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{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants in the carnation family Caryophyllaceae}}
{{for|the gastropod of [[Xenophoridae]] family|Stellaria (gastropod)}}
{{For|the gastropod of family [[Xenophoridae]]|Stellaria (gastropod){{!}}''Stellaria'' (gastropod)}}
{{no footnotes|date=March 2013}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=March 2013}}
{{italic title}}
{{taxobox
{{taxobox
| image = Greater Stitchwort close 800.jpg
|name = ''Stellaria''
|image = Greater Stitchwort close 800.jpg
| = Greater
| taxon = Stellaria
|image_caption = [[Stellaria holostea|Greater stitchwort]], ''Stellaria holostea''
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]] (1753), nom. cons.
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| synonyms = {{hidden begin|title = List}}
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
* ''Alsine'' <small>Tourn. ex L.</small>
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
* ''Alsinula'' <small>Dostál</small>
|unranked_ordo = [[Core eudicots]]
* ''Ballarion'' <small>Raf.</small>
|ordo = [[Caryophyllales]]
* ''Bigelowia'' <small>Raf.</small>
|familia = [[Caryophyllaceae]]
* ''Fimbripetalum'' <small>(Turcz.) Ikonn.</small>
|genus = '''''Stellaria'''''
* ''Hylebia'' <small>Fourr.</small>
|genus authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
* ''Larbrea'' <small>A.St.-Hil.</small>
* ''Leucostemma'' <small>Benth. ex G.Don</small>
* ''Malachium'' <small>Fr. ex Rchb.</small>
* ''Micropetalon'' <small>Pers.</small>
* ''Myosanthus'' <small>Desv.</small>
* ''Myosoton'' <small>Moench</small>
* ''Plettkea'' <small>Mattf.</small>
* ''Spergulastrum'' <small>Michx.</small>
* ''Stellularia'' <small>Hill</small>
* ''Tytthostemma'' <small>Nevski</small>
{{hidden end}}
|synonyms_ref = <ref name = powo>{{Cite web |title=Stellaria L. {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001456-2 |access-date=2022-06-27 |website=Plants of the World Online |language=en}}</ref>
}}
}}


'''''Stellaria''''' is a [[genus]] of about 90-120 species [[flowering plant]]s in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Caryophyllaceae]], with a [[cosmopolitan distribution]]. Common names include '''starwort''',<ref>{{PLANTS|id=STELL|taxon=Stellaria|accessdate=1 December 2015}}</ref> '''stitchwort''' and '''chickweed'''.
'''''Stellaria''''' is a [[genus]] of about species [[flowering plant]]s in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Caryophyllaceae]], with a [[cosmopolitan distribution]]. Common names include '''starwort''',<ref>{{PLANTS|id=STELL|taxon=Stellaria|accessdate=1 December 2015}}</ref> '''stitchwort''' and '''chickweed'''.


==Description==
==Description==
''Stellaria'' species are relatively small herbs with simple opposite leaves. It produces small flowers with 5 [[sepals]] and 5 white [[petals]] each usually deeply cleft, or none at all, all free. Stamens 10 or fewer.<ref>Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012. ''Webb's An Irish Flora''. Cork University Press. ISBN 978-185918-4783</ref><ref>Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and Warburg, E.F. 1968. ''Excursion Flora of the British Isles''. ISBN 0-521-04656-4</ref>
''Stellaria'' species are relatively small herbs with simple opposite leaves. It produces small flowers with 5 [[sepals]] and 5 white [[petals]] each usually deeply cleft, or none at all, all free. Stamens 10 or fewer.<ref>Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012. ''Webb's An Irish Flora''. Cork University Press. ISBN978-185918-4783</ref><ref>Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and Warburg, E.F. 1968. ''Excursion Flora of the British Isles''. ISBN0-521-04656-4</ref>


===Uses===
===Uses===
Some species, including ''Stellaria media'' which is widely distributed throughout the northern hemisphere, are used as [[leaf vegetable]]s, often raw in [[salad]]s. This is a favored food of finches and many other seed-eating birds.
Some species, including ''Stellaria media'' which is widely distributed throughout the , are used as [[leaf vegetable]]s, often raw in [[salad]]s. This is a favored food of finches and many other seed-eating birds.


