Abstract
We consider non-universal ‘minimal’ Z′ models, whose additional U(1) charge is a non-anomalous linear combination of the weak hypercharge Y, the baryon number B and the partial lepton numbers (L e , L μ, L τ), with no exotic fermions beyond three standard families with right-handed neutrinos. We show that the observed pattern of neutrino masses and mixing can be fully reproduced by a gauge-invariant renormalizable Lagrangian, and flavor-changing neutral currents in the charged lepton sector are suppressed by a GIM mechanism. We then discuss the phenomenology of some benchmark models. The electrophilic B − 3L e model is significantly constrained by electroweak precision tests, but still allows to fit the hint of an excess observed by CDF in dielectrons but not in dimuons. The muonphilic B − 3L μ model is very mildly constrained by electroweak precision tests, so that even the very early phase of the LHC can explore significant areas of parameter space. We also discuss the hadrophobic L μ − L τ model, which has recently attracted interest in connection with some puzzling features of cosmic ray spectra.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Particle Data Group collaboration, C. Amsler et al., Review of particle physics, Phys. Lett. B 667 (2008) 1 [SPIRES].
P. Langacker, The physics of heavy Z′ gauge bosons, Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 (2008) 1199 [arXiv:0801.1345] [SPIRES].
E. Salvioni, G. Villadoro and F. Zwirner, Minimal Z′ models: present bounds and early LHC reach, JHEP 11 (2009) 068 [arXiv:0909.1320] [SPIRES].
T. Appelquist, B.A. Dobrescu and A.R. Hopper, Nonexotic neutral gauge bosons, Phys. Rev. D 68 (2003) 035012 [hep-ph/0212073] [SPIRES].
H. Burkhardt, Status of the LHC machine, plenary talk at Lepton-Photon 2009, August 16–22, Hamburg, Germany (2009), to appear in the proceedings.
M. Lamont, LHC Operations 2009/2010, talks given to the ATLAS, CMS and LHCb collaborations, August–September 2009.
M.-C. Chen, A. de Gouvêa and B.A. Dobrescu, Gauge trimming of neutrino masses, Phys. Rev. D 75 (2007) 055009 [hep-ph/0612017] [SPIRES].
M.-C. Chen and J. Huang, TeV scale seesaw and a avorful Z′ at the LHC, arXiv:0910.5029 [SPIRES].
E. Ma, Gauged B − 3L τ and radiative neutrino masses, Phys. Lett. B 433 (1998) 74 [hep-ph/9709474] [SPIRES].
S. Davidson, S. Forte, P. Gambino, N. Rius and A. Strumia, Old and new physics interpretations of the NuTeV anomaly, JHEP 02 (2002) 037 [hep-ph/0112302] [SPIRES].
X.G. He, G.C. Joshi, H. Lew and R. R. Volkas, New-Z′ phenomenology, Phys. Rev. D 43 (1991) 22 [SPIRES].
X.-G. He, G.C. Joshi, H. Lew and R.R. Volkas, Simplest Z-prime model, Phys. Rev. D 44 (1991) 2118 [SPIRES].
C. Boehm, Implications of a new light gauge boson for neutrino physics, Phys. Rev. D 70 (2004) 055007 [hep-ph/0405240] [SPIRES].
NuTeV collaboration, G.P. Zeller et al., A precise determination of electroweak parameters in neutrino nucleon scattering, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 (2002) 091802 [hep-ex/0110059] [SPIRES].
M. Cirelli, M. Kadastik, M. Raidal and A. Strumia, Model-independent implications of the e +, e −, anti-proton cosmic ray spectra on properties of dark matter, Nucl. Phys. B 813 (2009) 1 [arXiv:0809.2409] [SPIRES].
P.J. Fox and E. Poppitz, Leptophilic dark matter, Phys. Rev. D 79 (2009) 083528 [arXiv:0811.0399] [SPIRES].
X.-J. Bi, X.-G. He and Q. Yuan, Parameters in a class of leptophilic models from PAMELA, ATIC and FERMI, Phys. Lett. B 678 (2009) 168 [arXiv:0903.0122] [SPIRES].
PAMELA collaboration, O. Adriani et al., An anomalous positron abundance in cosmic rays with energies 1.5.100 GeV, Nature 458 (2009) 607 [arXiv:0810.4995] [SPIRES].
