Reba inkomoko ya Itungo

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Ushobora kureba no gukoporora inkomoko y'uru rupapuro.
[[Dosiye:Sheep lounging in the shade of a tree with matriarch standing guard.jpg|thumb|intama ]]
[[Dosiye:Transhumance moutons chèvres Lille 19 mai 2019 Lamiot d 22.jpg|thumb|ihene]]
[[Dosiye:Goats in Ninh Hải, Ninh Binh province, Vietnam, 20240201 1521 4871.jpg|thumb|Ihene]]
[[Dosiye:Ganado vacuno (Bos primigenius taurus) en Dolores Hidalgo, Guanajuato.jpg|thumb|Inka]]
'''Itungo''' (''ubuke'' : '''Amatungo''' )

== Intama n’ihene ==
[[Dosiye:Susya-goats-farm--dairy---daroma_28703517684_o_17.jpg|thumb|Amatungo magufi afasha abaturage kwiteza imbere (ihene)]]
Ihene n’intama zifatwa nk’inka z’abakene kubera ko zitanga inyama, amata , impu n’imyenda bihagije ku byo umworozi aba acyeneye iwe, binashobotse akaba yasagurira isoko kubisigaye. Hari impamvu nyinshi ziri nyamanswa ziboneye kurusha inka k’uborozi bato. Zirahendutse muu kuzigura kandi kuzibona ziroroshye kurusha inka.
*zibyara vuba, kandi kenshi n’abana benshi
*[[Dosiye:Kugaburira ingurube.jpg|thumb|Ingurube]]zitanga ingano y’inyama, amata, impu, imyenda icungikwa mu kuribwa cyangwa kugurisha. Zifite ubushobozi bwo gukomeza kubaho zirya ibiryo bibi no mu gihe gito.
*zimenyereza byoroshye ku  myaka no kuyandi matungo
*ubuto bwazo butuma byorohera abagore n’abana kuzicunga.
Aya matungo kandi atuma uzigama ukaninjiza muburyo bworoshye. Aho aborozi batagera ku ma banki, ihene n’intama ni ishoramari ribarinda kugwa mu bukene.

== Amoko y’amatungo==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="width: 12em;" | Amoko !!Itariki!! Ahantu !! Purpose
|-
|-
|valign="top"| [[Imbwa]]</br>(''Canis lupus familiaris'')
|15,000 BC <ref name="dog">en:Origin of the domestic dog</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Afurika y’uburasizuba ]]
| style="text-align:center;"|hunting, shepherding, herding, companionship, pest control, inyama, transportation
|-
|valign="top"| [[Intama]]</br>(''Ovis orientalis aries'')
|between 11,000 BC and 9000 BC<ref>Krebs, Robert E. & Carolyn A. (2003). Groundbreaking Scientific Experiments, Inventions & Discoveries of the Ancient World. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press</ref><ref name="storey">Simmons, Paula; Carol Ekarius (2001). Storey's Guide to Raising Sheep. North Adams, MA: Storey Publishing LLC</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Southwest Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|wool, inyama, amata, leather, vellum
|-
|valign="top"| [[Ingurube]]</br>(''Sus scrofa domestica'')
|9000 BC<ref>Giuffra E, Kijas JM, Amarger V, Carlborg O, Jeon JT, Andersson L (April 2000). </ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Near East]], [[Ubushinwa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, leather, companionship
|-
|valign="top"| [[Ihene]]</br>(''Capra aegagrus hircus'')
|8000 BC <ref>Melinda A. Zeder, [https://web.archive.org/web/20120204221312/http://web.utk.edu/~persian/goat.htm Goat busters track domestication] (Physiologic changes and evolution of goats into a domesticated animal), April 2000.</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Irani]]
| style="text-align:center;"|amata, inyama
|-
|valign="top"| [[Inka]]</br>(''Bos primigenius taurus'') captive-bred
|8000 BC<ref>{{Cite web |title=Late Neolithic megalithic structures at Nabta Playa (Sahara), southwestern Egypt. |url=http://www.comp-archaeology.org/WendorfSAA98.html |accessdate=2011-04-03 |archive-date=2010-10-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101009235228/http://www.comp-archaeology.org/WendorfSAA98.html |deadurl=yes }}</ref><ref>Source : Laboratoire de Préhistoire et
Protohistoire de l'Ouest de la France [https://web.archive.org/web/20090626225631/http://palissy.humana.univ-nantes.fr/LABOS/UMR/serveur/recherche/pruvost.html], {{fr icon}}.</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ubuhinde]], [[Middle East]] na [[Sub-Saharan Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, amata, leather, muscle, vellum, transportation, soil fertilization
