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Review
. 2024 Apr 1;14(4):461.
doi: 10.3390/life14040461.

Role of Immune Cells and Immunotherapy in Multiple Myeloma

Vijay Radhakrishnan  1 , Upendarrao Golla  2 , Avinash Kundadka Kudva  3   4
Affiliations
Review

Role of Immune Cells and Immunotherapy in Multiple Myeloma

Vijay Radhakrishnan et al. Life (Basel). .

Abstract

The clinical signs of multiple myeloma, a plasma cell (PC) dyscrasia, include bone loss, renal damage, and paraproteinemia. It can be defined as the uncontrolled growth of malignant PCs within the bone marrow. The distinctive bone marrow milieu that regulates the progression of myeloma disease involves interactions between plasma and stromal cells, and myeloid and lymphoid cells. These cells affect the immune system independently or because of a complicated web of interconnections, which promotes disease development and immune evasion. Due to the importance of these factors in the onset of disease, various therapeutic strategies have been created that either target or improve the immunological processes that influence disease progression. The immune system has a role in the mechanism of action of multiple myeloma treatments. The main contributions of immune cells to the bone marrow microenvironment, as well as how they interact and how immune regulation might lead to therapeutic effects, are covered in this study.

Keywords: CAR T-cell; bone marrow microenvironment; immune cells; immune checkpoint inhibitors; immune escape; immunotherapy; multiple myeloma; proteasome.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Graphical representation of different immune cells and their regulation in myeloma. Modulation of immune cell function by immunotherapy agents (IMiDs—immunomodulatory drugs; ICIs—immune checkpoint inhibitors) is used for multiple myeloma treatment.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.

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