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A convexity property for real orbits in complexified Riemannian symmetric spaces. (English) Zbl 1056.22007

Let \(G\) be a real semisimple Lie group, \(K\subset G\) a subgroup such that \(X=G/K\) is a Riemannian symmetric space of non-compact type. Let \(\mathfrak{g}=\mathfrak{k}+\mathfrak{p}\) be a Cartan decomposition of the Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}\) of \(G\) and \(\mathfrak{a}\subset\mathfrak{p}\) a maximal abelian subspace. Kostants’s linear convexity theorem [B. Kostant, Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér., IV. Sér. 6, 413–455 (1973; Zbl 0293.22019)] states that for any \(Y\in\mathfrak{a}\) the image of \(Ad(K)Y\) under the orthogonal projection \(\mathfrak{p}\to\mathfrak{a}\) equals the convex hull \(\text{conv}({\mathcal W}\,Y)\) of the orbit of \(Y\) under the Weyl group \({\mathcal W}\). This paper gives complex versions of convexity results related to this. Consider the complexification \(X_{\mathbb{C}}=G_{\mathbb{C}}/K_{\mathbb{C}}\) of \(X\), and a base point \(x_o\in X_{\mathbb{C}}\). Let \(\Sigma\) be the root system of \(\mathfrak{g}\) with respect to \(\mathfrak{a}\) and \(\Omega\subset\mathfrak{a}\) the convex set defined by the inequalities \(\left| \alpha(Y)\right| <\pi/2\) for all \(\alpha\in\Sigma\). The complex crown of \(X\) is the saturation of \(\exp(i\,\Omega).x_o\subset X_{\mathbb{C}}\) under the action of \(G\) on \(X_{\mathbb{C}}\). It is proved that for all \(Y\in\Omega\) the following convexity theorem holds: \[ G\exp(i\,Y).x_o\bigcap K_{\mathbb{C}}\,A_{\mathbb{C}}.x_o \subset K_{\mathbb{C}}\,A \exp \left(\text{ conv}({\mathcal W}\,Y)\right). \] For the proof, results of the author and R. Stanton to be published in forthcoming papers are used, namely spherical functions \(\varphi_\lambda\) on \(X\) (resp. the heat kernel \(k_t\) of \(X\)) admit holomorphic extensions \(\widetilde{\varphi}_\lambda\) (resp. \(\widetilde{k}_t\)) to the complex crown and \(K_{\mathbb{C}}\)-invariant holomorphic extensions to \(K_{\mathbb{C}}\,A,\exp(i\,\Omega).x_o\). Estimates of \(\widetilde{\varphi}_\lambda(a)\) for \(a\in \exp(i\,\Omega)\) and large parameters \(\lambda\) are leading to the result. As an application to harmonic analysis, it is proved that \(\widetilde{\varphi}_\lambda\) is bounded. Moreover, the holomorphic extension \(\widetilde{k}_t\) of the heat kernel \(k_t\) of \(X\) to the complex crown is bounded.

MSC:

22E46 Semisimple Lie groups and their representations
32A50 Harmonic analysis of several complex variables
53C35 Differential geometry of symmetric spaces
33C55 Spherical harmonics
32M15 Hermitian symmetric spaces, bounded symmetric domains, Jordan algebras (complex-analytic aspects)

Citations:

Zbl 0293.22019