Mary Ngalo: Difference between revisions
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==References== |
==References== |
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<ref name="Sechaba3.3">{{cite journal|publisher=African National Congress |location=Dar es Salaam|journal=Sechaba|volume= 3|issue= 3|date=1973|via= Digital Imaging South Africa (DISA)|url= http://psimg.jstor.org/fsi/img/pdf/t0/10.5555/al.sff.document.0037.0509.007.003.mar1973_normal.pdf| |
<ref name="Sechaba3.3">{{cite journal|publisher=African National Congress |location=Dar es Salaam|journal=Sechaba|volume= 3|issue= 3|date=1973|via= Digital Imaging South Africa (DISA)|url= http://psimg.jstor.org/fsi/img/pdf/t0/10.5555/al.sff.document.0037.0509.007.003.mar1973_normal.pdf|=}}</ref> |
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<ref name="mg.c_60Ic">{{Cite web | title = 60 Iconic Women — The people behind the 1956 Women's March to Pretoria (41-50) | author = | work = The M&G Online | date = 25 August 2016 | accessdate = 2017-10-21 | url = https://mg.co.za/article/2016-08-25-60-iconic-women-the-people-behind-the-1956-womens-march-to-pretoria-41-50/ | quote = }}</ref> |
<ref name="mg.c_60Ic">{{Cite web | title = 60 Iconic Women — The people behind the 1956 Women's March to Pretoria (41-50) | author = | work = The M&G Online | date = 25 August 2016 | accessdate = 2017-10-21 | url = https://mg.co.za/article/2016-08-25-60-iconic-women-the-people-behind-the-1956-womens-march-to-pretoria-41-50/ | quote = }}</ref> |
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<ref name="sahi_Wome">{{Cite web | title = Women's resistance in the 1960s - Sharpeville and its aftermath | author = | work = South African History Online | date = 8 August 2017 | accessdate = 2017-10-21 | url = http://www.sahistory.org.za/article/womens-resistance-1960s-sharpeville-and-its-aftermath | language = | quote = }}</ref> |
<ref name="sahi_Wome">{{Cite web | title = Women's resistance in the 1960s - Sharpeville and its aftermath | author = | work = South African History Online | date = 8 August 2017 | accessdate = 2017-10-21 | url = http://www.sahistory.org.za/article/womens-resistance-1960s-sharpeville-and-its-aftermath | language = | quote = }}</ref> |
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Revision as of 10:11, 1 October 2023
Mary Nonyembezi Ngalo (nee Plaatjie) was a South African anti-apartheid activist and was also active in fighting for women's rights.
Mary Nonyembezi Margaret Ngalo (nee Plaatjie) was born in Cradock, Eastern Cape, South Africa. She was the daughter of Tom Cetywayo and Lillian Fihliwe "Leah" Plaatjie. She met and married Zenzile Ngalo in Cradock.[1] [2] She started participating in politics at an early age. She joined the ANC Youth League. As a leader of women in Cradock, she was elected as the branch secretary of the ANC Women's League. She held her post till she fled Cradock in 1961. She mobilised hundreds of women to join the Federation of South African Women which was a non-racial body of women who fought in the struggle against Apartheid. The ANC Women's League launched the Beer Hall Boycott in Cradock. Ngalo encouraged men to use the money they earned on their families instead of the beerhalls. She was arrested in 1957 during the boycott with her baby son. They spent one month in prison. During the 1960 State of Emergency, she was forced into hiding in Port Elizabeth. Her husband and other ANC militants from Cradock including Eric Vora and Lennon Melane were imprisoned in Port Elizabeth in the 1960s. Zenzile Ngalo later escaped South Africa. The ANC Women's League organised for her to flee with her 3 children due to increased police persecution. She met her husband in Tanzania where he was an official. In Tanzania, she was elected secretary of the ANC's Women's section Bureau in Tanzania, which was an external arm of the ANC Women's League. She worked alongside Ruth Mompati, Edna Mgabaza and Florence Mophosho. [3][1][4] Mary and Zenzile Ngalo were transferred by the ANC to Cairo, Egypt. In 1968 Mary Ngalo was appointed to the Women's Bureau of the Afro-Asian People's Solidarity Organisation (AAPSO). She attended the 5th conference of AAPSO in Cairo in January 1972 as well as the 10th anniversary of the All Africa Women's Conference in Dar-es-Salaam in 1972. She played an active role in this organisation till her sudden death in Cairo on 16 March 1973. Her mother still lived in Cradock at her death.[5][3][6][1]
References
- ^ a b c "Aluka" (PDF). Sechaba. 3 (3). Dar es Salaam: African National Congress. 1973 – via Digital Imaging South Africa (DISA).
- ^ Women marching into the 21st century : wathint' abafazi, wathint' imbokodo. OCLC 45002090.
- ^ a b "60 Iconic Women — The people behind the 1956 Women's March to Pretoria (41-50)". The M&G Online. 25 August 2016. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
- ^ "Women's resistance in the 1960s - Sharpeville and its aftermath". South African History Online. 8 August 2017. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
- ^ South African Democracy Education Trust (2004). The Road to Democracy in South Africa: 1960-1970. Zebra. p. 470. ISBN 978-1-86872-906-7.
- ^ Women Marching Into the 21st Century: Wathint' Abafazi, Wathint' Imbokodo. HSRC Press. 2000. pp. 36–37. ISBN 978-0-7969-1966-3.