MF 88: Difference between revisions
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{{Expand French|MF 88|date=September 2020|topic=transport |
{{Expand French|MF 88|date=September 2020|topic=transport}} |
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{{Infobox EMU |
{{Infobox EMU |
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| background = #8FD5BB |
| background = #8FD5BB |
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| interiorcaption = Interior of MF 88 trainset |
| interiorcaption = Interior of MF 88 trainset |
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| service = 1993–present |
| service = 1993–present |
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| manufacturer = [[Alstom]], [[Faiveley Transport|Faiveley]], [[Renault]], [[Ateliers du Nord de la France|ANF]] |
| manufacturer = [[Alstom]], [[Faiveley Transport|Faiveley]], [[Renault]], [[Ateliers du Nord de la France|ANF]] |
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| replaced = [[Sprague-Thomson]] |
| replaced = [[Sprague-Thomson]] |
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| constructed = 1990–1992 |
| constructed = 1990–1992 |
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| carlength = {{cvt|15.15|m|ftin}} |
| carlength = {{cvt|15.15|m|ftin}} |
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| maxspeed = {{Unbulleted list |
| maxspeed = {{Unbulleted list |
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| Design: {{cvt| |
| Design: {{cvt||km/h|0}} |
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| Service: {{cvt|40|km/h|0}} |
| Service: {{cvt|40|km/h|0}} |
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}} |
}} |
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| traction = |
| traction = [[gate turn-off thyristor|GTO]]-[[VVVF]] |
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| traction motors = 3-phase AC [[induction motor]] type 4ELA 2552 |
| traction motors = 3-phase AC [[induction motor]] type 4ELA 2552 |
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| poweroutput = {{cvt|840|kW|hp|lk=on}} |
| poweroutput = {{cvt|840|kW|hp|lk=on}} |
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| uicclass = Bo'Bo'+2'2'+Bo'Bo' |
| uicclass = Bo'Bo'+2'2'+Bo'Bo' |
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| gauge = {{RailGauge|sg|allk=on}} |
| gauge = {{RailGauge|sg|allk=on}} |
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| deceleration = {{convert|0.9|m/s2|abbr=on}} (Service)<br>{{convert|1.1|m/s2|abbr=on}} (Emergency)<ref name="gatson" /> |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''MF 88''' ({{lang-fr|'''M'''étro '''F'''er appel d'offres de 19'''88'''}}; {{lang-en|Steel-wheeled metro ordered in 1988}}) is a steel-wheel variant of [[electric multiple unit]]s used on [[Paris]]'s [[Paris Métro|Métro]] system. [[Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens|RATP]] contracted a consortium of manufacturers, with [[Ateliers du Nord de la France]] |
The '''MF 88''' ({{lang-fr|'''M'''étro '''F'''er appel d'offres de 19'''88'''}}; {{lang-en|Steel-wheeled metro ordered in 1988}}) is a steel-wheel variant of [[electric multiple unit]]s used on [[Paris]]'s [[Paris Métro|Métro]] system. [[Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens|RATP]] contracted a consortium of manufacturers, with [[Ateliers du Nord de la France]] in charge of the project. |
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They were built following successful tests of a [[prototype]] train-set called the "BOA", derived from the [[MF 77]], which tested new features such as [[open gangway]] connections between cars to improve passenger distribution and special [[bogie]]s to reduce [[friction]] caused by the sharp curves found in the Métro network. The MF 88 introduced a number of innovations in its time, including AC induction motors and an on-board computer system using a new standard integrated computing architecture.<ref name="computers">{{cite journal |last1=Bancelin |first1=J |last2=Bordenave |first2=H |title=Test and Development Bench for an In-Borne Computing Architecture |journal=Control, Computers, Communications in Transportation |date=10 July 1990 |page=15-18}}</ref><ref name="computer2">{{cite journal |last1=Boullie |first1=JB |last2=Brun |first2=M |title=A new rolling stock architecture using safety computers and networks |journal=Proceeding International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks |date=6 August 2002 |doi=10.1109/ICDSN.2000.857529}}</ref> It is planned for the [[MF 19]] rolling stock to replace the MF 88 in 2025.<ref name="replacement">{{cite news |last1=Philippe-Enrico |first1=Attal |title=MF 19, le renouveau des rames fer du métro |url=https://www.railpassion.fr/materiel-actualites-rp/mf-19-renouveau-rames-fer-metro/ |access-date=17 June 2024 |work=Rail Passion (Magazine) |date=10 July 2018}}</ref> |
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== Design == |
== Design == |
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Carrying on the features of the BOA, a total of nine MF 88 train-sets were built, which have only ever operated on [[Paris Métro Line 7bis|Line 7bis]] in a three-car formation. It was the first model with AC motors as opposed to DC and with interconnecting gangways.<ref name="Metropole">{{cite web |url=http://www.metro-pole.net/expl/materiel/mf88/mf88.html |title=Article MétroPole - « Le MF 88 » |language=French |date=2006-01-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060716170337/http://www.metro-pole.net/expl/materiel/mf88/mf88.html |archivedate=2006-07-16 }}</ref> It was also the last model not newly built with automatic announcements and with user-activated doors (all subsequent models, as well as more recently the MF 77s on Line 13, have had all doors open at once). The high rate of wear-and-tear of the train-sets has made maintenance much more expensive than expected. This is because of the design flaw in the [[chassis]], each bogie only has one [[axle]], similar to a typical car, bus, some [[Rubber-tyred metro|rubber-tyred trains]] (although the rubber-tyred lines of the Paris Métro use the typical 2-axle bogies), or certain [[Railbus|railbuses]], but unusual for a more “standard” railcar, especially one powered by electricity. |
