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{{short description|Premium European style coffee house brand}}
{{short description| European style coffee house brand}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
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| image = Wandsworth Bridge Road Caffè Nero.jpg
| image = Wandsworth Bridge Road Caffè Nero.jpg
| image_caption = Wandsworth Bridge Road Caffè Nero
| image_caption = Wandsworth Bridge Road Caffè Nero
| logo = Caffè Nero Logo.svg
| logo = Caffè Nero Logo.svg
| type = [[Private company limited by shares]]
| type = [[Private company limited by shares]]
| location = [[London]], [[England]], [[United Kingdom|UK]]
| location = [[London]], [[England]], [[United Kingdom|UK]]
| num_locations = {{Increase}} 1017 (2019)
| num_locations = {{Increase}} 1017 (2019)
| key_people = {{ubl|Gerry Ford ([[Chairman]], [[Organizational founder|Founder]] and [[Chief Executive Officer|CEO]])}}
| key_people = {{ubl|Gerry Ford ([[Chairman]], [[Organizational founder|Founder]] and [[Chief Executive Officer|CEO]])}}
| num_employees = {{Increase}} [[5000]]
| num_employees =
| industry = [[Coffeehouse|Coffee shop]]s
| industry = [[Coffeehouse|Coffee shop]]s
| products = Espresso based coffees <br />Frappé Latte <br />Tea<br>Savoury and Sweet goods
| products = Espresso based coffees <br />Frappé Latte<br />Tea<br>
| subsid = [[Harris + Hoole]]<br>[[Coffee 1|Coffee#1]]
| subsid = [[Harris + Hoole]]<br>[[Coffee 1|Coffee#1]]
| revenue = {{Increase}} £227.9 million [[Pound Sterling|GBP]] (2013/4){{Citation needed|date=May 2019}}
| revenue = {{Increase}} £227.9 million [[Pound Sterling|GBP]] (2013/4){{Citation needed|date=May 2019}}
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}}
}}


'''Caffè Nero''' (officially ''Caffè Nero Group [[Private company limited by shares|Ltd]]'') is a premium European style coffee house brand headquartered in London, England. Since 1997, led by Gerry Ford, Caffè Nero has grown internationally to be recognized as Europe's largest independent coffee house group. <ref>https://sites.tufts.edu/fletcheradmissions/2015/09/busy-day-for-fletcher-entrepreneurs</ref>. Currently, the company runs more than 1000 coffee houses in eleven countries: the [[UK]], [[Ireland]], [[Sweden]], [[Poland]], [[Cyprus]], [[Croatia]], [[Turkey]], the [[UAE]], [[Oman]], [[France]] and the [[United States]]. In 2009 Caffè Nero bought and opened its own coffee roastery, which supplies the coffee to all its coffee houses worldwide. It receives all of the beans it uses directly from the farmers, where the company has direct relationships and supports through a variety of community and funding schemes.<ref>https://www.hospitalityandcateringnews.com/2015/04/virgin-trains-brews-new-coffee-nero-roasting-company</ref>
'''Caffè Nero''' (officially ''Caffè Nero Group [[Private company limited by shares|Ltd]]'') is a European style coffee house brand headquartered in London, England. . Currently, the company runs more than coffee houses in countries: the [[UK]], [[Ireland]], [[Sweden]], [[Poland]], [[Cyprus]], [[Croatia]], [[Turkey]], the [[UAE]], Oman, and the [[United States]]. Caffè Nero company .<ref>://www..///-------</ref>


"Caffè Nero" is [[Italian language|Italian]] for "black coffee".
"Caffè Nero" is [[Italian language|Italian]] for "black coffee".