|-
|-
|valign="top"|[[Zebu]]</br>(''Bos primigenius indicus'')
|8000 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|Ubuhinde
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, amata, leather, muscle, vellum, transportation, soil fertilization
|-
|valign="top"| [[Injangwe]]</br>(''Felis silvestris catus'')
|7500 BC <ref>''[http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/04/0408_040408_oldestpetcat.html]'', domestication of the cat on Cyprus, National Geographic.</ref><ref>{{cite web | title = Oldest Known Pet Cat? 95DOGGIES00-Year-Old Burial Found on Cyprus | url = http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/04/0408_040408_oldestpetcat.html | accessdate = 2007-03-06 |date=2004-04-08 | publisher = National Geographic News}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Hazel  |last=Muir
 |title=Ancient remains could be oldest pet cat |url=http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn4867.html |publisher=[[New Scientist]] |date=2004-04-08  |accessdate=2007-11-23 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Marsha |last=Walton |title=Ancient burial looks like human and pet cat |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2004/TECH/science/04/08/cats.cyprus/index.html |publisher=CNN |date=April 9, 2004 |accessdate=2007-11-23 |archive-date=2007-12-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071222092756/http://edition.cnn.com/2004/TECH/science/04/08/cats.cyprus/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Near East]]
| style="text-align:center;"|pest control, companionship
|-
|valign="top"| [[Inkoko]]</br>(''Gallus gallus domesticus'')
|6000 BC<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1079/WPS19890012 |author=West B., Zhou B-X. |title=Did chickens go north? New evidence for domestication |journal=World’s Poultry Science Journal |volume=45 |issue=3 |pages=205–18 |year=1989 |format=PDF |url=http://www.adelaide.edu.au/ANZCCART/publications/dom_chicken.pdf |accessdate=2011-04-03 |archive-date=2004-07-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040729044604/http://www.adelaide.edu.au/ANZCCART/publications/dom_chicken.pdf |deadurl=yes }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ubuhinde]] and [[Southeast Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;"| inyama, amagi, feathers
|-
|valign="top"|[[Guinea pig]]</br>(''Cavia porcellus'')
|5000 BC<ref>[http://cavyhistory.tripod.com/ ''History of the Guinea Pig'' (Cavia porcellus) ''in Amerika y’Epfo, a summary of the current state of knowledge'']</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Peru]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, companionship
|-
|valign="top"|[[Indogoba]]</br>(''Equus africanus asinus'')
|5000 BC<ref>{{cite journal |author=Beja-Pereira, Albano, ''et al.'' |title=African Origins of the Domestic Donkey |journal=Science |volume=304 |issue=1781 |date=18 June 2004 |laysummary=[http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn6032 ''New Scientist'']}}</ref><reseoger h, {{PDFlink|''[http://www.animaltraction.net/donkeys/donkeys-blench-history.pdf The history and spread of donkeys in Africa]''|235&nbsp;KB}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Misiri]]
| style="text-align:center;"|transportation, muscle, inyama
|-
|valign="top"|[[Igishuhe]]</br>(''Anas platyrhynchos domesticus'')
|4000 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ubushinwa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama/fat
|-
|valign="top"|[[Domestic buffalo|Water buffalo]]</br>(''Bubalus bubalis'')
|4000 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ubuhinde]], [[Ubushinwa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|muscle, inyama, amata
|-
|valign="top"|[[Uruyuki]]</br>(''Apis spp.'')
