Pacific Electric
The Pacific Electric Railway, also known as the Red Car system, was a mass transit system in Southern California using streetcars, light rail and buses. At its greatest extent, the system connected cities in Los Angeles and Orange Counties, and the Inland Empire.
The system was divided into three districts:
- Northern District: Pasadena, San Gabriel Valley, San Bernardino.
- Southern District: Long Beach, Newport, San Pedro, Santa Ana.
- Western District: Hollywood, Burbank/Glendale, San Fernando Valley, Santa Monica.
The Pacific Electric Railway was established by Henry Huntington in 1901. Passenger service was sold off in 1953 but continued until April 9, 1961 with the closure of the Long Beach line, the final link in the system as well as the PE's first line some sixty years prior. The freight service was sold to the Southern Pacific Railroad and operated under the Pacific Electric name through 1964. The majority of the surviving pieces of rolling stock can be both viewed and ridden at the Orange Empire Railway Museum in Perris.
The PE was also responsible for an innovation in grade crossing safety that was quickly adopted by other railroads, a fully automatic electromechanical grade crossing signal nicknamed the wigwag.