Triticum

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Taxonavigation

Taxonavigation: Poales
Classification System: APG IV Superregnum: Eukaryota Regnum: Plantae Cladus: Angiosperms Cladus: Monocots Cladus: Commelinids Ordo: Poales

Familia: Poaceae
Subfamilia: Pooideae
Tribus: Hordeeae
Genus: Triticum
Species: T. aestivum – T. monococcum – T. timopheevii – T. turgidum – T. urartu
Nothospecies: T. × zhukovskyi

Name

Triticum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 85. (1753) nom. cons.

Type species: Triticum aestivum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 85 (1753) nom. cons.

Synonyms

Heterotypic
- Bromus Scop., Intr. Hist. Nat.: 74 (1777), nom. illeg.
- Spelta Wolf, Gen. Pl.: 22 (1781).
- Crithodium Link, Linnaea 9: 132 (1834).
- Nivieria Ser., Ann. Sci. Phys. Nat. Lyon 5: 114 (1842).
- Deina Alef., Landw. Fl.: 335 (1866).
- Frumentum E.H.L.Krause, Bot. Centralbl. 73: 339 (1898).
- Gigachilon Seidl ex Á.Löve, Feddes Repert. 95: 496 (1984)

Note: This is an extreme view of Triticum s.s. pending reviews by IPNI, Tropicos and Kew - see Goncharov (2011) for an overview who at that time accepted about 28 species.

Distribution

Native distribution areas:

Continental: Asia-Temperate
- Regional: Middle Asia
  - Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, West Himalaya, Xinjiang
- Regional: Peninsular India
  - India
- Regional: Western Asia
  - Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Turkey
- Regional: Caucasus
  - North Caucasus, Transcaucasus
Continental: Europe
- Regional: Southeastern Europe
  - Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Krym, Turkey-in-Europe, Ukraine, Yugoslavia
Continental: Africa
- Regional: Northern Africa
  - Egypt
- Extinct in:
  - Jawa
- Introduced into:
  - Alabama, Alaska, Alberta, Algeria, Amur, Antipodean Is., Arizona, Arkansas, Assam, Austria, Baleares, Baltic States, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, British Columbia, California, Cameroon, Canary Is., Cape Provinces, Central African Repu, Central European Rus, Chad, Chile South, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Colombia, Colorado, Connecticut, Corse, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, District of Columbia, Dominican Republic, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, East Himalaya, Ecuador, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, Florida, France, Georgia, Germany, Great Britain, Greenland, Guatemala, Gulf of Guinea Is., Gulf States, Guyana, Haiti, Hawaii, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Jawa, Kamchatka, Kansas, Kentucky, Kenya, Khabarovsk, Korea, Kriti, Kuwait, Lesser Sunda Is., Libya, Louisiana, Madeira, Maine, Malaya, Mali, Manchuria, Manitoba, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mauritania, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Mongolia, Montana, Morocco, Myanmar, Nansei-shoto, Nebraska, Nepal, Netherlands, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Caledonia, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, New Zealand North, New Zealand South, Newfoundland, Niger, Nigeria, North Carolina, North European Russi, Northern Provinces, Northwest European R, Northwest Territorie, Norway, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oman, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Prince Edward I., Puerto Rico, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Rodrigues, Romania, Rwanda, Sakhalin, Sardegna, Saskatchewan, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Sinai, Somalia, South Australia, South Carolina, South Dakota, South European Russi, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sumatera, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tanzania, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Tibet, Tunisia, Uganda, Uruguay, Utah, Venezuela, Vermont, Victoria, Vietnam, Virginia, Washington, West Siberia, West Virginia, Western Australia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Yemen, Yukon, Zambia, Zaïre, Zimbabwe

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2^nd Edition

References

Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 85. Reference page.

Additional references

Goncharov, N.P. 2011. Genus Triticum L. taxonomy: the present and the future. Plant Systematics and Evolution 295(1): 1-11. DOI: 10.1007/s00606-011-0480-9 ResearchGate Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Triticum in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Sept. 21. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2013. Triticum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 21 Sept. 2013.
International Plant Names Index. 2013. Triticum. Published online. Accessed: 21. Sept. 2013.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Triticum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 23 March 2006.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Triticum. .

Vernacular names

aragonés: Trigo
العربية: قمح
žemaitėška: Kvėitē
български: Пшеница
বাংলা: গম
català: Blat
čeština: Pšenice
Cymraeg: Gwenith
dansk: Hvede
Deutsch: Weizen
English: Wheat
Esperanto: Tritiko
español: Trigo
فارسی: گندم
suomi: Vehnät
Nordfriisk: Wiaten
français: Blé
galego: Trigo
Avañe'ẽ: Avati mirĩ
עברית: חיטה
हिन्दी: गेहूँ
hrvatski: Pšenica
Kreyòl ayisyen: Ble
magyar: Búza
Bahasa Indonesia: Gandum
Ido: Frumento
íslenska: Hveiti
italiano: Frumento, Grano
日本語: コムギ属
Jawa: Gandum
한국어: 밀
kurdî: Genim
Ligure: Gran
Līvõ kēļ: Niʼzzõd
lietuvių: Kvietys
македонски: Пченица
Nederlands: tarwe
norsk nynorsk: Kveite
norsk: Hvete
occitan: Blat
ирон: Мæнæу
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ: ਕਣਕ
Deitsch: Weeze
polski: Pszenica
português: Trigo
Runa Simi: Triyu
romani čhib: Giv
română: Grâu
русский: Пшеница
sicilianu: Furmentu
slovenčina: Pšenica
slovenščina: Pšenica
српски / srpski: Пшеница
svenska: Veten
Kiswahili: Ngano
தமிழ்: கோதுமை
тоҷикӣ: Гандум
ไทย: ข้าวสาลี
Türkçe: Buğday
українська: Пшениця
Tiếng Việt: Lúa mì
walon: Frumint
ייִדיש: ווייץ
中文（简体）: 小麦属
中文（繁體）: 小麥屬
閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú: Be̍h-á

For more multimedia, look at Triticum on Wikimedia Commons.