|4000 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|Multiple places
| style="text-align:center;"|honey, pollination, inyama
|-
|valign="top"|[[Ifarashi ]]</br>(''Equus ferus caballus'')
|4000 BC<ref>[http://www.imh.org/imh/kyhpl1b.html The Domestication of the Horse]; see also [[Domestication of the horse]]</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Eurasian Steppes]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, transportation, muscle, amata
|-
|valign="top"|[[Dromedary Camel]]</br>(''Camelus dromedarius'')
|4000 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Arabiya]]
| style="text-align:center;"|transportation, muscle, amata, inyama
|-
|valign="top"|[[Silkworm]]</br>(''Bombyx mori'')
|3000 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ubushinwa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|silk, companionship
|-
|valign="top"|[[Reindeer]]</br>(''Rangifer tarandus'')
|3000 BC <ref>{{Cite web |title=Domestication of Reindeer |url=http://explorenorth.com/library/weekly/aa080798.htm |accessdate=2011-04-03 |archive-date=2009-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090316042918/http://explorenorth.com/library/weekly/aa080798.htm |deadurl=yes }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Uburusiya]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, amata, muscle, antlers
|-
|valign="top"|[[Domestic pigeon|Rock pigeon]]</br>(''Columba livia'')
|3000 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Mediterranean Basin]]
| style="text-align:center;"|show, messenger, inyama
|-
|valign="top"|[[Domestic goose|Goose]]</br>(''Anser anser domesticus'')
|3000 BC <ref>[http://www.fao.org/docrep/V6200T/v6200T0n.htm Geese: the underestimated species<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Misiri]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama/fat, feathers, guarding
|-
|valign="top"|[[Yak]]</br>(''Bos grunniens'')
|2500 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Tibeti]]
| style="text-align:center;"|amata, muscle, inyama, wool
|-
|valign="top"|[[Bactrian camel]]</br>(''Camelus bactrianus'')
|2500 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Central Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|amata, transportation, inyama
|-
|valign="top"|[[Lama]]</br>(''Lama glama'')
|2400 BC <ref name="wichita1">D.L  Johnson and B.K. Swartz, Jr. ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20200110013505/https://soar.wichita.edu/dspace/bitstream/10057/1824/1/LAJ+2B21_p42-54.pdf Evidence for Pre-Columbian Animal Domestication in the New World]''</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Peru]]
| style="text-align:center;"|transportation, muscle, inyama
|-
|valign="top"|[[Alpaca]]</br>(''Vicugna pacos'')
|2400 BC <ref name="wichita1"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Peru]]
| style="text-align:center;"|amata, transportation, wool, inyama
|-
|valign="top"|[[Helmeted Guineafowl|Guineafowl]]</br>(''Numida meleagris'')
|2400 BC <ref>{{Cite web |title=Guinea Fowl |url=http://www.thecozynest.com/guinea_fowl.htm |accessdate=2011-04-03 |archive-date=2010-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100623052252/http://www.thecozynest.com/guinea_fowl.htm |deadurl=yes }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Afurika]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, amagi
|-
|valign="top"|[[Asian Elephant]]</br>(''Elephas maximus'')
|2000 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Pakisitani]]
| style="text-align:center;"|muscle, transportation
|-
|valign="top"|[[Ferret]]</br>(''Mustela putorius furo'')
|1500 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Burayi]]
| style="text-align:center;"|hunting, companionship
|-
|valign="top"|[[Fancy mouse]]</br>(''Mus musculus'')
|1100 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ubushinwa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|companionship
|-
|valign="top"|[[Fallow Deer]]</br>(''Dama dama'')
|1000 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Mediterranean Basin]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, antlers
|-
|valign="top"|[[Muscovy Duck]]</br>(''Cairina moschata'')
|700–600 BC <ref name="wichita1"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Amerika y’Epfo]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama/fat
|-
|valign="top"|[[Cochineal Insect]]</br>(''Oactylopius coccus'')