==History==
==History==
In 1997 Gerry Ford led a small group of investors in the purchase of 5 central London shops with the name Caffe Nero from an Ian Semp who established the name in 1990. Gerry Ford subsequently redesigned those units and founded the Caffè Nero brand as recognized today.<ref>https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/10746554/Caffe-Nero-founder-Gerry-Ford-has-chutzpah-you-need-it-if-want-to-take-a-European-coffee-chain-to-America.html</ref><ref>https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/caff-nero-s-cup-runneth-over-yet-again-zq7rlwnss</ref>. At the same time the signature coffee house blend - Classico - was introduced, and has gone on to receive awards for its quality. <ref>"Which coffee shop chain serves the tastiest coffee?". Which.co.uk. 11 July 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2014</ref>. The Classico blend is still served in every store today. <ref> https://www.mca-insight.com/cafes-and-coffee-shops/caffe-nero-enters-the-retail-market/552362.article</ref><ref>https://www.ivoryresearch.com/writers/sally-james-ivory-research-writer</ref> In March 2001 Caffè Nero joined the [[London Stock Exchange]] under the symbol CFN. In early 2007, the company was the subject of a management buy-out by the newly formed Rome Bidco Ltd and taken private.<ref>https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-caffe-nero-takeover/caffe-nero-agrees-to-management-buyout-idUKWLA618520061207</ref> Since 2007, the company expanded to [[Turkey]] in 2007, the [[UAE]] in 2009, [[Poland]] in 2012, [[Cyprus]] in 2013, and [[Ireland]] and the [[United States]] in 2014, [[Croatia]] in 2017, [[Oman]] in 2018, [[Sweden]] and [[France]] in 2019 <ref> http://www.xpressrecruitment.com/articles/caffe-nero-to-open-80-new-international-sites-in-2019-2894.htm</ref>Caffè Nero's parent company is based in Luxembourg.<ref name=article-5485883>http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/markets/article-5485883/Caff-Nero-288m-sales-did-not-bean-tax.html</ref>
in Ian Semp in a and in March 2001 joined the [[London Stock Exchange]] under the symbol CFN. In early 2007, the company was the subject of a management buy-out by the newly formed Rome Bidco Ltd and taken private.<ref>https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-caffe-nero-takeover/caffe-nero-agrees-to-management-buyout-idUKWLA618520061207</ref> Since 2007, the company expanded to [[Turkey]] in 2007, the [[UAE]] in 2009, [[Poland]] in 2012, [[Cyprus]] in 2013, and [[Ireland]] and the [[United States]] in 2014.=

In June 2016, the Caffè Nero Group completed the purchase of the Harris + Hoole brand from Tesco which consisted of 43 sites.<ref>https://www.hospitalityandcateringnews.com/2016/06/caffe-nero-acquires-harris-hoole-brand-tesco</ref>, and in January 2019 the Group expanded further by completing the purchase of the majority shareholding of the 92 strong coffee chain Coffee#1 from Brains SA.<ref>https://www.mca-insight.com/analysis/a-taste-of-things-to-come/576139.article</ref>


Caffè Nero has won many accolades for its high quality coffee. It was rated by Allegra Strategies as having the highest coffee quality among coffee brands in the UK for eight years consecutively. In 2013, Caffè Nero's coffee was rated best tasting among five major UK brands by experts at the independent consumer magazine ''Which?''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.which.co.uk/news/2013/07/which-coffee-shop-chain-serves-the-tastiest-coffee-325644/ |title=Which coffee shop chain serves the tastiest coffee? |website=Which.co.uk |date=11 July 2013 |accessdate=9 May 2014}}</ref>
Caffè Nero has won many accolades for its high quality coffee. It was rated by Allegra Strategies as having the highest coffee quality among coffee brands in the UK for eight years consecutively. In 2013, Caffè Nero's coffee was rated best tasting among five major UK brands by experts at the independent consumer magazine ''Which?''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.which.co.uk/news/2013/07/which-coffee-shop-chain-serves-the-tastiest-coffee-325644/ |title=Which coffee shop chain serves the tastiest coffee? |website=Which.co.uk |date=11 July 2013 |accessdate=9 May 2014}}</ref>


