Talk:Frédéric Chopin: Difference between revisions

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	Frédéric Chopin is a featured article; it (or a previous version of it) has been identified as one of the best articles produced by the Wikipedia community. Even so, if you can update or improve it, please do so.
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Article milestones Date Process Result January 5, 2014 Peer review Reviewed February 23, 2014 Good article nominee Listed July 17, 2014 Peer review Reviewed August 17, 2014 Featured article candidate Promoted A fact from this article appeared on Wikipedia's Main Page in the "Did you know?" column on March 1, 2014. The text of the entry was: Did you know ... that Frédéric Chopin (pictured) left his homeland of Poland in 1831 and never returned? Current status: Featured article

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I don't understand why this article is so biased to please some foolish Polish. Instead of seeking a biased compromise, you should have checked some facts. Chopin and both of his parents were officially French. This is Chopin's french passport : https://www.gettyimages.fr/detail/photo-d%27actualit%C3%A9/the-french-passport-issued-to-polish-born-composer-photo-dactualit%C3%A9/2559193

Why couldn't Chopin be French and Polish at the same time ? Why do you erase his frenchness ? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2A01:E0A:1DA:3530:188E:66BF:72:93DA (talk) 11:10, 26 September 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Please see the discussion and vote below. The article is as what the consensus of editors agreed upon. - kosboot (talk) 22:00, 27 September 2020 (UTC)[reply]

If you argue that his father had been “officially French” until adulthood, fine, but only under your extremely non-bullshit non-propaganda definition of “fact” could his mother ever be French. Exprosic (talk) 11:51, 10 October 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Why would i do that ? There is no debate or consensus. I disagree with the proposal. The entire article is full of bullshit and propaganda. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2A01:E0A:1DA:3530:4D25:B67A:AD3:3467 (talk) 16:39, 4 October 2020 (UTC)[reply]

This edit request has been answered. Set the |answered= or |ans= parameter to no to reactivate your request.

change "Rue Lafitte" to "Rue Laffitte" Exprosic (talk) 18:10, 9 October 2020 (UTC)[reply]

 Done – Thjarkur (talk) 19:11, 9 October 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Najgorszakomediaromantyczna: - Can you please revert your edit, nothing was accepted to my knowledge by other users yet. I'd suggest you achieve a Wikipedia:Consensus per Wiki rule before imposing a change which is in fact trivial. You can even view Polish Wikipedia where the name "Szopen" is not mentioned in the lead and is not taken seriously. Older writers from previous centuries used to polonise the name to "Szopen" for comprehension; for the benefit of people who were unsure how to pronounce his name. Furthermore, the alternative name "Szopen" should not be enforced; it was written sporadically. Perhaps it could be mentioned in the body, but not in the lead, especially on English Wikipedia where the "Szopen" version is highly uncommon if not absent. When you say that "Szopen is a variant normally used in Poland", that's false and POV. I suggest an WP:RfC with other users. If others express their support I'd be happy to accept your edit. Oliszydlowski (talk) 10:24, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I have reverted the edit myself. It should be discussed here to obtain a consensus. In my opinion it should be treated, if at all, as a note in the body of the article. That is because this is Englsih WP and the usage Szopen is apparently unknown in English. To announce it in the lead is misleading to readers of the article. It would be relevant to see what other English primary sources - e.g. Grove, biographies, etc. have to say about this. If they do not rate it, then it it is not worth mentioning at all.--Smerus (talk) 10:50, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Lets keep it in this form, and wait for the other people opinion. @Oliszydlowski: @Smerus:. There is not the page dedicated to Chopin's name variants, where should it be put? Chopin (Szopin) was Polish, it is not the old variant (few years ago it was the Szopen's street in Warsaw; changed for more popular Chopin but the variant still exist). Najgorszakomediaromantyczna (talk) 10:58, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Oliszydlowski: @Smerus: Smerus, you are making an edit war by force! Lets keep it in preserved form, and lets talk about it! There is not the paragraph dedicated to the Chopin name variant. For ages it was the Szopen's street in Warsaw; changed few years ago for the current one (just because it is more popular variant, but not forgotten). Najgorszakomediaromantyczna (talk) 11:01, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Would a footnote be an acceptable compromise? Double sharp (talk) 12:04, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Amongst the issues to be considered and answered here are:

• Did the subject ever use the form 'Szopen' himself - in signatures, publications, etc.? I have found no evidence that he did.
• Do any formal documents relating to the subject use the form 'Szopen'? E.g., birth certificate, passport. I have seen no evidence for this. (The birth certificate uses the form 'Choppen').
• How do English biographies, dictionary entries, etc. refer to him? I have found no evidence of the use of 'Szopen'.
• What evidence is there that the variant 'Szopen' is commonly used in Polish in referring to the subject? The 'Narodowy Instytut Fryderika Chopina' (National Chopin Institute), for example, uses the form 'Chopin'. Chopin's grave and other monuments to him in Poland use the form Chopin.