|700–500 BC <ref name="wichita1"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Shili]], [[Megizike]]
| style="text-align:center;"|red dye
|-
|valign="top"|[[Indian Peafowl]]</br>(''Pavo cristatus'')
|500 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ubuhinde]]
| style="text-align:center;"|show, feathers, inyama
|-
|valign="top"|[[Barbary Dove]]</br>(''Streptopelia risoria'')
|500 BC
| style="text-align:center;"|[[North Africa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|show
|-
|valign="top"|[[Banteng]]</br>(''Bos javanicus'')
|Unknown
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Southeast Asia]], [[Java]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, amata, muscle
|-
|valign="top"|[[Gayal]]</br>(''Bos gaurus frontalis'')
|Unknown
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Southeast Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, muscle
|-
|valign="top"|[[Mandarin Duck]]</br>(''Aix galericulata'')
|Unknown
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ubushinwa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, fat
|-
|valign="top"|[[Dendo]]</br>(''Meleagris gallopavo'')
|180 AD <ref name="wichita1"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Megizike]], [[Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, feathers
|-
|valign="top"|[[Stingless Bee]]</br>(''Melipona beecheii'')
|180 AD <ref name="wichita1"/>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Megizike]], [[Amazon Basin]]
| style="text-align:center;"|honey
|-
|valign="top"|[[Goldfish]]</br>(''Carassius auratus auratus'')
|300–400 
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ubushinwa]]
| style="text-align:center;"|companionship
|-
|valign="top"|[[Urukwavu]]</br>(''Oryctolagus cuniculus'')
|600 <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.albc-usa.org/news/sept1a_05.html |title=Interesting Rabbit Domestication History |access-date=2011-04-03 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304061915/http://www.albc-usa.org/news/sept1a_05.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Burayi]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, fur, felt, companionship
|-
|valign="top"|[[Mute Swan]]</br>(''Cygnus olor'')
|1000–1500
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Burayi]]
| style="text-align:center;"|
|-
|valign="top"|[[Japanese Quail]]</br>(''Coturnix japonica'')
|1100–1900
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ubuyapani]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama
|-
|valign="top"|[[Common carp]]</br>(''Cyprinus carpio'')
|1200–1500 
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Burayi]], [[East Asia]]
| style="text-align:center;"|inyama, show (koi)
|-
|valign="top"|[[Canary]]</br>(''Serinus canaria'')
|1600
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Canary Islands]], [[Burayi]]
| style="text-align:center;"|companionship
|-
|valign="top"|[[Fancy rat]]</br>(''Rattus norvegicus'')
|19th century
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ubwongereza]]
| style="text-align:center;"|companionship
|-
|valign="top"|[[Burayian Mink]]</br>(''Mustela lutreola'')
|19th century
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Burayi]]
| style="text-align:center;"|fur
|-
|valign="top"|[[Budgerigar]]</br>(''Melopsittacus undulatus'')
|1850s
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ositaraliya]]
|rowspan=3 style="text-align:center;"|companionship
|-
|valign="top"|[[Cockatiel]]</br>(''Nymphicus hollandicus'')
|1870s
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ositaraliya]]
|-
|valign="top"|[[Zebra Finch]]</br>(''Taeniopygia guttata'')
|20th century
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Ositaraliya]]
|-
|valign="top"|[[Hamster]]</br>(''Mesocricetus auratus'')
|1930s
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Siriya]]
| style="text-align:center;"|companionship, research
|-
|valign="top"|[[Domesticated silver fox]]</br>(''Vulpes vulpes'')
|1950s
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Repubulika Zunze Ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti]]
| style="text-align:center;"|fur, research
|-
|valign="top"|[[Muskox]]</br>(''Ovibos moschatus'')
|1960s
| style="text-align:center;"|[[Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika]]
| style="text-align:center;"|muscle, inyama, amata
|}

==  Notes  == 
<references/>


[[Category:Amatungo]]
Garuka kuri Itungo.
Garura kuri "https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itungo"