On 10 April 2017, Caffè Nero introduced their loyalty payment app in the UK, in partnership with [[Yoyo Wallet]]. Designed to focus on improving customer experience and convenience, the app is much more about utility than it is about brand content. <ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.businessmole.com/yoyo-wallet-selected-mobile-payment-loyalty-strategy-partner-caffe-nero/|title=Yoyo Wallet selected as mobile payment and loyalty strategy partner for Caffè Nero|publisher=Businessmole|date=3 November 2016|accessdate=7 November 2016}}</ref>.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://mobilemarketingmagazine.com/caffe-nero-loyalty-payment-app-marcus-denison-smith|title=Caffë Nero: |publisher=Mobile Marketing|date=13 April 2017|accessdate=18 May 2017}}</ref>
On Caffè Nero , [[Yoyo Wallet]] the .<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.businessmole.com/yoyo-wallet-selected-mobile-payment-loyalty-strategy-partner-caffe-nero/|title=Yoyo Wallet selected as mobile payment and loyalty strategy partner for Caffè Nero|publisher=Businessmole|date=3 November 2016|accessdate=7 November 2016}}</ref>.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://mobilemarketingmagazine.com/caffe-nero-loyalty-payment-app-marcus-denison-smith|title=Caffë Nero: |publisher=Mobile Marketing|date=13 April 2017|accessdate=18 May 2017}}</ref>


Gerry Ford started the Nero Foundation to support coffee-growing communities and local communities located near to where it has stores. Funds from the Foundation are invested to enhance community amenities, such as schools in rural areas where the company sources its coffee beans. Caffè Nero also encourages its staff to support local causes that are close to their heart. The company has a commitment to provide funds up to the equivalent amount raised by employees for local good causes.{{fact|date=August 2018}}
started the Nero Foundation to support coffee-growing communities and local communities located near to where it has stores. Funds from the Foundation invested to enhance community amenities, such as schools in rural areas where the company sources its coffee beans. Caffè Nero also encourages its staff to support local causes that are close to their heart. The company has a commitment to provide funds up to the equivalent amount raised by employees for local good causes.{{fact|date=August 2018}}


==Products==
==Products==
The company states it buys coffee from traders who have direct relationships with farmers and pay a "fair" price.<ref name="caffenero.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.caffenero.com/food/ourfood.aspx |title=Caffè Nero |publisher=Caffenero.com |date= |accessdate=9 May 2014}}</ref>{{Third-party inline|date=August 2018}}
The company states it buys coffee from traders who have direct relationships with farmers and pay a "fair" price.<ref name="caffenero.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.caffenero.com/food/ourfood.aspx |title=Caffè Nero |publisher=Caffenero.com |date= |accessdate=9 May 2014}}</ref>{{Third-party inline|date=August 2018}}


The company has a reward scheme for customers. Each time a coffee is purchased, the customer's loyalty card is stamped with the 'Nero Coffee Bean Logo'. Once a card has nine stamps, the bearer is entitled to a free drink.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://realbusiness.co.uk/article/114-caffandegrave_neroandrsquos_got_a_whole_latte_love |title=Caffè Nero's got a whole latte love |publisher=Real Business |date=27 November 2007 |accessdate=9 May 2014}}</ref>. Caffè Nero also offers double reward stamps for every customer who uses a reusable cup in its stores <ref>https://www.standard.co.uk/futurelondon/theplasticfreeproject/reusable-coffee-cups-discounts-london-cafes-single-use-plastic-eco-friendly-rewards-a4053251.html</ref>
The company has a reward scheme for customers. Each time a coffee is purchased, the customer's loyalty card is stamped with the 'Nero Coffee Bean Logo'. Once a card has nine stamps, the bearer is entitled to a free drink.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://realbusiness.co.uk/article/114-caffandegrave_neroandrsquos_got_a_whole_latte_love |title=Caffè Nero's got a whole latte love |publisher=Real Business |date=27 November 2007 |accessdate=9 May 2014}}</ref>

Caffè Nero participates in numerous waste and recycling initiatives including the London First Mile scheme which collects coffee grounds and converts it into bio-fuel<ref> https://www.hospitalityandcateringnews.com/2017/02/fuelled-coffee-now-reality-thanks-new-recycling-partnership-caffe-nero-first-mile</ref>


==Controversies==
==Controversies==
Caffè Nero has not paid any corporation tax in the UK since 2007 and has been subject to ongoing criticism.<ref name=article-5485883 /><ref name=bbc.co>https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-27291283</ref>, however, the [BBC]] reported that "there is no suggestion that Caffe Nero has done anything illegal."<ref name=bbc.co /> and that "Caffe Nero has previously rejected accusations that its complex corporate structure involving various holding companies is designed to avoid corporation tax."
Caffè Nero has not paid any corporation tax in the UK since 2007 and has been subject to ongoing criticism.<ref name=article-5485883 /><ref name=bbc.co>https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-27291283</ref> [BBC]] reported that "Caffe Nero has previously rejected accusations that its complex corporate structure involving various holding companies is designed to avoid corporation tax."


