A fisherman was an individual who captured fish and lifeforms from the sea and prepared them as food.
In 2365, a hologram of James Moriarty compared himself to a fisherman and Katherine Pulaski to the worm on his hook; she was bait for Captain Jean-Luc Picard. (TNG: "Elementary, Dear Data")
A Scandinavian fisherman was among the 37's, found by the crew of the USS Voyager on a planet in the Delta Quadrant in 2371. (VOY: "The 37's")