Unless these and similar issues are clearly answered in favour of 'Szopen', there are no grounds for altering the article; or for adding a note.

This is an FA article, viewed typically by over 3000 people per day, and therefore it is particularly important that issues like this and the subject's sexuality (see above) are dealt with responsibly by consensus, rather than through attempts at edit warring. --Smerus (talk) 13:41, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

A quick check shows:

• Warsaw Chopin Airport
• pl:Lotnisko Chopina w Warszawie
• pl:Kategoria:Obiekty i imprezy im. Fryderyka Chopina - things and festivals named after Chopin

Not much shoppin' goin' for ,,Szopen" in formally named things and festivals in Polish... I think that ,,Szopen" could be mentioned as a variant in the body of the article, but a source that studies the frequencies of usage and the attitudes to the spelling [e.g. considered "wrong" or considered as a typical myth circulated in primary school textbooks, or as Oliszydlowski says above, used by older writers as a clue to pronunciation (though ,,Szopę" would be closer)] would in principle be needed. Boud (talk) 22:30, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Oliszydlowski: @Boud: Ok, guys, I see yours points! In that case, I quit fighting for the "Chopin" adnotation. If in future, I would have ideas how to implement it, maybe I will try to edit it with the previous disscusion. Najgorszakomediaromantyczna (talk) 18:48, 1 December 2020 (UTC) Anyway, shame on @Smerus: who is trying to persuade us that talking about changes is important, but still reverting non-vandalism just because he does not like it :)[reply]

• Pożegnanie! z miłością od --Smerus (talk) 19:02, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
  • Poor Polish, ignorant. Najgorszakomediaromantyczna (talk) 19:52, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
    • I try at Polish, as you do at English. At least I am more polite to you than you to me! Boh ti žehnaj, môj drahý priateľu! --Smerus (talk) 20:14, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
      • Ok, I appreciate that, I have nothing against you! Just don't delete your talk page, please. Najgorszakomediaromantyczna (talk) 20:16, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

        Just FYI but users are allowed to delete anything they like from their user pages (other than declined unblock requests). The fact it was deleted is taken to mean that they have read it. Other users are not allowed to restore what they delete. I just you self revert your restoration. 92.5.9.21 (talk) 21:35, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

There is no evidence at all for Chopins alleged affair with either Gladkowska and also none at all for an alleged engagement with Wodzinska. (See and hear the quote in the linkes publications) They moreover barely appear in his letters, which is obvious after simple searches in the online letters-edition. (https://en.chopin.nifc.pl/chopin/letters/search)

But obviously he wrote many declarations of love to various men. The most numberous, passionate, exclusive and even erotic ones to Tytus Woyciechowski. (Biographies by G. Baur, p. 536 or by A. Walker, p. 114-115) He also writes and stays in contact with him until shortly before his death in 1849. He also visited Tytus in summer 1830 for two weeks in Poturzyn, and called him his ideal (letter to Woyciechowsky from 3.10.1829, that was half a year after Tytus left Warsaw in spring 1829) It’s intersting, that in various translations of that very passage of 3.10.1829 (and also in others) we can see abvious faults: male polish pronouns^[1] turned into english or french female pronouns (translation by D. Frick (2016) p. 138 & 232ff.) . Some show lots of added female pronouns. So the question could be if some people just didn’t or don‘t want Chopin to have been homosexual?

https://www.srf.ch/kultur/musik/spaetes-outing-chopin-war-schwul-und-niemand-sollte-davon-erfahren

Chip-chip-2020 (talk) 17:53, 17 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Your sources may require close examination. There have been other "correspondences" of Chopin's that turned out to be forgeries: see his "Letters to Delfina Potocka".

Nihil novi (talk) 21:23, 22 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

English language article on the matter, could possibly be used as a source? [4] --Viennese Waltz 11:43, 25 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Also: "Chopin's interest in men airbrushed from history, programme claims" - Andy Mabbett (Pigsonthewing); Talk to Andy; Andy's edits 11:58, 25 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

With any luck, the relevant pages of Alan Walker's, Fryderyk Chopin: A Life and Times may be visible using this link William Avery (talk) 14:59, 25 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

So what? SPECIFICO talk 15:01, 25 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Indeed. It's nothing new. William Avery (talk) 15:39, 25 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

The point is that it's not currently mentioned in the article, and needs to be. --Viennese Waltz 16:00, 25 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

In which case the scepticism of previous biographers needs to be acknowledged. William Avery (talk) 16:04, 25 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

According to the "Chopin" article's "Education" section,

He was also attracted to the singing student Konstancja Gładkowska. In letters to Woyciechowski, he indicated which of his works, and even which of their passages, were influenced by his fascination with her; his letter of 15 May 1830 revealed that the slow movement (Larghetto) of his Piano Concerto No. 1 (in E minor) was secretly dedicated to her – "It should be like dreaming in beautiful springtime – by moonlight."^[2]

So, Chopin was... bisexual?

