Electoral Palatinate

Electoral Palatinate (German: Kurpfalz, Bavarian: Kurpfoiz) was a palatinate in the Holy Roman Empire. It lasted from 1085–1803.

Electorate of the Palatinate Kurfürstentum Pfalz
1085–1803
Flag (1604 design) Coat of arms (1356–1803)
Territory of the Electoral Palatinate in 1618, prior to the Thirty Years' War
Status	Electorate
Capital	Heidelberg (1085–1690) Düsseldorf (1690–1720) Mannheim (1720–1803)
Common languages	German
Religion	Dominant confession among the population was Roman Catholic (1085–1556), Lutheran (1556–1563) and Calvinist (1563–1803). Elector was Roman Catholic until the 1530s, then Lutheran until 1559, then Calvinist until 1575, then again Lutheran until 1583, then again Calvinist until 1685, and then again Roman Catholic since 1685.
Government	Hereditary monarchy
Elector
• 1085–1095	Henry of Laach (first)
• 1799–1803	Maximilian Joseph (last)
Historical era	Middle Ages/ Renaissance
• Demotion of the Count Palatine of Lotharingia	1085
• Confirmed as Electorate	10 January 1356
• Peace of Westphalia	15 May – 24 October 1648
• Subsumption by Bavaria	30 December 1777
• Treaty of Lunéville	9 February 1801
• Annexed by Baden	27 April 1803
Preceded by Succeeded by Rhenish Franconia Margraviate of the Nordgau Palatinate-Sulzbach Palatinate-Neuburg Electorate of Baden First French Empire Kingdom of Bavaria
Today part of	Germany  France