A handful of the company's stores have either had planning permission controversies and/or enforcement action taken. One town accused Caffè Nero of "bully-boy tactics" <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cravenherald.co.uk/news/9421173.Planners_say__no__to_Caffe_Nero_in_Skipton/ |title=Planners say 'no' to Caffè Nero in Skipton (From Craven Herald) |publisher=Cravenherald.co.uk |date=15 December 2011 |accessdate=9 May 2014}}</ref> following the opening of several stores in the United Kingdom, without the required planning permission. However, all 11 stores where there have been planning permission issues have subsequently been granted planning permission.
A of the company's have either had planning permission controversies and/or enforcement action taken. of "bully-boy tactics"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cravenherald.co.uk/news/9421173.Planners_say__no__to_Caffe_Nero_in_Skipton/ |title=Planners say 'no' to Caffè Nero in Skipton (From Craven Herald) |publisher=Cravenherald.co.uk |date=15 December 2011 |accessdate=9 May 2014}}</ref> following the opening of several stores in the United Kingdom, without the required planning permission. However, all 11 stores where there have been planning permission issues have subsequently been granted planning permission.


In May 2015, the company said that they will stop serving milk from farms in [[Gloucestershire]]'s badger cull areas. On 29 May 2015, the company said: "Caffè Nero has instructed its partners supplying to stores which are situated around the cull zone areas to supply milk from farms outside of the zone.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gloucestercitizen.co.uk/Caff-Nero-bans-badger-cull-milk-animal-rights/story-26612320-detail/story.html|title=Caffè Nero bans 'badger cull' milk after animal rights threats|publisher=Gloucester Citizen|date=1 June 2015}}</ref> On 7 July 2015, rats were videoed scurrying along the floor and counter in their [[Donegall Square]] West unit in [[Belfast]], despite having previously been awarded a four out of possible five star rating by inspectors from Belfast City Council. Having been notified of the incident, the store was closed for a full investigation and has subsequently reopened; the source of the infestation was an adjacent disused building.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-33787741|title=Caffè Nero Council visit after rats filmed|publisher=BBC News|date=5 August 2015}}</ref> A 2017 study by the [[BBC]] found trace amounts of faecal bacteria in Caffè Nero's iced drinks, alongside those of [[Starbucks]] and [[Costa Coffee]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jun/28/faecal-bacteria-found-ice-three-major-uk-chains-caffe-nero-starbucks-costa-coffee|title=Faecal bacteria found in ice from Costa, Caffè Nero and Starbucks|first=Nicola|last=Davis|date=28 June 2017|website=the Guardian}}</ref>
In May 2015, the company said that they will stop serving milk from farms in [[Gloucestershire]]'s badger cull areas. On 29 May 2015, the company said: "Caffè Nero has instructed its partners supplying to stores which are situated around the cull zone areas to supply milk from farms outside of the zone.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.gloucestercitizen.co.uk/Caff-Nero-bans-badger-cull-milk-animal-rights/story-26612320-detail/story.html|title=Caffè Nero bans 'badger cull' milk after animal rights threats|publisher=Gloucester Citizen|date=1 June 2015}}</ref> On 7 July 2015, rats were videoed scurrying along the floor and counter in their [[Donegall Square]] West unit in [[Belfast]], despite having previously been awarded a four out of possible five star rating by inspectors from Belfast City Council. Having been notified of the incident, the store was closed for a full investigation and has subsequently reopened; the source of the infestation was an adjacent disused building.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-33787741|title=Caffè Nero Council visit after rats filmed|publisher=BBC News|date=5 August 2015}}</ref> A 2017 study by the [[BBC]] found trace amounts of faecal bacteria in Caffè Nero's iced drinks, alongside those of [[Starbucks]] and [[Costa Coffee]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jun/28/faecal-bacteria-found-ice-three-major-uk-chains-caffe-nero-starbucks-costa-coffee|title=Faecal bacteria found in ice from Costa, Caffè Nero and Starbucks|first=Nicola|last=Davis|date=28 June 2017|website=the Guardian}}</ref>