Nihil novi (talk) 23:40, 25 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

actually, Chopin never writes neither about beeing attracted by her, nor about beeing in love with her. Instead, he feels attracted to Tytus, which many passages in his letters show. "secretly dedicated" can definately not be taken as a serious proof; moreover, there is no written dedication of this movement to her at all, in none of the newest and most reliable scores.--Chip-chip-2020 (talk) 09:27, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Alan Walker writes in his Fryderyk Chopin: A Life and Times [5] (2018):

This language [of Chopin's] is fankly erotic and it is fair to ask... whether there might have been a passing homosexual affair between Tytus and Chopin. We are much inclined to doubt it... Tytus [Woyciechowski] was... a reluctant recipient of overt declarations of love, as Chopin's side of the correspondence confirms. It seems far more likely that Chopin wrote these and similar passages in an exalted frame of mind when... he... gave free rein to his adolescent fantasies....

If Chopin's "confession" to Tytus in October 1829 is to be taken at face value, the image of Konstancja [Gładkowska] could rarely have been absent from his thoughts during his six-week tour of Vienna, Prague, and Dresden made earlier in the year. By the time he had returned to Warsaw, in September 1829, with such accolades as "pianist of the front rank" bestowed on him by the Viennese press, his position had been transformed. Yet his newfound confidence did not extend to his private life and he could not summon up the courage to declare himself to Konstancja.

Nihil novi (talk) 10:17, 26 November 2020 (UTC) [Someone deleted my earlier signature.][reply]

Walker also writes in that exact passage (there, where you are quoting "...") that the loving and erotic words by Chopin addressed to Tytus were the result of a "mental twist". Which perhaps can give us an idea about the attitude of the 90 year old Alan Walker.--Chip-chip-2020 (talk) 09:32, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

It was mentioned in the Guardian article cited above that "Chopin described rumours of his affairs with women as a 'cloak for hidden feelings'" in one of his letters to Tytus. It was not uncommon in that day and age for homosexual people to have relationships with women. Our understanding of "gay" as an identity can't be mapped one to one onto Chopin in the same way that we can't map it perfectly onto someone like Oscar Wilde, but that doesn't prevent us from understanding that he (and now likely Chopin) were what we would today describe as homosexual men. Whether the increasing evidence for his relationships with men are accepted wholeheartedly or not by everyone in this thread, it certainly, certainly warrants being covered on his Wikipedia article. Sandhals (talk) 02:03, 26 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

May I point out that you're all engaging in original research and WP:NOR. Unless you find a reliable source (considering the voluminous amount of serious musicological research available, a newspaper article is not a reliable source ), you can't state it in the article. - kosboot (talk) 02:16, 26 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Not true, see WP:NEWSORG. --Viennese Waltz 07:24, 26 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

There's wackers here who wouldn't admit Chopin was gay even if he shoved his cock in their faces. There's no arguing with people who are committed to dissembling. Double standards and sickening hypocrisy! Here's a draft of a paragraph of how to begin to correct the article:

"While the sexuality of Chopin had long been a matter of debate, in 2020 it came to global attention when a Swiss radio broadcast claimed Chopin's love life had been deliberately distorted and bowdlerised. [6], It was alleged: "The emotional and erotic relationship with Woyciechowski, which is central to Chopin, has so far been twisted beyond recognition or marginalized - even in otherwise reliable reference works."[7] Letters to Woyciechowski are certainly explicit. In one, Chopin writes to him: “You don’t like being kissed, Please allow me to do so today. You have to pay for the dirty dream I had about you last night.” Chopin also addresses him as: “My dearest life” and ends another with: “Give me a kiss, dearest lover.”[8] An even more explicit letter to Woyciechowski states: "I'm going to wash myself, don't kiss me now, because I haven't washed myself yet - you? Even if I rubbed Byzantine oils on myself, you wouldn't kiss me if I didn't magnetically force you to do it. There is some force in nature. Today you will dream that you kiss me."[9] Other letters written by Chopin to Julian Fontana suggest he may have used toilets for soliciting.[10] The issue was seen to be highly sensitive due to Chopin's status as a national icon in Poland, and its suppression of gay rights. According to Moritz Weber, an arts journalist at the Swiss radio station SRF: “Chopin’s love for men, attested in writing, would constitute a public relations crisis for the current [Polish] government, which would have to recognise it officially."[11]

Until it's properly revised, the Wikipedia article will remain a fetid sewer of the most rank lies. 2001:8003:5309:BA00:E07E:35C7:5196:38E8 (talk) 10:32, 26 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

On 3 October 1829 Chopin wrote Tytus Woyciechowski:

... I already, perhaps unfortunately, have my ideal, which I faithfully serve, without having spoken with it for half a year – which I dream of, in whose memory arose the adagio of my concerto, and which this morning inspired this little waltz of mine which I am sending you.^[3]

This fragment of Chopin's letter immediately follows his mention of another attractive young lady, who was unable to replace Konstancja Gładkowska in his affections.

