Michael D. Higgins

Michael D. Higgins
Minister for Arts, Culture and the Gaeltacht
In office 15 December 1994 – 26 June 1997
Preceded by	Bertie Ahern
Succeeded by	Síle de Valera
In office 12 January 1993 – 17 November 1994
Preceded by	John Wilson
Succeeded by	Bertie Ahern
Teachta Dála
In office 17 February 1987 – 25 February 2011
Preceded by	Fintan Coogan
Succeeded by	Derek Nolan
In office 11 June 1981 – 24 November 1982
Preceded by	Seat established
Succeeded by	Fintan Coogan
Constituency	Galway West
Senator
In office 23 February 1983 – 3 April 1987
Constituency	National University of Ireland
In office 1 June 1973 – 26 May 1977
Constituency	Taoiseach's nominee
Personal details
Born	(1941-04-18) 18 April 1941 (age 83) Limerick, Ireland
Political party	Labour Party
Spouse	Sabina Coyne
Children	Four
Alma mater	University College, Galway Indiana University, Bloomington University of Manchester

Michael Daniel Higgins, commonly known as Michael D. Higgins (Irish: Micheál D. Ó hUigínn; born 18 April 1941) is an Irish politician. He is the President of the Labour Party of Ireland, and is the party's candidate to contest the 2011 Irish presidential election. He was formerly a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Galway West constituency,^[1] and was the Minister for Arts, Culture and the Gaeltacht from 1993 to 1997.

Michael D. Higgins was born in Limerick. When his father's health grew poor, with alcohol a contributing factor, his mother sent Higgins, aged five, and his four-year-old brother to live on his unmarried uncle and aunt's farm near Newmarket on Fergus, County Clare. His older twin sisters remained in Limerick. ^[2] He was educated at Ballycar National School, Co. Clare; St. Flannan's College, Ennis; University College Galway; Indiana University; and Manchester University. Serving as Vice Auditor of the College's Literary and Debating Society in 1963–1964, he rose to the position of Auditor in the 1964–1965 academic year. He also served as President of UCG Students' Union in 1964–65. Before entering politics he worked as Statutory Lecturer in Political Science and Sociology at University College Galway (UCG) and Visiting Professor at the Southern Illinois University.

He is a speaker of the Irish language.^[3]

Higgins originally joined Fianna Fáil in UCG while a mature student; he switched to the Labour Party shortly thereafter.^[4] He was a Labour candidate in the 1969 and 1973 general elections but was unsuccessful on both occasions. One of the people who canvassed for him was future leader of the Labour Party and current Tánaiste, Eamon Gilmore, who was then a UCG student. Higgins was appointed in 1973 to the 13th Seanad Éireann by Taoiseach Liam Cosgrave. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann at the 1981 general election as a Labour Party TD. He was re-elected at the February 1982 election; he lost his seat at the November 1982 election but returned to the Seanad on the NUI panel. He served as Mayor of Galway on two occasions, 1982–1983 and 1991–1992. Within the Labour Party during the 1980s he was one of the main figures along with Emmet Stagg who opposed going into coalition.

Higgins returned to the Dáil at the 1987 general election and held his seat until the 2011 general election.^[5] In 1993 he joined the Cabinet as Minister for Arts, Culture and the Gaeltacht. During his period as Minister he scrapped the controversial Section 31 of the Broadcasting Act, re-established the Irish Film Board and set up the Irish language television station, Teilifís na Gaeilge (subsequently renamed TG4). In 2000, he was appointed to the the Labour Party front bench. In 2003, Higgins succeeded Proinsias De Rossa as President of the Labour Party, while continuing as the party's spokesman on foreign affairs.

With a presidential election looming in 2004 Higgins indicated his willingness to run as a Labour Party candidate. However, the party decided on 16 September 2004 against running a candidate in the election.

In 2005, in response to a column for The Irish Times by Kevin Myers about the riots then erupting across immigrant areas in France and Britain, he said "the contents of his column today go beyond his usually crafted cowardice, staying one step on the safe side of prosecution for incitement to hatred or racism."^[6]

In October 2010, he announced he would not be standing at the 2011 general election.^[7]

In September 2010 Higgins indicated that he was interested in receiving the Labour Party's nomination for the 2011 presidential election.^[8]

He was selected as candidate for the presidency at a special convention in Dublin on 19 June 2011, beating former senator Kathleen O'Meara and former party adviser Fergus Finlay.^[9][10] His candidacy was endorsed by Hollywood actor Martin Sheen, who described Higgins as a "dear friend".^[11] Higgins assisted his rival David Norris by urging his party colleagues on Dublin City Council not to obstruct Norris's attempts to get onto the ticket at the last moment "in the interests of democracy", adding that the nomination criteria were "outdated."^[12][13]

Michael D. Higgins promised he would be a neutral president if elected and not be a "handmaiden" to the government.^[14]. The Labour Party spending on the campaign is "within a budget of €320,000".^[15]

Higgins has campaigned for human rights and written of conflict in many parts of the world, including such areas as Nicaragua, Chile, Cambodia, El Salvador, Iraq and Somalia. In recognition of his work for peace with justice in many parts of the world, he became the first recipient of the Seán MacBride Peace Prize of the International Peace Bureau in Helsinki in 1992. He was a noted and articulate critic of U.S foreign policy under the Ronald Reagan administration.

As well as having a successful political career Higgins has also had a career as a poet, author and broadcaster. He has contributed widely to political and philosophical journals on many subjects including ideology, the sociology of literature, clientism in politics, regionalism and the politics of the media.

He wrote and presented a television film on Montserrat, entitled "The Other Emerald Isle" for Channel 4 and his documentary on the life of Noel Browne, for RTÉ, has also been screened. Higgins has had poems published in a number of periodicals, as well as publishing three collections of his poetry, including, The Betrayal (1990), his second book of poems The Season of Fire and his latest book An Arid Season.

Higgins' eclectic mix of interests also extend to sport, he is a regular at the Galway Races each summer and is the president and director of Galway United Football Club, who play in the League of Ireland.

He is the subject of the song "Michael D. Rocking in the Dáil" by popular Tuam band The Saw Doctors. The song first appeared as a B-side on the 1994 single "Small Bit of Love" and is also on the 2002 compilation Play It Again, Sham!.

• Michael D. Higgins' page on the Labour Party website
• Role of Honor: The Mayors of Galway City 1485-2001, William Henry, Galway, 2002. ISBN 0906312509
• Profile of Higgins

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