In June 2018 Polish State Sanitary Inspectorate and media reported 63 adults and 10 children having been poisoned (21 of whom were hospitalized) after eating [[salmonella]]-contaminated cakes served in a number of Caffè Neros in Warsaw, Cracow and Wrocław.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://warszawawpigulce.pl/sanepid-72-przypadki-zachowan-w-tym-10-dzieci-w-dalszym-ciagu-stwierdza-sie-nieprawidlowosci/|title=Sanepid: 73 przypadki zachorowań, w tym 10 dzieci|date=11 June 2018|website=warszawawpigulce.pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://pssewawa.pl/container/GreenCaffeNero-zatrucie-4.pdf|title=Komunikat nr 4: Zatrucie pokarmowe w sieci kawiarni Green Caffe Nero|date=11 June 2018|website=pssewawa.pl}}</ref>
In June 2018 Polish State Sanitary Inspectorate and media reported 63 adults and 10 children having been poisoned (21 of whom were hospitalized) after eating [[salmonella]]-contaminated cakes served in a number of Caffè Neros in Warsaw, Cracow and Wrocław.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://warszawawpigulce.pl/sanepid-72-przypadki-zachowan-w-tym-10-dzieci-w-dalszym-ciagu-stwierdza-sie-nieprawidlowosci/|title=Sanepid: 73 przypadki zachorowań, w tym 10 dzieci|date=11 June 2018|website=warszawawpigulce.pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://pssewawa.pl/container/GreenCaffeNero-zatrucie-4.pdf|title=Komunikat nr 4: Zatrucie pokarmowe w sieci kawiarni Green Caffe Nero|date=11 June 2018|website=pssewawa.pl}}</ref>

Revision as of 16:56, 30 July 2019

Caffè Nero Group Ltd.
Company typePrivate company limited by shares
IndustryCoffee shops
HeadquartersLondon, England, UK
Number of locations
Increase 1017 (2019)
Key people
ProductsEspresso based coffees
Frappé Latte
Tea
RevenueIncrease £227.9 million GBP (2013/4)[citation needed]
SubsidiariesHarris + Hoole
Coffee#1
Websitewww.caffenero.com

Caffè Nero (officially Caffè Nero Group Ltd) is a British European style coffee house brand headquartered in London, England. It was founded in 1990 by Ian Semp and the original branch was at 66 Old Brompton Road, South Kensington. Currently, the company runs more than 825 coffee houses in ten countries: the UK, Ireland, Sweden, Poland, Cyprus, Croatia, Turkey, the UAE, Oman, and the United States. Caffè Nero's parent company is based in Luxembourg.[1]

"Caffè Nero" is Italian for "black coffee".

History

Caffè Nero was founded in 1990 by Ian Semp and in 1997 was sold to a group of venture capitalists and in March 2001 joined the London Stock Exchange under the symbol CFN. In early 2007, the company was the subject of a management buy-out by the newly formed Rome Bidco Ltd and taken private.[2] Since 2007, the company expanded to Turkey in 2007, the UAE in 2009, Poland in 2012, Cyprus in 2013, and Ireland and the United States in 2014.[citation needed]

Caffè Nero has won many accolades for its high quality coffee. It was rated by Allegra Strategies as having the highest coffee quality among coffee brands in the UK for eight years consecutively. In 2013, Caffè Nero's coffee was rated best tasting among five major UK brands by experts at the independent consumer magazine Which?[3]

On 2 November 2016 Caffè Nero CEO Gerry Ford and Michael Rolph, CRO of mobile payment solution company Yoyo Wallet, announced a partnership between the two companies to facilitate the latter's new role as Caffè Nero's mobile payment and loyalty strategy partner.[4] As a result of this partnership, the Caffé Nero loyalty and payment app was launched on 10 April 2017.[5]