The second paragraph cited above from Alan Walker's 2018 biography of Chopin makes it quite clear that Chopin, in speaking of his "ideal", is referring to Konstancja Gładkowska.

Nihil novi (talk) 10:04, 26 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

It's now believed that this was mistranslated - Chopin wrote the word "ideal" in the masculine form, as if referring to Tytus Woyciechowski. It was inaccurately translated as if he were referring to a woman - it's certainly not clear that he was referring to Konstancja Gładkowska.^[4] I think it is of great importance that Chopin's relationships with men be included on this page. The purpose of Wikipedia is to inform, and it would be inappropriate to miss out the fact that Chopin had relationships with, or a sexual interest in, other men. If the dubious information regarding some of his relationships with women has been accepted as fact in the article, why isn't the evidence of his homosexuality being accepted? Glissando1234567890 (talk) 15:54, 26 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Again I repeat: with a figure such as Chopin who has numerous biographies in multiple languages, and over which there has been continuous musicological research from numerous people all over the world, you are going to need better citations than to a newspaper which, by its nature, seeks to create "news" by taking a deliberately provocative view of the world. Provide some citations to responsible musicologists and then I'll be more accepting of your efforts. - kosboot (talk) 17:07, 26 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Kosboot: "A newspaper which, by its nature, seeks to create "news" by taking a deliberately provocative view of the world" - impartiality, please! Anyway, the newspaper article is irrelevant, when the letter (from the Chopin Institute, as already cited on this page) shows that Chopin used the masculine form of "ideal", and wrote the words "I love you madly" to Woyciechowski. Surely the page should at least mention that "some sources/historians" believe that Chopin had homosexual desires? Also, and I'm trying to be objective, but how can you take Alan Walker's argument seriously? It seems that Walker is not keen on the idea that Chopin was gay, describing the "uncomfortably sensual" language in his letters, which he blames on "psychological confusion" and transference. Glissando1234567890 (talk) 18:05, 26 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Moritz Weber's article is here (in German) : https://www.srf.ch/kultur/musik/spaetes-outing-chopin-war-schwul-und-niemand-sollte-davon-erfahren?wt_mc_o=srf.share.app.srf-app.unknown He gives a list of the men Chopin loved, and cites Aleksander Laskowski, of the Warsaw Chopin Institute saying that "We actually have nothing on K. Gładkowska. With Wodzińska we have nothing."

So who are these historians? You absolutely can not read documents written 200 years ago and assume that the words have the same meaning today. Read some romantic literature ca. 1800-1850: Lots of men professed love for fellow men, but it does not mean or imply they were homoesexual. The nature of romanticism is of revealing one's inner emotions, but that often means highly exaggerated prose. Don't forget WP:SYN. - kosboot (talk) 20:20, 26 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

When Chopin uses the Polish word "ideał" (a masculine-gender noun) in his letter to Tytus Woyciechowski of 3 October 1829, it is perfectly clear from context that he is using the word in the sense given by both The Kościuszko Foundation Dictionary, volume II: Polish-English, 1962, p. 149. amd Jan Stanisławski's The Great Polish-English Dictionary, 1970, p. 322, of "dream boy" or "dream girl". Stanisławski gives the additional wording, "boy of one's' dreams" or "girl of one's dreams".

Thus the argument that Chopin's word "ideał" has been misinterpreted is specious. In the 3 October 1829 letter, his "ideał" ("girl of his dreams") was clearly Konstancja Gładkowska – not Tytus Woyciechowski!

