Lutheranisme

Lut[h]eranisme ialah sebuah mazhab atau cabang gereja utama dalam Agama Kristian yang berkait kepada ajaran Martin Luther, seorang agamawan abad ke-16 yang memulakan suatu pergerakan pembaharuan agama sangat berpengaruh melalui penulisan 95 Dalilnya sehingga menyebabkan suatu perpecahan doktrin dalam dunia Kristian.^[1]

Gereja ini banyak ditemui dengan jutaan penganut (diberi nama Luteran) di serata dunia.^[2] Persekutuan Luteran Sedunia menganggarkan sebanyak leibh 74 juta orang yang berada dalam gereja ini,^[3] namun ia tidak mengira gereja-gereja bermazhab ini yang tidak memasuki persekutuan ini secara rasmi mahupun tidak mengiktiraf diri sebagai gereja Luteran.^[4] Mazhab gereja ini merupakan agama rasmi di beberapa negara Nordik tertentu iaitu Iceland, Norway, Denmark, Greenland dan Kepulauan Faroe.

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Doktrin

Secara tradisinya, para penganut gereja ini mengiktiraf kitab-kitab Perjanjian Lama dan Baru sahaja sebagai suatu penurunan wahyu yang sebenar serta norma yang diterima dalam ajaran yang disebarkan oleh Yesus Kristus.^[5] Kepercayaan para penganut ini didasarkan secara formalnya kepada fahaman bahawa kitab suci sahaja yang dipakai sebagai pedoman untuk amalan dan peraturan (Sola scriptura) - maka ia juga diiktiraf sebagai suatu rujukan utama berkaitan keimanan dan moral penganut kerana ciri inspirasi, kuasa, kejelasan, kecekapan dan kecukupan kandungan yang tertulis dalam kitab-kitab tersebut.^[6]

Tritunggal

Para penganut mazhab ini berkepercayaan kepada konsep Tritunggal. Mereka menolak tanggapan bahawa Tuhan Bapa dan Tuhan Anak merupakan "wajah" kepada Tuhan yang sama kerana mereka berdasarkan kepada kitab-kitab Perjanjian Lama dan Baru yang membezakan dua entiti ini secara khusus dan terperinci.^[7] Penganut Luteranisme juga percaya bahawa Roh Kudus berasal daripada kedua-dua Tuhan Bapa dan Tuhan Anak.^[8]

Pembaptisan

Para Luteran percaya bahawa amalan pembaptisan ialah suatu amalan yang dilihat menyelamatkan (saving work of God)^[9] di mana ia dipercayai termaktub dan di oleh Yesus sendiri.^[10]

Perjamuan Suci

Orang Luteran percaya bahawa jasad dan darah Yesus itu ada "dalam, bersama dan melalui bentuk" bahan roti dan wain yang diperjamukan kepada sesiapa sahaja yang menjamah kedua-dua bahan ini.^[11]

Amalan

Rujukan

^ MSN Encarta, s.v. "Lutheranism Diarkibkan 2009-01-31 di Wayback Machine" by George Wolfgang Forell; Christian Cyclopedia, s.v. "Reformation, Lutheran" by Lueker, E. et. al. Archived 2009-10-31. Lutherans believe that the Roman Catholic Church is not the same as the original Christian church.
^ "About Us". Lutheran Church of New Zealand. Dicapai pada 5 March 2015. However, some Lutherans disagree with the way the Lutheran World Federation arrives at this number, as millions of them actually come from bodies that are largely Reformed, but include some Lutherans. For more information on this, see: William Schumacher, "Theological Observer: How Many Lutherans?" Diarkibkan 10 Jun 2007 di Wayback Machine, Concordia Journal April 2005, "Archived copy" (PDF). Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 10 Jun 2007. Dicapai pada 8 Disember 2007. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ "Member Churches". The Lutheran World Federation. Dicapai pada 5 March 2015.
^ "Archived copy". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 15 Julai 2012. Dicapai pada 22 Julai 2012. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link), The Lutheran World Federation
^ For the traditional Lutheran view of the Bible, see Graebner, Augustus Lawrence (1910). Outlines Of Doctrinal Theology. Saint Louis, MO: Concordia Publishing House. m/s. 3ff. ISBN 978-0-524-04891-7. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 12 July 2006. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan). For an overview of the doctrine of verbal inspiration in Lutheranism, see Inspiration, Doctrine of in the Christian Cyclopedia.
^ Graebner, Augustus Lawrence (1910). Outlines Of Doctrinal Theology. Saint Louis, MO: Concordia Publishing House. m/s. 7ff. ISBN 978-0-524-04891-7. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 12 July 2006. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan), Engelder, Theodore E.W. (1934). Popular Symbolics: The Doctrines of the Churches of Christendom and Of Other Religious Bodies Examined in the Light of Scripture. Saint Louis, MO: Concordia Publishing House. m/s. 29.
^ Is. 63:8–9, Mueller, J.T., Christian Dogmatics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934. pp. 158–160, section "The Doctrine of God", part 5. "The Holy Trinity Revealed in the Old Testament",Heb. 1:5, see Engelder, T.E.W., Popular Symbolics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934. pp. 33–36, Part VI. "The Trinity".
^ The Nicene Creed and the Filioque: A Lutheran Approach by Rev. David Webber for more information
^ 1 Pet. 3:21, Mueller, J.T., Christian Dogmatics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934. pp. 491–496, section "The Doctrine of Baptism", part 4. "Baptism a True Means of Grace", and Engelder, T.E.W., Popular Symbolics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934. p. 87, Part XXIII. "Baptism", paragraph 118.
^ Martin Luther, Small Catechism 4
^ 1 Cor. 10:16, 11:20, 27, Engelder, T.E.W., Popular Symbolics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934. p. 95, Part XXIV. "The Lord's Supper", paragraph 131.