The company's current owners started the Nero Foundation to support coffee-growing communities and local communities located near to where it has stores. Funds from the Foundation will be invested to enhance community amenities, such as schools in rural areas where the company sources its coffee beans. Caffè Nero also encourages its staff to support local causes that are close to their heart. The company has a commitment to provide funds up to the equivalent amount raised by employees for local good causes.[citation needed]

Products

The company states it buys coffee from traders who have direct relationships with farmers and pay a "fair" price.[6][third-party source needed]

The company has a reward scheme for customers. Each time a coffee is purchased, the customer's loyalty card is stamped with the 'Nero Coffee Bean Logo'. Once a card has nine stamps, the bearer is entitled to a free drink.[7]

Controversies

Caffè Nero has not paid any corporation tax in the UK since 2007 and has been subject to ongoing criticism.[1][8] The BBC reported that "Caffe Nero has previously rejected accusations that its complex corporate structure involving various holding companies is designed to avoid corporation tax." and "There is no suggestion that Caffe Nero has done anything illegal."[8]

A number of the company's shops have either had planning permission controversies and/or enforcement action taken. Caffè Nero have been accused of "bully-boy tactics"[9] following the opening of several stores in the United Kingdom, without the required planning permission. However, all 11 stores where there have been planning permission issues have subsequently been granted planning permission.

In May 2015, the company said that they will stop serving milk from farms in Gloucestershire's badger cull areas following intimidation from animal-rights activists. On 29 May 2015, the company said: "Caffè Nero has instructed its partners supplying to stores which are situated around the cull zone areas to supply milk from farms outside of the zone.[10] On 7 July 2015, rats were videoed scurrying along the floor and counter in their Donegall Square West unit in Belfast, despite having previously been awarded a four out of possible five star rating by inspectors from Belfast City Council. Having been notified of the incident, the store was closed for a full investigation and has subsequently reopened; the source of the infestation was an adjacent disused building.[11] A 2017 study by the BBC found trace amounts of faecal bacteria in Caffè Nero's iced drinks, alongside those of Starbucks and Costa Coffee.[12]

In June 2018 Polish State Sanitary Inspectorate and media reported 63 adults and 10 children having been poisoned (21 of whom were hospitalized) after eating salmonella-contaminated cakes served in a number of Caffè Neros in Warsaw, Cracow and Wrocław.[13][14]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/markets/article-5485883/Caff-Nero-288m-sales-did-not-bean-tax.html
  2. ^ https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-caffe-nero-takeover/caffe-nero-agrees-to-management-buyout-idUKWLA618520061207
  3. ^ "Which coffee shop chain serves the tastiest coffee?". Which.co.uk. 11 July 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
  4. ^ "Yoyo Wallet selected as mobile payment and loyalty strategy partner for Caffè Nero". Businessmole. 3 November 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  5. ^ "Caffë Nero: The app is much more about utility than it is about brand content". Mobile Marketing. 13 April 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
  6. ^ "Caffè Nero". Caffenero.com. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
  7. ^ "Caffè Nero's got a whole latte love". Real Business. 27 November 2007. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
  8. ^ a b https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-27291283
  9. ^ "Planners say 'no' to Caffè Nero in Skipton (From Craven Herald)". Cravenherald.co.uk. 15 December 2011. Retrieved 9 May 2014.
  10. ^ "Caffè Nero bans 'badger cull' milk after animal rights threats". Gloucester Citizen. 1 June 2015.
  11. ^ "Caffè Nero Council visit after rats filmed". BBC News. 5 August 2015.
  12. ^ Davis, Nicola (28 June 2017). "Faecal bacteria found in ice from Costa, Caffè Nero and Starbucks". the Guardian.
  13. ^ "Sanepid: 73 przypadki zachorowań, w tym 10 dzieci". warszawawpigulce.pl. 11 June 2018.
  14. ^ "Komunikat nr 4: Zatrucie pokarmowe w sieci kawiarni Green Caffe Nero" (PDF). pssewawa.pl. 11 June 2018.