Nihil novi (talk) 22:11, 26 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

You haven't proved anything. Chopin clearly addressed TW in a romantic way - as I've said, read the letters already cited. Yes, language was different then, but he didn't address everybody in this passionate way. (He certainly didn't call others "my dearest life", an address he never used for the women he supposedly yearned for.) And you are blind to the double standards here - when referring to men, his language is dismissed as romantic idiosyncrasy; when referring to women, it's hard evidence of emotion. I'm not saying that the page should state "Chopin was absolutely homosexual", but it should, at the very least, mention the reasonable speculation that arises from the "ambiguities" in his language. Glissando1234567890 (talk) 00:04, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I'm not trying to prove anything. You say: it should, at the very least, mention the reasonable speculation that arises from the "ambiguities" in his language. Please mention a reliable musicological source (preferably more than one) that mentions the reasonable speculation and I'll consider that for inclusion. - kosboot (talk) 03:23, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

The suggestion that some of these letters can be explained by "ambiguities of language" or C19th conventions of language between friends is, as the program pointed out, ridiculous. C19th friends who weren't bisexual or homosexual didn't write about having dirty dreams about each other, or forcing the other mesmerically to desire to kiss them. For pity's sake! It's insulting to the intelligence to suggest otherwise, and smacks of scholar J. E. Munoz's observation that when historians attempt to document a gay past, there is often a gatekeeper who will do their utmost to invalidate the truth of this experience, and seek to distort it to fit a straight narrative. Which is exactly what the Swiss program has charged historians with doing.

It's not anyone's job here Kasboot to convince you. You're not the sole Hall Monitor. If a number of leading respectable global newspapers print a story, including The Times and The Guardian (Classic FM also believes the story is important enough to print an article [12]), even whether you believe that story is accurate or not, by Wikipedia rules, these become allowable citations for the inclusion of summarising text. Yes, for editorial balance, equally cited opposing opinion can naturally be included, but to seek to disallow it simply because you personally disagree with it, is unacceptable. There is no need to cite musicologists you personally approve of. (Demanding impossible-to-deliver citations by particular experts is a well-worn blocking tactic by stubborn editors.) Wikipedia is a democracy, not a dictatorship. For that, you can create your own blog. 2001:8003:5309:BA00:E07E:35C7:5196:38E8 (talk) 06:15, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I agree - I think there is sufficient evidence from reputable sources to conclude that Chopin had gay relationships or desires. It is ridiculous to use the biography by Alan Walker as sole evidence that this is false; if Wikipedia never considered new research or evidence (not that C19 letters are new...) it would be static and defunct. I only referenced the "ambiguities" to appease those less willing to accept this information, who were attributing the content of the letters to norms of the 1830s. I didn't mean to dispute the evidence. Glissando1234567890 (talk) 12:27, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Given the direction in which this discussion is heading (and it appears it is beginning to go in circles), it may be best to do an RfC on the inclusion of these viewpoints in the article, similar to the one on the matter of Chopin's nationality (see the top of this talk page). Toccata quarta (talk) 07:59, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

That would be premature. The WP:ONUS for inclusion is on the advocate here, and this simply fails NPOV WP:WEIGHT. SPECIFICO talk 12:03, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

"Advocate" (singular)? "Simply fails"? Can't say I agree with that characterization of the exchange here. Toccata quarta (talk) 13:07, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I have to admit I generally have prejudice against people who refuse to register a Wikipedia account because that means they are not interested in accepting feedback (which is nearly impossible unless one has a talk page). So for this user who refuses to register, why don't you post a draft of your proposed idea on this talk page to let us see what sources you are using. - kosboot (talk) 13:46, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

You seem to be obstructing the progression of this page by undermining Wikipedia users and reliable sources. And your prejudices are irrelevant, I'm afraid, and voicing them as you did is unnecessary. Glissando1234567890 (talk) 14:16, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

As with Cary Grant, if multiple reliable sources document alleged homosexuality in detail then we could mention somehting like "Some historians have interpreted his letters as an indication that he had homosexual relationships." but we don't need to go into sordid details. But only if reliable sources and historians have written extensively about it, it wouldn't be our place to write about it and interpret letters ourselves or course. Are there many reliable sources which bring it up?† Encyclopædius 14:50, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Ah I see, there was a documentary saying biographers have covered it up. [13] [14] † Encyclopædius 15:34, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

And then go on to quote some of the letters to Tytus Woyciechowski, surely? The doubt cast on his romances with women would have to be mentioned as well. Glissando1234567890 (talk) 16:37, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I presume the main quotes must be these^[1]:

• Sam zapewne czujesz potrzebę moją powrotu do Wiednia, nie dla panny Blachetki, o której, ile mi się zdaje, pisałem, jest to osoba młoda, ładna, grająca, bo ja już może na nieszczęście mam mój ideał, któremu wiernie, nie mówiąc z nim już pół roku, służę, który mi się śni, na którego pamiątkę stanęło adagio od mojego koncertu, który mi inspirował tego walczyka dziś rano, co ci posyłam. Uważaj jedno miejsce + oznaczone. O tym nikt nie wie prócz ciebie. Jakżeby mi było słodko zagrać ci go, najdroższy Tytusie.,
• Daruj, żem Ci posłał Walc, który Cię może i rozgniewa na mnie, ale dalibóg, chciałem Ci nim przyjemność zrobić, bo Cię szalenie kocham.
  • wikt:szalenie - enormously - so translations could be "I love you wildly", "I love you ferociously", or literally per the en.wiktionary, "I love you enormously."

