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{{also|сума}}
==English==

===Alternative forms===
* {{alt|en|sima|syma}} {{defdate|16th century}}
* {{alt|en|cima|scima}} {{defdate|18th century}}

===Etymology===
{{root|en|ine-pro|*ḱewh₁-}}
From {{bor|en|NL.|cȳma||young sprout or shoot of cabbage}} (whence the botanic usage of {{doublet|en|notext=1|cyme}}), from {{der|en|grc|κῦμα||swell, wave”, “cyma”, “sprout of a plant}}, from {{m|grc|κύω||I conceive, I become pregnant}}.
{{rel-top|For more information, click to expand this box.}}
Most {{cog|en|-}} coinages on this root are formed on its short stem, {{m|grc||κῡμ-}}. The fact that the {{cog|grc|-}} etymon only inflects as a [[Appendix:Ancient Greek third declension#Neuters|third-declension neuter noun]] has led some writers to prescribe forms that preserve the root’s long stem, {{m|grc||κῡματ-}}, for [[w:Classical compound|philological reasons]] (see, for example, the 1903 and 1908 citations of {{m|en|cymatoscope}}), but such forms are rare.

Latinate phrases that include {{m|en||cyma}}, namely {{m|en|cyma inversa}}, {{m|en|cyma recta}}, and {{m|en|cyma reversa}}, show that, when employed as a {{cog|la|-}} word, {{m|la||cȳma}} is treated as a [[Appendix:Latin first declension#stēlla, -ae f.|first-declension feminine noun]] rather than as [[Appendix:Latin third declension#Neuter consonant stem|third-declension neuter consonant-stem noun]].

There are several Classical precedents, both from {{cog|la|-}} and from {{cog|grc|-}}, for formations on the short stem ({{m|grc||κῡμ-}}) of this root, although formations on the long stem ({{m|grc||κῡματ-}}) are more common in {{cog|grc|-}}; consequently, whereas formations on the long stem may be preferable, especially when combined with other {{cog|grc|-}} elements, formations on the short stem are by no means incorrect.
{{rel-bottom}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{enPR|sīʹmə|a=RP}}, {{IPA|en|/ˈsaɪmə/}}
* {{rhymes|en|aɪmə|s=2}}

===Noun===
{{head|en|noun|plural|cymas|or|cymae|or|cymæ|or|cymata}}

# {{lb|en|architecture}} A {{l|en|moulding}} of the {{l|en|cornice}}, {{l|en|wavelike}} in {{l|en|form}}, whose {{l|en|outline}} consists of a {{l|en|concave}} and a {{l|en|convex}} line; an {{l|en|ogee}}.
# {{lb|en|botany}} A {{l|en|cyme}}.

====Derived terms====
{{col-auto|en|cymagraph
|cyma inversa|{{l|en|cyma recta}}, {{l|en|cyma rectum}}|cyma reversa|cymatic|cymograph|{{l|en|cymoid}}, {{l|en|cymatoid}}}}

====Related terms====
{{top3}}
* {{l|en|cymaise}}
* {{l|en|cymatics}}
* {{l|en|cymatile}}
* {{l|en|cymatium}}
* {{l|en|cymatograph}}
* {{l|en|cymatolite}}
* {{l|en|cyme}}
* {{l|en|cymelet}}
* {{l|en|cymiferous}}
* {{l|en|cymobotryose}}
* {{l|en|cymoid}}
* {{l|en|cymophane}}
* {{l|en|cymophanous}}
* {{l|en|cymoscope}}, {{l|en|cymatoscope}}
* {{l|en|cymose}}
* {{l|en|cymosely}}
* {{l|en|cymotrichous}}, {{l|en|cymatotrichous}}
* {{l|en|cymotrichy}}
* {{l|en|cymous}}
* {{l|en|cymule}}
* {{l|en|cymulose}}
{{bottom}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|architecture: wavelike moulding of the cornice}}
* German: {{t+|de|Kyma|n}}, {{t+|de|Sima|f}}, {{t|de|Schmuckleiste|f}}, {{t|de|griechische Schmuckleiste|f}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|κυμάτιο|n}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-see|botany: cyme|cyme}}

