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Profinite categories, implicit operations and pseudovarieties of categories. (English) Zbl 0852.18005

The paper investigates the connection of three topics – the categories considered as algebras over graphs, implicit operations describing pseudovarieties, and profinite monoids and categories. Denote by \({\mathcal C}\) the \({\mathcal C}\)-variety of all finite categories. First, the author characterizes profinite categories and constructs the \({\mathcal V}\)-profinite completion \(\widehat C_{\mathcal V}\) of a finite vertex category \(C\) for a \({\mathcal C}\)- variety \({\mathcal V}\). If \(X^*\) is a free category over a graph \(X\), then \(\widehat X^*_{\mathcal V}\), called a pseudofree category over \({\mathcal V}\) on \(X\), is free in the category of all \({\mathcal V}\)-profinite categories. The notions of content, support, and bonded normal form defined on \(X^*\) can be extended to \(\widehat X^*_{\mathcal C}\) and to “most” \(\widehat X^*_{\mathcal V}\). Any nontrivial \({\mathcal C}\)-variety is a class of finite categories determined by bonded pseudo-identities. If \({\mathcal N}\) is a monoid pseudovariety, denote by \(g{\mathcal N}\) and \(\ell {\mathcal N}\) the smallest or the largest \({\mathcal C}\)-variety associated with \({\mathcal N}\), then the pseudo-identities determining \(g{\mathcal N}\) or \(\ell {\mathcal N}\) are derived in terms of pseudo-identities determining \({\mathcal N}\). Denote by \(\overline {\Omega_X {\mathcal V}}\) the category of all implicit operations over \({\mathcal V}\) on \(X\). Then there exists an isomorphism from \(\widehat X^*_{\mathcal V}\) into \(\overline {\Omega_X {\mathcal V}}\) which is a homeomorphism. An application for monoid pseudovarieties and for classes of languages recognized by graphs, and a generalization to semigroupoids (i.e., categories without identity) are derived.
Reviewer: V.Koubek (Praha)

MSC:

18B40 Groupoids, semigroupoids, semigroups, groups (viewed as categories)
20M50 Connections of semigroups with homological algebra and category theory
22A15 Structure of topological semigroups
20E18 Limits, profinite groups
68Q45 Formal languages and automata
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References:

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