Obviously, interpretations are for external sources, e.g. taking into account the Romantic period conventions, but having the original in front of our eyes should help. How about just stating that Chopin privately declared himself to be "wildly in love" with Woyciechowski in October 1829 and said that nobody else was aware of it, and that Moritz Weber interpreted this as a homosexual relationship? Trump appeared to be wildly in love with Putin, but that didn't necessarily make him homosexual. See bromance. Of course, this analogy is somewhat distant... Boud (talk) 16:48, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Boud: Romance more likely than bromance - consider the words: "I embrace you warmly, so they write commonly at the end of letters, but they do not know what they write - but believe me, I know what I wrote, because I love you". ^[5] Glissando1234567890 (talk) 18:12, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Thank you for these excepts. But Wikipedia requires that we use tertiary sources - that is, not what the original documents say but what others say about them. I recall reading somewhere that Maurice Brown was criticized for suppressing elements of Chopin's sexuality. I'm still waiting to see some reference to these musicologists. A mention in a Swiss radio program does not hold water. - kosboot (talk) 17:00, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Let's add the latest ski conditions at Zermatt. SPECIFICO talk 18:00, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Ok, so I found Norman Lebrecht's reference and link to the Swiss radio broadcast. In my opinion Lebrecht is a sensationalist, writing many things merely to drive attention to his website (for monetary reasons). The speaker of the Swiss broadcast is Moritz Weber, a music critic, certainly not a musicologist or one who has carefully studied these documents. A search of "Chopin and homosexuality" on JSTOR led me to only two citations, one of which I probably can't locate near me. So I post it here in case anyone has access to it: Guy Godlewski, "Chopin genie asexue". Semaine des hopitaux de Paris 55 (1979), 2051-2063. - kosboot (talk) 18:56, 27 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Let us also bear in mind that the cited correspondence of Godlewski's "Chopin, the asexual genius" ("Chopin genie asexue") is difficult to accurately interpret, given the allusions to unknown previous events and given many other ambiguities. I have already mentioned one ambiguity that has been misinterpreted by amateur Chopin-sleuths who, on being informed that the Polish "ideał" is a male-gender noun, have concluded that this "[person] of one's dreams" must therefore be a male, then have jumped to the conclusion that that male must be Chopin's correspondent, Tytus Woyciechowski. Whereas "ideał", in this context, may mean either a male or a female "person of one's dreams". And we know that Chopin shared with Woyciechowski, in letters, his infatuation with the teenage female singer Konstancja Gładkowska.

Nihil novi (talk) 04:27, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Kosboot: You're right that we need tertiary sources if there's ambiguity in the interpretation or notability or if there's a question of due weight. So let's avoid interpretation: we can give a few key quotes that are the key to the claims, without needing any interpretation. We just give a brief comment that Moritz drew attention to this and claims that the info was deliberately hidden. Due weight: the article already has many claims about Chopin's romantic life. So omitting information about Chopin's infatuation with Woyciechowski would be unbalanced. The notability is overwhelmingly obvious in the current Polish context.

@Glissando1234567890: pl:wikt:ideał - The word ,,ideał" in modern Polish is a masculine noun - as in a "revolution" is grammatically feminine or ,,osoba" = a "person" is grammatically feminine, no matter whether the particular person has a penis or a vagina. So a semantic rather than literal translation would be, in the context used, something like "the true love of my life".

We indeed have Ściskam Cię serdecznie, tak piszą pospolicie na końcu listów, ale nie wiedzą, co piszą – wierzaj mi jednak, że wiem, com napisał, bo cię kocham jak.^[5] So I think the question is what to quote. Boud (talk) 15:23, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Boud: Interesting. Glissando1234567890 (talk) 16:17, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

No, the letters' text is a primary source, not an indicator of WEIGHT. What does Groves say? SPECIFICO talk 15:39, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Surely quotes from letters referenced in other sources can be used? Glissando1234567890 (talk) 16:17, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

"Ściskam Cię serdecznie, tak piszą pospolicie na końcu listów, ale nie wiedzą, co piszą – wierzaj mi jednak, że wiem, com napisał, bo cię kocham jak" (Chopin's letter to Tytus Woyciechowski, 20 October 1829)

"I embrace you cordially, as they commmonly write at the end of letters, but they don't know what they write – but believe me, I know what I write, for I love you like"

Even today in Western cultures people, on meeting or parting, often literally embrace, with no suggestion of homo- or heteroeroticism. Chopin, in this breathless, chatty, throughout ambiguous letter, is writing that he truly is fond of his friend. No more need be read into it.

