Liang, S.; Ponpetch, K.; Zhou, Y.-B.; Guo, J.-G.; Erko, B.; Stothard, J. R.; Murad, M. H.; Zhou, X.-N.; Satrija, F.; Webster, J. P.; Remais, J.; Utzinger, J.; Garba, A. Diagnosis of Schistosoma Infection in Non-Human Animal Hosts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Preprints2021, 2021050075. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202105.0075.v1
APA Style
Liang, S., Ponpetch, K., Zhou, Y. B., Guo, J. G., Erko, B., Stothard, J. R., Murad, M. H., Zhou, X. N., Satrija, F., Webster, J. P., Remais, J., Utzinger, J., & Garba, A. (2021). Diagnosis of <em>Schistosoma</em> Infection in Non-Human Animal Hosts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202105.0075.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Liang, S., Juerg Utzinger and Amadou Garba. 2021 "Diagnosis of <em>Schistosoma</em> Infection in Non-Human Animal Hosts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202105.0075.v1
Abstract
Background Reliable and field-applicable diagnosis of schistosome infections in non-human animals is important for surveillance, control, and verification of interruption of human schistosomiasis transmission. This study aimed to summarize uses of available diagnostic techniques through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods and principal findings We systematically searched the literature and reports comparing two or more diagnostic tests in non-human animals for schistosome infection. Out of 4,909 articles and reports screened, 18 met our inclusion criteria, four of which were considered in the meta-analysis. A total of 14 techniques (parasitologic, immunologic, and molecular) and nine types of non-human animals were involved in the studies. Notably, four studies compared parasitologic tests (miracidium hatching test (MHT), Kato-Katz (KK), the Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory technique (DBL), and formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation-digestion (FED-SD)) with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and sensitivity estimates (using qPCR as the reference) were extracted and included in the meta-analyses, showing significant heterogeneity across studies and animals hosts. The pooled estimate of sensitivity was 0.21 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.03 – 0.48) with FED-SD showing highest sensitivity (0.89, 95% CI: 0.65 – 1.00). Conclusions and significance Our findings suggest that the parasitologic technique FEA-SD and the molecular technique, qPCR, are the most promising field-applicable techniques for schistosome diagnosis in non-human animal hosts. Future studies are needed for validation and standardization of the techniques for real-world field applications.
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
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