J. Chang et al., An excess of cosmic ray electrons at energies of 300–800 GeV, Nature 456 (2008) 362 [SPIRES].
The Fermi LAT collaboration, A.A. Abdo et al., Measurement of the cosmic ray e + plus e − spectrum from 20 GeV to 1 TeV with the Fermi Large Area Telescope, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 (2009) 181101 [arXiv:0905.0025] [SPIRES].
L.N. Chang, O. Lebedev, W. Loinaz and T. Takeuchi, Constraints on gauged B − 3L τ and related theories, Phys. Rev. D 63 (2001) 074013 [hep-ph/0010118] [SPIRES].
S.L. Glashow, J. Iliopoulos and L. Maiani, Weak interactions with lepton-hadron symmetry, Phys. Rev. D 2 (1970) 1285 [SPIRES].
G. Cacciapaglia, C. Csáki, G. Marandella and A. Strumia, The minimal set of electroweak precision parameters, Phys. Rev. D 74 (2006) 033011 [hep-ph/0604111] [SPIRES].
R. Barbieri, A. Pomarol, R. Rattazzi and A. Strumia, Electroweak symmetry breaking after LEP-1 and LEP-2, Nucl. Phys. B 703 (2004) 127 [hep-ph/0405040] [SPIRES].
CDF collaboration, T. Aaltonen et al., Search for high-mass e + e − resonances in \( p\overline p \) collisions at √s = 1.96 TeV, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 (2009) 031801 [arXiv:0810.2059] [SPIRES].
D0 collaboration, Search for high-mass narrow resonances in the di-electron channel at D0, D0 Note 5923-CONF (2009).
CDF collaboration, T. Aaltonen et al., A search for high-mass resonances decaying to dimuons at CDF, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 (2009) 091805 [arXiv:0811.0053] [SPIRES].
C.W. Bauer, Z. Ligeti, M. Schmaltz, J. Thaler and D.G.E. Walker, Supermodels for early LHC, arXiv:0909.5213 [SPIRES].
A. Strumia and F. Vissani, Neutrino masses and mixings and…, hep-ph/0606054 [SPIRES].
F. Jegerlehner, Essentials of the muon g − 2, Acta Phys. Polon. B 38 (2007) 3021 [hep-ph/0703125] [SPIRES].
Tevatron Electroweak Working Group collaboration, Updated combination of CDF and D0 results for the mass of the W boson, arXiv:0908.1374 [SPIRES].
Tevatron Electroweak Working Group collaboration, Combination of CDF and D0 results on the mass of the top quark, arXiv:0903.2503 [SPIRES].
S.G. Porsev, K. Beloy and A. Derevianko, Precision determination of electroweak coupling from atomic parity violation and implications for particle physics, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 (2009) 181601 [arXiv:0902.0335] [SPIRES].
M.S. Carena, A. Daleo, B.A. Dobrescu and T.M.P. Tait, Z′ gauge bosons at the Tevatron, Phys. Rev. D 70 (2004) 093009 [hep-ph/0408098] [SPIRES].
J. Erler, P. Langacker, S. Munir and E.R. Pena, Improved constraints on Z′ bosons from electroweak precision data, JHEP 08 (2009) 017 [arXiv:0906.2435] [SPIRES].
A.D. Martin, W.J. Stirling, R.S. Thorne and G. Watt, Parton distributions for the LHC, Eur. Phys. J. C 63 (2009) 189 [arXiv:0901.0002] [SPIRES].
CMS collaboration, Search for new high-mass resonances decaying to muon pairs in the CMS experiment, CMS-PAS-SBM-07-002.
The ATLAS collaboration, G. Aad et al., Expected performance of the ATLAS experiment – Detector, trigger and physics, arXiv:0901.0512 [SPIRES].
CMS collaboration, Search for high mass resonance production decaying into an electron pair in the CMS experiment, CMS-PAS-EXO-08-001.
CMS collaboration, Search for high mass resonances decaying into an electron pair in CMS at 10 TeV with 100 pb −1, CMS-PAS-EXO-09-006.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
ArXiv ePrint: 0911.1450
Rights and permissions
Open Access This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Salvioni, E., Strumia, A., Villadoro, G. et al. Non-universal minimal Z′ models: present bounds and early LHC reach. J. High Energ. Phys. 2010, 10 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2010)010
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2010)010