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[[Fasciculus:Radiation therapy.jpg|thumb|Aegra pelvem radiotherapiae obicit.]]
'''Radiotherapia''' est [[therapia]] quae [[radiatio ionizans|radiatione ionizante]] utitur, plerumque ad [[oncologia|curationem cancri]], ad [[cellula]]s [[cancer]]osas temperandas vel interficiendas. Diversae radiationes ionizantes notae sunt, quae ope vel substantiarum radioactivarum vel apparatuum radiotherapiae propriorum instituere solent. 

In medicina aestimatur radiotherapia therapia cytotoxica contra [[tumor solidus|tumores solidi]] maxime effectiva<ref>{{qc|id=Schaue et McBride (2015)}}</ref>. Tamen nonnumquam resistentia cellularum cancerosarum contra radiationem ionizantem, ''[[radioresistentia]]m'' nominatur, observatur<ref>{{qc|id=Konings et al. (2020)}}</ref>.

Quae autem cellulas sanas quoque afficere potest; ergo [[crinis|crinum]] amissionem, [[nausea]]m, et alia [[valetudo|valetudinis]] incommoda aut [[morbus|offensiones]] saepe efficit.

== Radiatio ionizans ==
{{main|Radiatio ionizans}}
Radiatio ionizans est [[radiatio|transmissio energiae tantum altae]] radiationis et/vel [[radiatio particularum|particularum]] et/vel [[Radiatio electromagnetica|electromagneticae]]. 

Applicantur in [[medicina]] radiationes ionizantes: 
* Emittis substantiis radioactiviis radiatio [[Radiatio alpha|alpha]] et [[Radiatio beta|beta]] (et plus et minus distincta), quibus ex [[nucleus atomi|nucleis atomi]] substantiarum dilabentium ("non stabilarum", ita [[radioactivitas|radioactiva]]) radiatio ionizans emittitur. Emittit: 
** Radiatio alpha ''particularum'': nucleos [[helium|helii]], ut dilabentis radii in [[radon]]: <math>{}^{224}_{88}\mathrm{Ra}</math> → <math>{}^{222}_{86}\mathrm{Rn}</math> + duo nuclei helii (2 protona et 2 neutrona)
** Radiatio beta plus ''particularum'': [[positron]] (e<sup>+</sup>), quod mutatione singulis [[proton]]i in [[neutron]] [[onus electricum|onus positivum]] abundat, ut dilabentis [[kalium|kalii]] in [[argon]]: <math>{}^{40}_{19}\mathrm{K}</math> → <math>{}^{40}_{19}\mathrm{Ar}</math> + e<sup>+</sup>
** Radiatio beta minus ''particularum'': [[electron]] (e<sup>-</sup>), quod mutatione singulis neutroni in proton onus negativum liberatur, ut dilabentis [[plumbum|plumbi]] in [[bisemutum]]: <math>{}^{214}_{82}\mathrm{Pb}</math> → <math>{}^{214}_{83}\mathrm{Bi}</math> + e<sup>-</sup>
[[Fasciculus:EM Spectrum Properties edit.svg|thumb|Spectrum [[radiatio electromagnetica|radiationum electromagneticarum]]]]
** Radiatio gamma ''electromagnetica'': [[photon]]a, quod reversione atomi ab statu abundantiae energiae ad statum basalem fit. Radiatio gamma est ''electromagnetica'', frequentia eius [[lux|luci visibili]] brevior, quo fit ut radiatio gamma non visibilis est. Per exemplum [[cobaltum]] 60: <math>{}^{60}_{27}\mathrm{Co}</math> + energia → <math>{}^{60}_{27}\mathrm{Co}</math> + photon
* Radiatio [[Roentgeniani radii|radii X (seu Roentgeniani)]] est radiatio ''electromagnetica'', at <u>non</u> ex substantiis radioactivis oritur, sed de [[tuba radiorum X]] emittitur. Radiationis frequentia inter lucis et radiationis gamma est.

Radiationes ionizantes etiam in [[radiologia]] ad morbos dignoscendos utuntur, ut in [[positronibus emissis tomographia]] (PET) ope radiationis beta plus vel in [[tuba radiorum X|tubae radiorum X]] ope [[radii X]].

<gallery>
Fasciculus:Alpha Decay.svg|[[Radiatio alpha]] cum emissione nuclei [[helium|helii]]
Fasciculus:Beta-plus Decay.svg|[[Radiatio beta]] plus cum emissione [[positron]]i e<sup>+</sup>
Fasciculus:Beta-minus Decay.svg|Radiatio beta minus cum emissione [[electron]]i e<sup>-</sup>
Fasciculus:Gamma Decay.svg|[[Radiatio gamma]] cum emissione [[photon]]i
</gallery>

== Notae ==
<references />

{{NexInt}}
* [[Chemotherapia]]
* [[Oncologia]]
* [[Radiologia]]
* [[Radon]]
* [[Technologia nuclearis]]

== Bibliographia ==
* {{ec|id=Schaue et McBride (2015)|c=Schaue D., McBride: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26122185/ Opportunities and challenges of radiotherapy for treating cancer]. Nature Reviews. Clinical oncology 2015, 12(9):527-40, [[doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2015.120]]}}
* {{ec|id=Konings et al. (2020)|c=Konings K., Vandevoorde C., Baselet B., Baatout S., Moreels M.: [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32117774/ Combination Therapy With Charged Particles and Molecular Targeting: A Promising Avenue to Overcome Radioresistance]. Frontiers in Oncology 2020, 10:128, [[doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.00128]]}}
* Mayles, P., J. C. Rosenwald, et A. Nahum. [[2007]]. ''Handbook of Radiation therapy Physics: Theory and Practice.'' Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9780750308601.
* McGarry, M. [[2002]]. ''Radiation therapy in Treatment.'' AUSG Books.
* Williams, J. R., et D. I. Thwaites. [[1993]]. ''Radiation therapy physics in practice.'' Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0199633150.

== Nexus externus ==
*[http://www.macmillan.org.uk/information-and-support/treating/radiotherapy/radiotherapy-explained/what-is-radiotherapy.html#44473 Radiotherapia explicata,] www.macmillan.org.uk

{{med-stipula}}
{{Myrias|Biologia}}

[[Categoria:Medicamenta]]
[[Categoria:Oncologia]]

Redire ad Radiotherapia.

Receptum de "https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiotherapia"