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Inherent color symmetry in quantum Yang-Mills theory. (English) Zbl 1520.81130

Summary: We present the basic non-perturbative structure of the space of classical dynamical solutions and corresponding one particle quantum states in \(SU(3)\) Yang-Mills theory. It has been demonstrated that the Weyl group of \(su(3)\) algebra plays an important role in constructing non-perturbative solutions and leads to profound changes in the structure of the classical and quantum Yang-Mills theory. We show that the Weyl group as a non-trivial color subgroup of \(SU(3)\) admits singlet irreducible representations on a space of classical dynamical solutions which lead to strict concepts of one particle quantum states for gluons and quarks. The Yang-Mills theory is a non-linear theory and, in general, it is not possible to construct a Hilbert space of classical solutions and quantum states as a linear vector space, so, usually, a perturbative approach is applied. We propose a non-perturbative approach based on Weyl symmetric solutions to full non-linear equations of motion and construct a full space of dynamical solutions representing an infinite but countable solution space classified by a finite set of integer numbers. It has been proved that the Weyl singlet structure of classical solutions provides the existence of a stable non-degenerate vacuum which serves as a main precondition of the color confinement phenomenon. Some physical implications in quantum chromodynamics are considered.

MSC:

81T13 Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in quantum field theory
81V05 Strong interaction, including quantum chromodynamics
22E70 Applications of Lie groups to the sciences; explicit representations
11F68 Dirichlet series in several complex variables associated to automorphic forms; Weyl group multiple Dirichlet series
81V35 Nuclear physics
35Q55 NLS equations (nonlinear Schrödinger equations)

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