Pautan luar

Lutheranisme - Kompasiana.com

[1] MSN Encarta, s.v. "Lutheranism Diarkibkan 2009-01-31 di Wayback Machine" by George Wolfgang Forell; Christian Cyclopedia, s.v. "Reformation, Lutheran" by Lueker, E. et. al. Archived 2009-10-31. Lutherans believe that the Roman Catholic Church is not the same as the original Christian church.

[2] "About Us". Lutheran Church of New Zealand. Dicapai pada 5 March 2015. However, some Lutherans disagree with the way the Lutheran World Federation arrives at this number, as millions of them actually come from bodies that are largely Reformed, but include some Lutherans. For more information on this, see: William Schumacher, "Theological Observer: How Many Lutherans?" Diarkibkan 10 Jun 2007 di Wayback Machine, Concordia Journal April 2005, "Archived copy" (PDF). Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 10 Jun 2007. Dicapai pada 8 Disember 2007. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[3] "Member Churches". The Lutheran World Federation. Dicapai pada 5 March 2015.

[4] "Archived copy". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 15 Julai 2012. Dicapai pada 22 Julai 2012. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link), The Lutheran World Federation

[5] For the traditional Lutheran view of the Bible, see Graebner, Augustus Lawrence (1910). Outlines Of Doctrinal Theology. Saint Louis, MO: Concordia Publishing House. m/s. 3ff. ISBN 978-0-524-04891-7. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 12 July 2006. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan). For an overview of the doctrine of verbal inspiration in Lutheranism, see Inspiration, Doctrine of in the Christian Cyclopedia.

[6] Graebner, Augustus Lawrence (1910). Outlines Of Doctrinal Theology. Saint Louis, MO: Concordia Publishing House. m/s. 7ff. ISBN 978-0-524-04891-7. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 12 July 2006. Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (bantuan), Engelder, Theodore E.W. (1934). Popular Symbolics: The Doctrines of the Churches of Christendom and Of Other Religious Bodies Examined in the Light of Scripture. Saint Louis, MO: Concordia Publishing House. m/s. 29.

[7] Is. 63:8–9, Mueller, J.T., Christian Dogmatics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934. pp. 158–160, section "The Doctrine of God", part 5. "The Holy Trinity Revealed in the Old Testament",Heb. 1:5, see Engelder, T.E.W., Popular Symbolics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934. pp. 33–36, Part VI. "The Trinity".

[8] The Nicene Creed and the Filioque: A Lutheran Approach by Rev. David Webber for more information

[9] 1 Pet. 3:21, Mueller, J.T., Christian Dogmatics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934. pp. 491–496, section "The Doctrine of Baptism", part 4. "Baptism a True Means of Grace", and Engelder, T.E.W., Popular Symbolics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934. p. 87, Part XXIII. "Baptism", paragraph 118.

[10] Martin Luther, Small Catechism 4

[11] 1 Cor. 10:16, 11:20, 27, Engelder, T.E.W., Popular Symbolics. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1934. p. 95, Part XXIV. "The Lord's Supper", paragraph 131.

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