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Review
. 2016 Jul 18;17(7):1151.
doi: 10.3390/ijms17071151.

A Mini-Review for Cancer Immunotherapy: Molecular Understanding of PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway & Translational Blockade of Immune Checkpoints

Yongshu Li  1   2   3 , Fangfei Li  4   5   6 , Feng Jiang  7   8   9   10   11 , Xiaoqing Lv  12   13   14   15 , Rongjiang Zhang  16   17   18 , Aiping Lu  19   20   21   22 , Ge Zhang  23   24   25   26
Affiliations
Review

A Mini-Review for Cancer Immunotherapy: Molecular Understanding of PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway & Translational Blockade of Immune Checkpoints

Yongshu Li et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Interference of the binding of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has become a new inspiring immunotherapy for resisting cancers. To date, the FDA has approved two PD-1 monoclonal antibody drugs against cancer as well as a monoclonal antibody for PD-L1. More PD-1 and PD-L1 monoclonal antibody drugs are on their way in clinical trials. In this review, we focused on the mechanism of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway and the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against PD-1 and PD-L1, which were approved by the FDA or are still in clinical trials. And also presented is the prospect of the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade in the next generation of immunotherapy.

Keywords: Immunotherapy; PD-1 (Programmed cell death protein 1); PD-L1 (Programmed death-ligand 1); monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Nivolumab clinical trials in a variety of cancers.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pembrolizumab clinical trials in varieties of cancer.
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