Do you tell platonic friends that you have "dirty dreams"^[6] about them, or that you want to "embrace in the same mouth"? ^[7] You are hell-bent on Chopin being straight. Glissando1234567890 (talk) 18:39

It's time to cut out the original research,and soapboxing. You need to demonstrate DUE WEIGHT, and you need to stop bludgeoning the rest of us with repetitious posts. Thanks. SPECIFICO talk 19:13, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

There would be no need to repeat myself if you and Glissando did not keep repeating yourselves, and repeating your misbegotten "sources" such as the Guardian article with its ignorance of the Polish language ("male" ideał !) and mistranslations (Chopin's chatty 12 September 1829 letter to Woyciechowski, ending in an endearment, "Ściskam Cię serdecznie, 'w same-usta' pozwolisz?", misrendered as "embrace in the same mouth").

As to "dirty dreams", please give me a link to the Polish original, and I'll review that last repetitive argument of yours.

Nihil novi (talk) 20:34, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@SPECIFICO and Glissando1234567890: Cutting out both the WP:WIKILAWYERING and the violation of WP:AGF ("hell-bent", "soapboxing", "bludgeoning") would help here. We have a widely publicised external source - Moritz. The controversy on the current page makes it obvious how notable and controversial the issue is. Back to work! The Guardian didn't give quotes, so now we're working through the quotes, so that we can at least judge the credibility of the third-party source's claims, and decide which quotes to give so that the reader can decide for him/herself. A one-sentence final paragraph: Ściskam Cię serdecznie, „w same-usta” pozwolisz? (suggested translation: "I embrace you warmly, 'right in the mouth', OK?") ^[7] Do we have a source (chopin.nifc.pl?) for "dirty dreams"? Boud (talk) 20:41, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Nobody's questioned your good faith. It's more a matter of failing to follow policy and constructive modes of discussion. SPECIFICO talk 20:53, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

So on this point we agree. :) Boud (talk) 21:03, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

FYI, in 19th century and even in 20th there was nothing unusual or sexual for men kissing, including "in the mouth". Therefore speculations based on interpretations of personal letters must come from experts. Lembit Staan (talk) 21:12, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

For an example of 20th-century men kissing, please see the photograph at "My God, Help Me to Survive This Deadly Love". Lembit Staan (talk) 21:12, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Often, any but the very simplest texts may be rendered in more than one way.

An apposite example, here:

"I embrace you cordially; with, if you permit, a kiss on the lips"

Nihil novi (talk) 21:39, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I am yet to see multiple reliable, secondary high quality sources by musicologists or respected academics. There are "theories" for homosexuality for virtually every major historical figures. Some are have wide scholarly consensus, such as those for Leonardo da Vinci and to a slightly lesser extent Edward II of England. As a featured article, newspaper articles on the sexuality of someone from 200 years ago are not high quality, and the fact that they exist but there doesn't seem to be any equivalent coverage in musicological sources is telling in itself. I admit that I have only skimmed through the conversation but any interpretation of letters is a complete waste of time and more or less completely inadmissible if not from a secondary source, especially on a topic like sexual orientation. Someone needs to start giving passages from serious musicologists if they want to push this issue further, otherwise they're wasting everyone's time. Perhaps the proponents here could, I don't know, look in the biographies actually cited in the WP article for "evidence"? Zamoyski would be a good start. Aza24 (talk) 23:30, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Keep in mind, were the issue here that historians have supposably covered it up, it is extremely unlikely that modern historians would continue to do so, so there should be information available were such a theory to be widespread. Keep in mind that even if Chopin was queer in some sense and there is isn't sufficient information, that's awful and truly unfortunate that this is not covered extensively or "remembered correctly", but Wikipedia isn't for righting great wrongs. Aza24 (talk) 23:56, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Just for completeness, my guess for the "dreams" letter is 670 jeszcze jak mi się wyśni, zupełnie wierzyć będę, bo mi się często śni o Tobie. Ileż to razy biorę ja noc za dzień, a dzień za noc; ileż razy żyję we śnie, a śpię w dzień, gorzej jakbym spał, bo zawsze jednak czuję; a zamiast sił nabierać w tym odurzeniu, tak jakoby we śnie, jeszcze się męczę i słabieję – proszę Cię, kochaj mię.^[8] Boud (talk) 22:36, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Just to clarify the issue of mam mój ideał, któremu wiernie, nie mówiąc z nim już pół roku,^[5] and Yet a translation of Chopin’s letters published in 2016 by Warsaw’s Fryderyk Chopin Institute assigns the “ideal” in the letter a feminine pronoun (“not having spoken to her for half a year now”) even though the Polish noun is masculine. in The Guardian.