Chickweeds are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including [[Angle Shades]], [[Heart and Dart]], [[Riband Wave]], [[Setaceous Hebrew Character]] and the ''[[Coleophora]]'' case-bearers ''C. coenosipennella'' (feeds exclusively on ''Stellaria spp''), ''C. lineolea'' (recorded on ''S. graminea''), ''C. lithargyrinella'' (recorded on ''S. holostea''), ''C. solitariella'' (feeds exclusively on ''S. holostea'') and ''C. striatipennella''.
Chickweeds are used as food plants by the [[larva]]e of some [[Lepidoptera]] species including [[ ]], [[ and ]], [[ ]], [[ Hebrew ]] and the ''[[Coleophora]]'' case-bearers ''C. coenosipennella'' (feeds exclusively on ''Stellaria''), ''C. lineolea'' (recorded on ''S. graminea''), ''C. lithargyrinella'' (recorded on ''S. holostea''), ''C. solitariella'' (feeds exclusively on ''S. holostea'') and ''C. striatipennella''.


Several closely related plants referred to as chickweed, but which lack the culinary and medicinal properties of plants in the genus ''Stellaria'', include members of the genus ''Cerastium'', of similar in appearance to ''Stellaria'' and also in the (Carophyllaceae).
Several closely related plants referred to as chickweed, but which lack the culinary properties of plants in the genus ''Stellaria'', include members of the genus ''Cerastium'', of similar appearance to ''Stellaria'' and also in the ().