Carrying on the features of the BOA, a total of nine MF 88 train-sets were built, which have only ever operated on [[Paris Métro Line 7bis|Line 7bis]] in a three-car formation. It was the first model with AC motors as opposed to DC and with interconnecting gangways.<ref name="Metropole">{{cite web |url=http://www.metro-pole.net/expl/materiel/mf88/mf88.html |title=Article MétroPole - « Le MF 88 » |language=French |date=2006-01-05 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060716170337/http://www.metro-pole.net/expl/materiel/mf88/mf88.html |archivedate=2006-07-16 }}</ref> |
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It was also the last model not newly built with automatic announcements and with user-activated doors (all subsequent models, as well as more recently the MF 77s on Line 13, have had all doors open at once). The high rate of wear-and-tear of the train-sets has made maintenance much more expensive than expected. This is because of the design flaw in the [[chassis]], each bogie only has one [[axle]], similar to a typical car, bus, some [[Rubber-tyred metro|rubber-tyred trains]] (although the rubber-tyred lines of the Paris Métro use the typical 2-axle bogies), or certain [[Railbus|railbuses]], but unusual for a more “standard” railcar, especially one powered by electricity.<ref name="technical specifications">[https://www.iledefrance-mobilites.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Deliberation_no2013-534_-_Schema_directeur_materiel_metro.pdf STIF - ''Schéma directeur du matériel métro''][[https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iledefrance-mobilites.fr%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2017%2F04%2FDeliberation_no2013-534_-_Schema_directeur_materiel_metro.pdf%2Findex.html Archived]]</ref> |
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==Technical specifications== |
==Technical specifications== |
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* Manufacturers: [[Alstom]], [[Faiveley Transport|Faiveley]], [[Renault]], [[Ateliers du Nord de la France|ANF]] |
* Manufacturers: [[Alstom]], [[Faiveley Transport|Faiveley]], [[Renault]], [[Ateliers du Nord de la France|ANF]] |
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* Electric source: {{750 V DC|conductor=third rail}} |
* Electric source: {{750 V DC|conductor=third rail}} |
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* Traction: [[Gate turn-off thyristor]] (GTO) |
* Traction: [[Gate turn-off thyristor]] (GTO) |
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* Power: 2 [[Traction motor|motors]] per motor coach with {{convert|210|kW|hp|abbr=on}} each, {{convert|840|kW|hp|abbr=on}} total per train |
* Power: 2 [[Traction motor|motors]] per motor coach with {{convert|210|kW|hp|abbr=on}} each, {{convert|840|kW|hp|abbr=on}} total per train |
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* Maximum speed: {{convert|70|km/h|abbr=on}} |
* Maximum speed: {{convert|70|km/h|abbr=on}} |
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* Bogies: Bi-directional |
* Bogies: Bi-directional |
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* Length: {{convert|46.44|m|ftin|frac=32}} |
* Length: {{convert|46.44|m|ftin|frac=32}} |
Revision as of 19:14, 17 June 2024
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This article, MF 88, has recently been created via the Articles for creation process. Please check to see if the reviewer has accidentally left this template after accepting the draft and take appropriate action as necessary.
Reviewer tools: Inform author |
- Comment: No reliable secondary sources cited. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 12:16, 17 June 2024 (UTC)
You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (September 2020) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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MF 88 | |
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In service | 1993–present |
Manufacturer | GEC Alsthom, Faiveley, Renault, ANF |
Replaced | Sprague-Thomson |
Constructed | 1990–1992 |
Scrapped | 2013 |
Number built | 27 cars (9 trainsets) |
Number scrapped | 3 cars (1 trainset) |
Successor | MF 19 |
Formation | 3 cars per trainset |
Capacity | 425 people per trainset |
Operators | RATP |
Lines served | |
Specifications | |
Train length | 45.44 m (149 ft 1 in) |
Car length | 15.15 m (49 ft 8 in) |
Maximum speed | |
Traction system | GEC Alshtom GTO-VVVF |
Traction motors | 3-phase AC induction motor type 4ELA 2552 |
Power output | 840 kW (1,130 hp) |
Deceleration | 0.9 m/s2 (3.0 ft/s2) (Service) 1.1 m/s2 (3.6 ft/s2) (Emergency)[1] |
Electric system(s) | Third rail, 750 V DC |
Current collector(s) | Contact shoe |
UIC classification | Bo'Bo'+2'2'+Bo'Bo' |
Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge |
The MF 88 (French: Métro Fer appel d'offres de 1988; English: Steel-wheeled metro ordered in 1988) is a steel-wheel variant of electric multiple units used on Paris's Métro system. RATP contracted a consortium of manufacturers, with Ateliers du Nord de la France in charge of the project.
