skip to main content
Article
Free access

Hop by hop multicast routing protocol

Published: 27 August 2001 Publication History

Abstract

IP Multicast is facing a slow take-off although it is a hotly debated topic since more than a decade. Many reasons are responsible for this status. Hence, the Internet is likely to be organized with both unicast and multicast enabled networks. Thus, it is of utmost importance to design protocols that allow the progressive deployment of the multicast service by supporting unicast clouds. This paper proposes HBH (Hop-By-Hop multicast routing protocol). HBH adopts the source-specific channel abstraction to simplify address allocation and implements data distribution using recursive unicast trees, which allow the transparent support of unicast-only routers. Additionally, HBH is original because its tree construction algorithm takes into account the unicast routing asymmetries. As most multicast routing protocols rely on the unicast infrastructure, these asymmetries impact the structure of the multicast trees. We show through simulation that HBH outperforms other multicast routing protocols in terms of the delay experienced by the receivers and the bandwidth consumption of the multicast trees.

References

[1]
G.Apostolopoulos,R.Guerin,S.Kamat,and S.K. Tripathi.Quality of service based routing:A performance perspective.In ACM SIGCOMM'98 pages 17-28,Sept.1998.]]
[2]
T.Bates,R.Chandra,D.Katz,and Y.Rekhter. Multiprotocol Extensions for BGP-4 RFC 2283,Feb. 1998.]]
[3]
S.Bhattacharyya,C.Diot,L.Giuliano,R.Rockell, J.Meylor,D.Meyer,G.Shepherd,and B.Haberman. An Overview of Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) Deployment May 2001.Work in progress: draft-ietf-ssm-overview-00.txt.]]
[4]
B.Cain,S.Deering,W.Fenner,I.Kouvelas,and A.Thyagarajan.Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 3 Mar.2001.Work in progress: draft-ietf-idmr-igmp-v3-07.txt.]]
[5]
S.Deering.Host Extensions for IP Multicasting RFC 1112,Aug.1989.]]
[6]
S.Deering,D.L.Estrin,D.Farinacci,V.Jacobson, C.-G.Liu,and L.Mei.The PIM architecture for wide-area multicast routing.IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 4(2):153 -162,Apr.1996.]]
[7]
C.Diot,W.Dabbous,and J.Crowcroft.Multipoint communication:A survey of protocols,functions and mechanisms.IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 15(3):277 -290,Apr.1997.]]
[8]
C.Diot,B.N.Levine,B.Liles,H.Kassem,and D.Balensiefen.Deployment issues for the IP multicast service and architecture.IEEE Network pages 78 -88, Jan.2000.]]
[9]
D.Estrin,D.Farinacci,A.Helmy,D.Thaler, S.Deering,M.Handley,V.Jacobson,C.Liu, P.Sharma,and L.Wei.Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode (PIM-SM): Protocol Specification RFC 2362,June 1998.]]
[10]
K.Fall and K.Varadhan.The ns Manual UC Berkeley,LBL,USC/ISI,and Xerox PARC,Jan.2001. Available at http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/nsdocumentation.html.]]
[11]
B.Fenner,M.Handley,H.Holbrook,and I.Kouvelas. Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode (PIM-SM): Protocol Specification (Revised),Mar. 2001.Work in progress: draft-ietf-pim-sm-v2-new-02.txt.]]
[12]
W.Fenner.Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 2 RFC 2236,Nov.1997.]]
[13]
R.Finlayson.The UDP Multicast Tunneling Protocol Mar.2001.Work in progress: draft-.nlayson-umtp-06.txt.]]
[14]
R.Finlayson,R.Perlman,and D.Rajwan. Accelerating the Deployment of Multicast Using Automatic Tunneling Feb.2001.Work in progress: draft-.nlayson-mboned-autotunneling-00.txt.]]
[15]
S.Hanks,T.Li,D.Farinacci,and P.Traina.Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE).RFC 1701,Oct.1994.]]
[16]
H.W.Holbrook and D.R.Cheriton.IP multicast channels:EXPRESS support for large-scale single-source applications.In ACM SIGCOMM'99 Sept.1999.]]
[17]
P.Liefooghe and M.Goossens.An architecture for seamless access to multicast content.In IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks Nov.2000.]]
[18]
D.Meyer (Editor)and B.Fenner (Editor).Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP),May 2001.Work in progress:draft-ietf-msdp-spec-10.txt.]]
[19]
J.Moy.Multicast Extensions to OSPF RFC 1584, Mar.1994.]]
[20]
V.Paxson.End-to-end routing behavior in the internet.IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 5(5):601 -615,Oct.1997.]]
[21]
I.Stoica,T.S.E.Ng,and H.Zhang.REUNITE:A recursive unicast approach to multicast.In IEEE INFOCOM'2000 Mar.2000.]]
[22]
D.Thaler,M.Talwar,L.Vicisano,and D.Ooms.IPv4 Automatic Multicast Without Explicit Tunnels Feb. 2001.Work in progress: draft-ietf-mboned-auto-multicast-00.txt.]]
[23]
D.Waitzman,C.Partridge,and S.Deering.Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol RFC 1075,Nov. 1988.]]

