Ambrosia fungi

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Ambrosia fungi are fungal symbionts of ambrosia beetles including the polyphagous and Kuroshio shot hole borers.^[1]

There are a few dozen species described ambrosia fungi, currently placed in polyphyletic genera Ambrosiella, Rafaellea and Dryadomyces (all from Ophiostomatales, Ascomycota).^[2] Probably many more species remain to be discovered. Little is known about ecology of ambrosia fungi, as well as about their specificity to ambrosia beetle species. Ambrosia fungi are thought to be dependent on transport and inoculation provided by their beetle symbionts, as they have not been found in any other habitat. All ambrosia fungi are probably asexual and clonal.^[3]

References

^ Paul Rugman-Jones; Richard Stouthamer. "Polyphagous- and Kuroshio shot hole borers: invasive Euwallacea spp. threatening Californian agriculture and natural areas" (PDF). Trec.ifas.ufl.edu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
^ Mueller, U. G., N. M. Gerardo, et al. (2005): The Evolution of Agriculture in Insects. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 36: 563–569.
^ Malloch, D., and M. Blackwell. 1993. Dispersal biology of ophiostomatoid fungi. p. 195–206. In: Ceratocystis and Ophiostoma: Taxonomy, Ecology and Pathology. Eds., Wingfield, M.J., K.A. Seifert, and J.F. Webber. APS, St. Paul.

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[1] Paul Rugman-Jones; Richard Stouthamer. "Polyphagous- and Kuroshio shot hole borers: invasive Euwallacea spp. threatening Californian agriculture and natural areas" (PDF). Trec.ifas.ufl.edu. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 16 March 2022.

[2] Mueller, U. G., N. M. Gerardo, et al. (2005): The Evolution of Agriculture in Insects. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 36: 563–569.

[3] Malloch, D., and M. Blackwell. 1993. Dispersal biology of ophiostomatoid fungi. p. 195–206. In: Ceratocystis and Ophiostoma: Taxonomy, Ecology and Pathology. Eds., Wingfield, M.J., K.A. Seifert, and J.F. Webber. APS, St. Paul.

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