==Species==
==Selected species==
[[Image:Lesser Stitchwort close 800.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Lesser stitchwort, ''Stellaria graminea'']]
[[Image:Lesser Stitchwort close 800.jpg|thumb|right|Lesser stitchwort, ''Stellaria graminea'']]
The following species are recognised in the genus ''Stellaria'':<ref name = powo/>
{|
{{div col|colwidth=24em}}
|- valign=top
* ''[[Stellaria abadensis]]'' {{small|H.F.Xu & Z.H.Ma}}
|
* ''[[Stellaria abortiva]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria alaschanica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria alaschanica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria alaskana]]''
* ''[[Stellaria alaskana]]''
* ''[[Stellaria alsine]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria amblyosepala]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria americana]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria arenarioides]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria arisanensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria aquaticum]]'' - Water chickweed
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria axillaris]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria bistyla]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria borealis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria brachypetala]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria bungeana]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria apetala]]'' {{small|Ucria}}
* ''[[Stellaria aphanantha]]'' {{small|Griseb.}}
* ''[[Stellaria aphananthoidea]]'' {{small|Muschl.}}
* ''[[Stellaria aquatica]]'' {{small|(L.) Scop.}} – water chickweed
* ''[[Stellaria arenarioides]]'' {{small|Shi L.Chen, Rabeler & Turland}}
* ''[[Stellaria arvalis]]'' {{small|Fenzl ex F.Phil.}}
* ''[[Stellaria australis]]'' {{small|Zoll. & Moritzi}}
* ''[[Stellaria bayanensis]]'' {{small|L.Q.Zhao & Y.Z.Zhao}}
* ''[[Stellaria bistyla]]'' {{small|Y.Z.Zhao}}
* ''[[Stellaria blatteri]]'' {{small|Mattf.}}
* ''[[Stellaria borealis]]'' {{small|Bigelow}}
* ''[[Stellaria brachypetala]]'' {{small|Bunge}}
* ''[[Stellaria bungeana]]'' {{small|Fenzl}}
* ''[[Stellaria calycantha]]''
* ''[[Stellaria calycantha]]''
* ''[[Stellaria cherleriae]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ciliatisepala]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria chinensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria cilicica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria circinata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria concinna]]''
* ''[[Stellaria congestiflora]]''
* ''[[Stellaria congestiflora]]''
* ''[[Stellaria corei]]''
* ''[[Stellaria corei]]''
* ''[[Stellaria crassifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria crassifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria crassipes]]''
* ''[[Stellaria crispa]]''
* ''[[Stellaria crispa]]''
* ''[[Stellaria cryptantha]]''
* ''[[Stellaria cryptopetala]]''
* ''[[Stellaria cuonaensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria cupaniana]]''
* ''[[Stellaria cuspidata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria cuspidata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria darvasievii]]''
* ''[[Stellaria davurica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria debilis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria decipiens]]''
* ''[[Stellaria decumbens]]''
* ''[[Stellaria decumbens]]''
* ''[[Stellaria delavayi]]''
* ''[[Stellaria delavayi]]''
* ''[[Stellaria depauperata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria depressa]]''
* ''[[Stellaria depressa]]''
* ''[[Stellaria dianthifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria dianthifolia]]''
Line 63: Line 100:
* ''[[Stellaria dicranoides]]''
* ''[[Stellaria dicranoides]]''
* ''[[Stellaria discolor]]''
* ''[[Stellaria discolor]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ebracteata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria emirnensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria erlangeriana]]''
* ''[[Stellaria eschscholtziana]]''
* ''[[Stellaria fennica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria fennica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria fenzlii]]''
* ''[[Stellaria filicaulis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria filicaulis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria flaccida]]'' - Forest starwort
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria fontinalis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria graminea]]'' - Lesser stitchwort
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria gracilenta]]''
* ''[[Stellaria graminea]]'' – lesser stitchwort
* ''[[Stellaria gyangtseensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria gyangtseensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria gyirongensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria gyirongensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria gyirongensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria hebecalyx]]''
* ''[[Stellaria henryi]]''
* ''[[Stellaria henryi]]''
* ''[[Stellaria holostea]]'' - Greater stitchwort
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria humifusa]]'' - Saltmarsh starwort
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria humifusa]]'' – saltmarsh starwort
* ''[[Stellaria imbricata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria imbricata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria infracta]]''
* ''[[Stellaria infracta]]''
* ''[[Stellaria inundata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria irazuensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria irrigua]]''
* ''[[Stellaria irrigua]]''
* ''[[Stellaria jacutica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria koelzii]]''
* ''[[Stellaria kolymensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria krylovii]]''
* ''[[Stellaria laeta]]''
* ''[[Stellaria lanata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria lanata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria lanipes]]''
* ''[[Stellaria lanipes]]''
* ''[[Stellaria laxmannii]]''
* ''[[Stellaria leptoclada]]''
* ''[[Stellaria littoralis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria littoralis]]''
|
* ''[[Stellaria longifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria longifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria longipes]]'' - Long-stalk starwort
* ''[[Stellaria longipes]]'' -stalk starwort
* ''[[Stellaria mainlingensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria mainlingensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria martjanovii]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria media]]'' - Common chickweed
* ''[[Stellaria media]]'' chickweed
* ''[[Stellaria monosperma]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria neglecta]]'' - Greater chickweed
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria nemorum]]'' - Wood stitchwort
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria minutifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria montioides]]''
* ''[[Stellaria multiflora]]''
* ''[[Stellaria multipartita]]''
* ''[[Stellaria neglecta]]'' – greater chickweed
* ''[[Stellaria nemorum]]'' – wood stitchwort
* ''[[Stellaria nepalensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria nepalensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria nipponica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria nipponica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria nitens]]''
* ''[[Stellaria nitens]]''
* ''[[Stellaria nubigena]]''
* ''[[Stellaria obtusa]]''
* ''[[Stellaria obtusa]]''
* ''[[Stellaria omeiensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria omeiensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ovata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ovatifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ovatifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria oxycoccoides]]''
* ''[[Stellaria oxycoccoides]]''
* ''[[Stellaria oxyphylla]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria pallida]]'' - Lesser chickweed
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria palustris]]'' - Marsh stitchwort
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria parva]]''
* ''[[Stellaria parviumbellata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria parviumbellata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria patens]]''
* ''[[Stellaria patens]]''
* ''[[Stellaria pauciflora]]''
* ''[[Stellaria pedersenii]]''
* ''[[Stellaria peduncularis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria pentastyla]]''
* ''[[Stellaria persica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria petiolaris]]''
* ''[[Stellaria petiolaris]]''
* ''[[Stellaria petraea]]''
* ''[[Stellaria pilosoides]]''
* ''[[Stellaria pilosoides]]''
* ''[[Stellaria pinvalliaca]]''
* ''[[Stellaria polyantha]]''
* ''[[Stellaria porsildii]]''
* ''[[Stellaria porsildii]]''
* ''[[Stellaria pubera]]'' - Star chickweed
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria pterosperma]]''
* ''[[Stellaria pubera]]'' – star chickweed
* ''[[Stellaria pulvinata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria pungens]]'' – prickly starwort
* ''[[Stellaria pusilla]]''
* ''[[Stellaria pusilla]]''
* ''[[Stellaria radians]]''
* ''[[Stellaria radians]]''
* ''[[Stellaria recurvata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria recurvata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria reticulivena]]''
* ''[[Stellaria reticulivena]]''
* ''[[Stellaria rotundifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria roughii]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ruderalis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ruscifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ruscifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria salicifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria salicifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria sanjuanensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria sarcophylla]]''
* ''[[Stellaria scaturiginella]]''
* ''[[Stellaria schischkinii]]''
* ''[[Stellaria semivestita]]''
* ''[[Stellaria sennii]]''
* ''[[Stellaria serpens]]''
* ''[[Stellaria sessiliflora]]''
* ''[[Stellaria sibirica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria sikaramensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria sikkimensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria sitchana]]''
* ''[[Stellaria soongorica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria soongorica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria souliei]]''
* ''[[Stellaria souliei]]''
* ''[[Stellaria stenopetala]]''
* ''[[Stellaria strongylosepala]]''
* ''[[Stellaria strongylosepala]]''
* ''[[Stellaria subumbellata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria tibetica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria tibetica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria tomentella]]''
* ''[[Stellaria turkestanica]]''
* ''[[Stellaria uchiyamana]]''
* ''[[Stellaria uda]]''
* ''[[Stellaria uda]]''
* ''[[Stellaria uliginosa]]'' - Bog stitchwort
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria umbellata]]''
* ''[[Stellaria vestita]]''
* ''[[Stellaria vestita]]''
* ''[[Stellaria viridifolia]]''
* ''[[Stellaria wallichiana]]''
* ''[[Stellaria weddellii]]''
* ''[[Stellaria williamsiana]]''
* ''[[Stellaria winkleri]]''
* ''[[Stellaria winkleri]]''
* ''[[Stellaria wushanensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria ]]''
* ''[[Stellaria yungasensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria yunnanensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria yunnanensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria zangnanensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria zangnanensis]]''
* ''[[Stellaria zhuxiensis]]''
|}
{{div col end}}