===References===
* “[http://www.archive.org/stream/oed02arch#page/1302/mode/2up ‖ Cyma]” listed on page 1,302 of volume II (C) of ''[[w:Oxford English Dictionary|A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles]]'' [1st ed., 1893]<br/> ‖ '''Cyma''' ({{enPRchar|səi·mă}}). Also 6 '''syma''', 6–9 '''sima''', 7–8 '''scima''', 8–9 '''cima'''. [mod.L., a. Gr. {{lang|grc|κῦμα}} anything swollen, a billow, a wave, a waved or ogee moulding, the young sprout of a cabbage (in which sense also L. ''cȳma'', whence the botanical use).] [¶] '''1.''' ''Arch.'' A moulding of the cornice, the outline of which consists of a concave and a convex line; an ogee. [¶] ''Cyma recta'': a moulding concave in its upper part, and convex in its lower part. ''Cyma reversa'' (rarely ''inversa''): a moulding convex in its upper part, and concave in its lower part. [¶] '''1563''' Shute ''Archit.'' Ci b, 4 partes geue also to Sima reuersa. ''Ibid.'' Ciij b, That second parte which remayneth of the Modulus ye shall geue vnto Syma. '''1703''' Moxon ''Mech. Exerc.'' 267 Scima reversa..Scima recta, or Ogee. '''1726''' Leoni ''Alberti’s Archit.'' II. 34 b, A Cima inversa of the breadth of two minutes. '''1761''' ''Brit. Mag.'' II. 642 The true cima, or cimaise. '''1850''' Leitch ''Müller’s Anc. Art.'' § 249. 258 A base of several plinths and cymas. [¶] '''2.''' ''Bot.'' = Cyme 1 and 2. [¶] '''1706''' Phillips (ed. Kersey), ''Cyma''..the young Sprout of Coleworts, or other Herbs: a little Shoot, or Branch: But it is more especially taken by Herbalists for the top of any Plant. '''1775''' Lightfoot ''Flora Scotia'' (1792) I. 236 The cyma, or little umbel which terminates the branches.
* Sturgis, Russel. ''Cyma'', in ''A Dictionary of Architecture and Building, Biographical, Historical,...'' MacMillan Co.:1901.[http://books.google.com/books?id=tQgFAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA6-PA738&lpg=RA6-PA738&dq=cyzicenus+architecture&source=web&ots=A64-fbGro6&sig=2q3mn-xfcqY_sNg3DGO3R_7NWB0#PRA6-PA735,M1]
* {{R:Webster 1913}}
* “[https://web.archive.org/web/20200703030225/https://www.oed.com/oed2/00056734 ‖cyma]” listed in the ''Oxford English Dictionary'' [2nd ed., 1989]

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=acmy|Macy|YMCA}}

==Latin==

===Etymology===
From the {{der|la|grc|κῦμα||swell, wave, billow; fetus, embryo}}, from {{m|grc|κύω||I am pregnant, I conceive}}.

The Greek nominative plural is {{m|grc|κῡ́ματα}}; {{m|grc||*κυμαί}}, the first-declension nominative plural form which would give precedent to the {{cog|la|cȳmae}}, does not occur.

===Pronunciation===
* {{la-IPA|cȳma}}

===Noun===
{{la-noun|cȳma<3>}}<br/>
{{la-noun|cȳma<1>}}

# young sprout or spring {{l|en|shoot}} of {{l|en|cabbage}}
# {{l|en|hollow}} {{l|en|sphere}}
# spherical {{l|en|layer}}, {{l|en|stratum}}

====Declension====
{|
|valign="top"|{{la-ndecl|cȳma<3>}}
|valign="top"|{{la-ndecl|cȳma<1>}}
|}

====Derived terms====
* {{l|la|cȳmaticus}}
* {{l|la|cȳmatilis}}
** {{l|la|cȳmatile}}
* {{l|la|cȳmōsus}}
* {{l|la|cȳmula}}

====Related terms====
* {{l|la|cȳmatium}}

====Descendants====
{{col-top|3}}
* {{desc|sq|qime}}
* {{desc|rup|ciumã}}
* {{desc|dlm|čama}}
* {{desc|en|cyma|cyme}}
* {{desc|fr|cime}}
* {{desc|gl|cima}}
* {{desc|ist|seîma}}
* {{desc|it|cima}}
* {{desc|oc|cima}}
* {{desc|roa-opt|cima}}
* {{desc|pt|cima}}
* {{desc|ro|ciumă}} (See there for further descendants)
* {{desc|scn|cima}}
* {{desc|es|cima}}
* {{desc|vec|sima}}
{{col-bottom}}

===References===
* {{R:L&S}}
* {{R:Peck}}
* {{R:Smith's Antiquities}}

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