Kamakura, Kanagawa

Transcriptions
Kamakura
Japanese name
Kanji	鎌倉市
Hiragana	かまくらし
Katakana	カマクラシ
Romanization
Transcriptions
Romanization	Kamakura-shi

Kamakura (鎌倉市, Kamakura-shi) is a city in Kanagawa, Japan. It is about 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of Tokyo.^[1] It was the functioning capital of Japan during the Kamakura period (1203-1333).^[2]

In 1250, Kamakura was the 4th largest city in the world with 200,000 people.^[3] The other two large cities in Japan at this time were Kyoto and Nara.^[4]

Kamakura was made a municipality on November 3, 1939.

Today, Kamakura is famous as an upper-class area for people to live. This is because of the history and because it is close to the mountains and the sea.

History

1192 (Kenkyū 3, 12th day of the 7th month): Kamakura Shogunate founded by Minamoto no Yoritomo^[5]

1252 (Kenchō 4): Large bronze statue of Buddha is completed.^[6]

1293 (Einin 1, 4th month): A severe earthquake; fatalities in Kamakura were estimated to be 10,000 people.^[7]

1923 (Taishō 12): Sagami Bay was the center of the Great Kantō earthquake. The disaster caused widespread damage in the region.^[8] Fatalities in Kamakura were more than 2,000 victims.^[9]

Tourism

Kamakura has many Buddhist temples. The huge outdoor bronze statue of Buddha at Kamakura is world famous.^[10]

Crowds at the Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū shrine at Kamakura.

The city has many Shinto shrines, including

Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū Shinto shrine

Tsurugaoka Hachimangu Shrine is one of the three major Hachimangu located in Kamakura. It is the most popular spot in Kamakura, especially, Yabusame in September is very famous. Tsurugaoka Hachimangu was built in 1063 and became the capital and center of Kamakura Government established by Minamoto no Yoritomo. Turugaoka Hachiman-gu has many beautiful maple and ginkgo trees. In autumn, the vew at this shrine is nice.^[11] In June, hydrangeas grow. Many temples have beautiful gardens of hydrangeas. The Hase temple is the most well-known of these temples.^[12]

Sister cities

Kamakura has international sister cities.

Nice in France^[1]
Dunhuang in the People's Republic of China^[1]

References

"Amida Buddha," LaFarge, 1883

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 "Kamakura, Kanagawa city web page". Archived from the original on 2008-04-02. Retrieved 2010-03-28.
↑ Hall. John Whitney. (1991). Japan: From Prehistory to Modern Times, pp. 86, 114.
↑ Cities, Empires and Global State Formation, Institute for Research on World-Systems
↑ Hall, p. 123.
↑ Hall, p. 359; Kitagawa et al. (1975). The Tale of the Heike, p. 788.
↑ Kate Tsubata (May 25, 2008). "The Great Buddha at Kamakura". The Washington Times.
↑ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 273.
↑ Hammer, Joshua. (2006). Yokohama Burning: the Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II, p. 278.
↑ Hammer, pp. 115-116.
↑ "Kotoku-in" ("The Great Buddha"), Kamakura Today. Archived 2012-06-07 at the Wayback Machine 2002.
↑ Yahoo Kouyou^{[permanent dead link]}
↑ "Today". Archived from the original on 2013-07-12. Retrieved 2013-11-26.

Other websites

Rudyard Kipling poem, "The Buddha at Kamakura", 1892
Official web site Archived 2009-12-08 at the Wayback Machine
Kamakura's Daibutsu Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine
Kamakura's History - Chronological table Archived 2009-05-17 at the Wayback Machine
Kamakura travel guide from Wikivoyage
Geographic data related to Kamakura, Kanagawa at OpenStreetMap

35°19′N 139°33′E / 35.317°N 139.550°E / 35.317; 139.550

[kanagawa_city-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 "Kamakura, Kanagawa city web page". Archived from the original on 2008-04-02. Retrieved 2010-03-28.

[2] Hall. John Whitney. (1991). Japan: From Prehistory to Modern Times, pp. 86, 114.

[3] Cities, Empires and Global State Formation, Institute for Research on World-Systems

[4] Hall, p. 123.

[5] Hall, p. 359; Kitagawa et al. (1975). The Tale of the Heike, p. 788.

[6] Kate Tsubata (May 25, 2008). "The Great Buddha at Kamakura". The Washington Times.

[7] Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, p. 273.

[8] Hammer, Joshua. (2006). Yokohama Burning: the Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II, p. 278.

[9] Hammer, pp. 115-116.

[10] "Kotoku-in" ("The Great Buddha"), Kamakura Today. Archived 2012-06-07 at the Wayback Machine 2002.

[11] Yahoo Kouyou^{[permanent dead link]}

[12] "Today". Archived from the original on 2013-07-12. Retrieved 2013-11-26.

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