{{-}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{}}
Edible and Medicinal Plants of the West, Gregory L. Tilford, ISBN 0-87842-359-1
Edible and Medicinal Plants of the West, Gregory L. Tilford, ISBN0-87842-359-1

==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline|Stellaria|''Stellaria''}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q156694}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Stellaria| ]]
[[Category:Stellaria| ]]
[[Category:Caryophyllaceae genera]]
[[Category:Leaf vegetables]]
[[Category:Leaf vegetables]]
[[Category:Flora of the Eastern United States]]
[[Category: ]]

Latest revision as of 15:38, 23 April 2024

For the gastropod of family Xenophoridae, see Stellaria (gastropod).

Stellaria
Greater stitchwort (Stellaria holostea)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Caryophyllaceae
Genus: Stellaria
L. (1753), nom. cons.
Synonyms[1]
List
  • Alsine Tourn. ex L.
  • Alsinula Dostál
  • Ballarion Raf.
  • Bigelowia Raf.
  • Fimbripetalum (Turcz.) Ikonn.
  • Hylebia Fourr.
  • Larbrea A.St.-Hil.
  • Leucostemma Benth. ex G.Don
  • Malachium Fr. ex Rchb.
  • Micropetalon Pers.
  • Myosanthus Desv.
  • Myosoton Moench
  • Plettkea Mattf.
  • Spergulastrum Michx.
  • Stellularia Hill
  • Tytthostemma Nevski

Stellaria is a genus of about 190 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, with a cosmopolitan distribution. Common names include starwort,[2] stitchwort and chickweed.

Description

[edit]

Stellaria species are relatively small herbs with simple opposite leaves. It produces small flowers with 5 sepals and 5 white petals each usually deeply cleft, or none at all, all free. Stamens 10 or fewer.[3][4]

Uses

[edit]

Some species, including Stellaria media which is widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere, are used as leaf vegetables, often raw in salads. This is a favored food of finches and many other seed-eating birds.

Chickweeds are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including angle shades, heart and dart, riband wave, setaceous Hebrew character and the Coleophora case-bearers C. coenosipennella (feeds exclusively on Stellaria species), C. lineolea (recorded on S. graminea), C. lithargyrinella (recorded on S. holostea), C. solitariella (feeds exclusively on S. holostea) and C. striatipennella.

Several closely related plants referred to as chickweed, but which lack the culinary properties of plants in the genus Stellaria, include members of the genus Cerastium, of similar appearance to Stellaria and also in the (Caryophyllaceae).

Species

[edit]
Lesser stitchwort, Stellaria graminea

The following species are recognised in the genus Stellaria:[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Stellaria L. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2022-06-27.
  2. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "​Stellaria​". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
  3. ^ Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012. Webb's An Irish Flora. Cork University Press. ISBN 978-185918-4783
  4. ^ Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and Warburg, E.F. 1968. Excursion Flora of the British Isles. ISBN 0-521-04656-4
[edit]
  • Media related to Stellaria at Wikimedia Commons
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stellaria&oldid=1220402769"