A major goal of neuroscience is understanding how neurons arrange themselves into neural
networks that result in behavior. Most theoretical and experimental efforts have focused on a
top-down approach which seeks to identify neuronal correlates of behaviors. This has been
accomplished by effectively mapping specific behaviors to distinct neural patterns, or by
creating computational models that produce a desired behavioral outcome. Nonetheless,
these approaches have only implicitly considered the fact that neural tissue, like any other�…

1 Neurosystems Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute,
Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2 School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Cell
Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 3 Cellular and Molecular
Neurobiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Neuroscience Institute,
Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 4 Motor Control Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine,
Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 5 Department of�…