Review
doi: 10.1016/s0952-7915(98)80026-5.
Role of the prophenoloxidase-activating system in invertebrate immunity
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- PMID: 9523106
- DOI: 10.1016/s0952-7915(98)80026-5
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Review
Role of the prophenoloxidase-activating system in invertebrate immunity
Curr Opin Immunol.
1998 Feb.
Abstract
The melanization reaction, which is a common response to parasite entry in invertebrate animals, especially arthropods, is due to the activity of an oxidoreductase, phenoloxidase. This enzyme is part of a complex system of proteinases, pattern recognition proteins and proteinase inhibitors constituting the so-called prophenoloxidase-activating system. It is proposed to be a non-self recognition system because conversion of prophenoloxidase to active enzyme can be brought about by minuscule amounts of molecules such as lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan and beta-1, 3-glucans from micro-organisms. Several components of this system recently have been isolated and their structure determined.
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