They were built following successful tests of a prototype train-set called the "BOA", derived from the MF 77, which tested new features such as open gangway connections between cars to improve passenger distribution and special bogies to reduce friction caused by the sharp curves found in the Métro network. The MF 88 introduced a number of innovations in its time, including AC induction motors and an on-board computer system using a new standard integrated computing architecture.[2][3] It is planned for the MF 19 rolling stock to replace the MF 88 in 2025.[4]
Design
Carrying on the features of the BOA,[5] a total of nine MF 88 train-sets were built, which have only ever operated on Line 7bis in a three-car formation. It was the first model with AC motors, supplied by GEC Alsthom,[5] as opposed to DC and with interconnecting gangways.[6][5] The MF 88 was also the first to adopt a new computing architecture, developed by TechnicAtome, over relay-based systems used in older Paris Metro rolling stock.[2][3] It also introduced an independent-wheeled steering axle design,[5] but this turned out to cause several problems for RATP and was not adopted in subsequent Paris Metro rolling stock.[6]
It was also the last model not newly built with automatic announcements and with user-activated doors (all subsequent models, as well as more recently the MF 77s on Line 13, have had all doors open at once). The high rate of wear-and-tear of the train-sets has made maintenance much more expensive than expected. The independent-wheeled steering axle design was found to be problematic and was causing excessive wear on the track.[1] This is because of the design flaw in the chassis, each bogie only has one axle, similar to a typical car, bus, some rubber-tyred trains (although the rubber-tyred lines of the Paris Métro use the typical 2-axle bogies), or certain railbuses, but unusual for a more “standard” railcar, especially one powered by electricity.[7]
Technical specifications
- Manufacturers: GEC Alsthom, Faiveley, Renault, ANF
- Electric source: Third rail, 750 V DC
- Traction: Gate turn-off thyristor (GTO)
- Power: 2 motors per motor coach with 210 kW (280 hp) each, 840 kW (1,130 hp) total per train
- Maximum operating speed: 70 km/h (43 mph), currently reduced to 40 km/h (25 mph) due to rolling stock's condition[1]
- Bogies: Bi-directional
- Length: 46.44 metres (152 ft 4+11⁄32 in)
Formations
As of 1 September 2022, eight MF 88 trainsets were in service and were formed as shown below. One trainset was scrapped in 2013.[8]
As of 1 March 2022, eight trainsets were allocated to Pré Saint-Gervais Depot (Paris) for use on Line 7bis in a 3-car formation (two motor cars, one trailer).
← Louis Blanc Pré St Gervais →
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Car No. | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type | M | T | M | |||
Designation | 88M.xxx | 88B. xxx | 88M. xxx | |||
Equipment | VVVF | CP, SIV | VVVF |
References
- ^ a b c d e Gaston, Jacobs. Le métro de Paris : Un siècle de matériel roulant. La Vie du Rail. p. 167-170. ISBN 9782902808977.
- ^ a b Bancelin, J; Bordenave, H (10 July 1990). "Test and Development Bench for an In-Borne Computing Architecture". Control, Computers, Communications in Transportation: 15-18.
- ^ a b Boullie, JB; Brun, M (6 August 2002). "A new rolling stock architecture using safety computers and networks". Proceeding International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks. doi:10.1109/ICDSN.2000.857529.
- ^ Philippe-Enrico, Attal (10 July 2018). "MF 19, le renouveau des rames fer du métro". Rail Passion (Magazine). Retrieved 17 June 2024.
- ^ a b c d Allen, Geoffrey Freeman (1 November 1991). Jane's World Railways 1991-92 (33rd ed.). Jane's Information Group. p. 74. ISBN 9780710609557.
- ^ a b "Article MétroPole - « Le MF 88 »" (in French). 2006-01-05. Archived from the original on 2006-07-16.
- ^ STIF - Schéma directeur du matériel métro[Archived]
- ^ Colin, Pierre (2023). "Paris : le matériel RATP du métro à fin 2022". Réseaux urbains (169): 41–44.
- Pending AfC submissions
- Pending AfC submissions in article space
- AfC submissions by date/24 May 2024
- AfC submissions by date/18 May 2024
- Paris Métro rolling stock
- Paris Métro line 7bis
- 750 V DC multiple units
- Alstom multiple units
- Electric multiple units of France
- France rail transport stubs
- Paris Métro stubs