×

Asymptotic classification of the positive solutions of the nonautonomous two-competing species problem. (English) Zbl 0994.34037

The author studies the nonautonomous competition system \[ u'= u[a(t)- b(t)u- c(t)v],\quad v'=v[d(t)- e(t) u-f(t)v],\tag{1} \] where \(a(t),\dots,f(t)\) are continuous functions defined on all of \(\mathbb{R}\), bounded above and below by positive constants. He exhibits distinguished solutions defined by semitrivial (one component \(0\)) solutions to (1). The major results of the paper concern the structure of solutions which approach one or the other of the distinguished solutions asymptotically as \(t\to\infty\).
Increasingly specific results are obtained for uniformly continuous, almost-periodic, and periodic coefficients. As an example of the flavor of the results obtained, if the coefficients are \(T\)-periodic, the set of initial points of solutions which are asymptotic to one of the distinguished semitrivial solutions is either \((0,\infty)\times \{0\}\), \((0,\infty)\times (0,\infty)\), or a more complicated set and, in this third case, (1) has a positive, \(T\)-periodic solution.

MSC:

34D05 Asymptotic properties of solutions to ordinary differential equations
92D25 Population dynamics (general)
34C25 Periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations
34C27 Almost and pseudo-almost periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations
34D40 Ultimate boundedness (MSC2000)
Full Text: DOI

References:

[1] Ahmad, S., On almost periodic solutions of the competing species problems, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc., 102 (1988) · Zbl 0668.34042
[2] Alvarez, C.; Lazer, A., An application of topological degree to the periodic competing species problem, J. Austral. Math. Soc. Ser. B, 28 (1986) · Zbl 0625.92018
[3] Fink, A. M., Almost periodic differential equation, Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 377 (1974), Springer-Verlag: Springer-Verlag Berlin/New York · Zbl 0325.34039
[4] De Mottoni, P.; Schiaffino, A., Competition systems with periodic coefficients: A geometric approach, J. Math. Biol., 11, 319-335 (1981) · Zbl 0474.92015
[5] Tineo, A., Asymptotic behavior of positive solutions to the nonautonomous Lotka-Volterra competition equations, Differential Integral Equations, 6, 449-457 (1993) · Zbl 0774.34037
[6] Tineo, A., An iterative scheme for the \(n\), J. Differential Equations, 116, 1-15 (1995) · Zbl 0823.34048
This reference list is based on information provided by the publisher or from digital mathematics libraries. Its items are heuristically matched to zbMATH identifiers and may contain data conversion errors. In some cases that data have been complemented/enhanced by data from zbMATH Open. This attempts to reflect the references listed in the original paper as accurately as possible without claiming completeness or a perfect matching.