Abkhazia

Abkhazia ^[4] is an unrecognised country in the Caucasus.

Republic of Abkhazia Аҧсны / Apsny (Abkhaz) აფხაზეთი / Apkhazeti (Georgian) Абхазия / Abkhaziya (Russian)
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: Аиааира (Abkhaz) Aiaaira Victory
Map of Abkhazia
Location of Abkhazia
Capital and largest city	Sukhumi
Official languages	Abkhaz, Russian1
Non-official languages	Armenian, Georgian, Mingrelian2
Demonym(s)	Abkhaz, Abkhazian
Government	Unitary republic
• President	Aslan Bzhania
• Vice President	Badr Gunba
• Prime Minister	Alexander Ankvab
Partially recognised independence from Georgia and the Soviet Union[1][2][3]
• Georgian annulment of all Soviet-era laws and treaties	20 June 1990
• Declaration of sovereignty3	25 August 1990
• Georgian declaration of independence	9 April 1991
• Dissolution of Soviet Union	26 December 1991
• Reinstatement of 1925 Constitution	23 July 1992
• New Constitution	26 November 1994
• Referendum	3 October 1999
• Act of state independence4	12 October 1999
• First international recognition5	26 August 2008
Area
• Total	8,432 km2 (3,256 sq mi)
Population
• Estimate	Between 157,000 and 190,0006 180,0007
• 2015 census	243,000
• Density	29/km2 (75.1/sq mi)
Currency	Russian ruble8 (RUB)
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK)
Driving side	right
Russian has co-official status and widespread use by government and other institutions. Mingrelian is spoken largely in the Gali district. Anulled by the Georgian Soviet immediately after. Establishing retro-actively de jure independence since the 1992-1993 war. By Russia. Only since followed by Nicaragua. International Crisis Group 2006 estimate. Encyclopædia Britannica 2007 estimate. De facto currency, several commemorative coins in Abkhazian own currency, Abkhazian apsar (ru:Апсар) were issued.

The country fought a war with Georgia for its independence in 1991, the Georgian–Abkhaz conflict. Since its declaration of independence from Georgia in 1991, it has been ruled by the partly-recognized Republic of Abkhazia.^{[5][6][7][8][9][10]}

Georgia believes Abkhazia is part of its territory and has listed the province, in its official subdivisions, as an autonomous republic On 28 August 2008, the Parliament of Georgia passed a resolution declaring Abkhazia a "Russian-occupied territory".^[11][12]

The Republic of Abkhazia, with Sukhumi as its capital, is formally recognised by Russia and by Nicaragua, and the de facto independent republics of South Ossetia and Transnistria.^[13] The European Union, OSCE, and NATO recognise Abkhazia as an integral part of the territory of Georgia.^{[14][15][16][17]}

The secessionist movement of the Abkhaz minority led to the Georgian–Abkhaz conflict. The War in Abkhazia resulted in a Georgian military defeat and the mass exodus and ethnic cleansing of the Georgian population from Abkhazia.

There was a 1994 ceasefire agreement. There is a UN-monitored and Russian-dominated CIS peacekeeping operation. The sovereignty dispute has not been resolved. The dispute is a source of conflict between Georgia and Russia.