Cited By

View all

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
SIGCOMM '01: Proceedings of the 2001 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
August 2001
298 pages
ISBN:1581134118
DOI:10.1145/383059
  • cover image ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
    ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review  Volume 31, Issue 4
    Proceedings of the 2001 SIGCOMM conference
    October 2001
    275 pages
    ISSN:0146-4833
    DOI:10.1145/964723
    Issue’s Table of Contents
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 27 August 2001

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Qualifiers

  • Article

Conference

SIGCOMM01
Sponsor:

Acceptance Rates

SIGCOMM '01 Paper Acceptance Rate 23 of 252 submissions, 9%;
Overall Acceptance Rate 462 of 3,389 submissions, 14%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)57
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)11
Reflects downloads up to 19 Oct 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2019)ElmoProceedings of the ACM Special Interest Group on Data Communication10.1145/3341302.3342066(458-471)Online publication date: 19-Aug-2019
  • (2017)BEAMInternational Journal of Sensor Networks10.1504/IJSNET.2017.08678725:1(13-30)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2017
  • (2013)Research on Aggregated Multicast Based on Wide-Sense Circuit TreeAdvanced Materials Research10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.791-793.1506791-793(1506-1511)Online publication date: Sep-2013
  • (2013)Novel Branching-Router-Based Multicast Routing Protocol with Mobility SupportIEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems10.1109/TPDS.2012.30524:10(2060-2068)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2013
  • (2012)Context-Aware Delivery of Multi-Party CommunicationsWireless Multi-Access Environments and Quality of Service Provisioning10.4018/978-1-4666-0017-1.ch004(72-96)Online publication date: 2012
  • (2012)Dynamic relay‐location‐oriented group management in MMR WiMAX networksTransactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies10.1002/ett.253524:2(142-153)Online publication date: 20-Jun-2012
  • (2010)Dynamic multicast groups with adaptive path selection in MMR WiMAX networks2010 - MILCOM 2010 MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE10.1109/MILCOM.2010.5680155(1472-1477)Online publication date: Oct-2010
  • (2010)Context-aware selection in multicast environmentsProceedings of the The IEEE symposium on Computers and Communications10.1109/ISCC.2010.5546526(646-652)Online publication date: 22-Jun-2010
  • (2010)Fast adaptive routing supporting mobile senders in Source Specific MulticastTelecommunications Systems10.1007/s11235-009-9200-y43:1-2(95-108)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2010
  • (2010)Multicast Routing on the InternetMultimedia Multicast on the Internet10.1002/9780470612040.ch1(1-50)Online publication date: 5-Jan-2010
  • Show More Cited By

View Options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Get Access

Login options

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media