The point here is a feminine pronoun, the word "her" in "spoken to her". A correct translation in English requires knowing who the ,,ideał" (ideal [partner]) is. The overall letter makes it clear that the ,,ideał" is Wojciechowski. So The Guardian article is correct in stating that the valid semantic translation should be "not having spoken to him for half a year now"; a literal translation would be "not having spoken to him/her for half a year now". This context would be misleading with the generic gender-neutral "him". The translator either didn't try reading the whole letter, didn't "read with comprehension", or deliberately and misleadingly chose to use "her" despite the grammatical object being a man. So I don't understand the complaints against The Guardian here. Boud (talk) 21:03, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Language use is often ambiguous; and context, as you say, can be crucial.

However, my reading of Chopin's letter, in the original, seems more suggestive of a "her" than a "him". For example, if Chopin were writing to Tytus about Tytus, he would hardly need to remind Tytus that he hadn't spoken with Tytus "for half a year now".

Nihil novi (talk) 21:19, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Reminding Tytus that the two of them hadn't spoken f2f (as opposed to letters) for six months seems a fair way to say "I miss you". The sentence starts Sam zapewne czujesz potrzebę moją powrotu do Wiednia, - You yourself must feel the need for my return to Vienna - which is at least a hint that Wojciechowski could be that person. But in any case, I don't see any hint in the letter of who the ideał might be, if not Wojciechowski. Where is there a hint that the ideał is a woman? A serious translator should at least put either 'him/her' or '[unknown person]' and a note discussing hypotheses for who the grammatical object of the sentence might really be. Boud (talk) 21:51, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

The translation you give for Chopin's "Sam zapewne czujesz potrzebę moją powrotu do Wiednia...", from his 3 October 1829 letter to Tytus Woyciechowski – "You yourself must feel the need for my return to Vienna" – is a bit off the mark.

Chopin is saying, "You doubtless sense my need to return to Vienna..."

Had Chopin meant to say what you have him say, he might have said something like "Sam zapewne czujesz potrzebę mego powrotu do Wiednia..."

Woyciechowski himself was not then in Vienna but in Poturzyn, Poland. And Chopin is justifying the idea of returning to Vienna by the enthusiastic reception he had received there.

Nihil novi (talk) 02:21, 29 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Nihil novi: Excellent point - I misidentified which noun was being described. The differing genders of the two nouns make it clear that you're right on this particular point. Boud (talk) 14:44, 29 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

actually, if you read and search the whole letter from 3.10.1829, you will see that K. Gładkowska is not even mentioned. Her name is only mentioned in unproven footnotes in letter-edtions in various languages.--Chip-chip-2020 (talk) 09:08, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Moritz Weber's talk (audio and transcribed) can be found here (in German). Before considering how to much weight to give this, please examine what else Weber has written to determine whether this is a reliable source. Personally I feel he is not a reliable source at all. - kosboot (talk) 22:57, 28 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Really all this amounts to little more than chit-chat. It is very clear (imo) that Polish writers have been keen to cover up or submerge anything which might subvert the image of Chopin as a national monument, but the positive evidence that he was actively (or even passively) homosexual in his lifetime is vanishingly small. And, (again imo) if he did have a gay fling at any stage, it doesn't seem to be at all signficant to any aspect of his life. To have whole paragraphs about it is certainly WP:UNDUE. If "a number of leading respectable global newspapers print a story", that story still has to be viewed in the context of all other relevant material. Not everything reported by The Times or The Guardian (not in themselves custodians or leaders in music history) becomes automatically material for WP. (And in any case the Guardian arrticle contains a refutation of Weber's suggestins by another academic, David Frick). The suggestion of User:Encyclopaedius that we could add a sentence on the lines of "Some historians have interpreted his letters as an indication that he had homosexual relationships" seems about as far as it is appropriate to go. The key element (again imo) in WP articles is to provide well-sourced and relevant information. We shouldn't go about pruriently listing out or seeking putative references in people's lives for their affairs or flirting, gay or heterosexual, unless we can demonstrate that this is material to their stories. --Smerus (talk) 08:45, 29 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I agree with Smerus.

There is a lot of original research in this section, which is not acceptable for a Wikipedia article.

Also please remember that big claims need big sources.

There is a tendency in modern society to try and "discover" LGBT people in history, and this is sometimes more a matter of fiction than fact. This seems to be an example.

Also please take into account that we are talking about the Romantic area, in which people wrote letters in a style that seems exaggerated to us, but was commonplace in their time, and that style should be interpreted according to the standards of their time, not ours.

Last but not least, I agree with Smerus, that things should be in proportion, as in WP:DUE, and if and when good sources will be available, any mention should probably still be small to very small, since Chopin's sexual orientation is not what he is known for. Debresser (talk) 10:24, 29 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

This does make sense. A short paragraph beginning "some historians..." would suffice. I apologize if I went off piste here earlier; I was trying to make the case for including this information in the page, in some form, rather than suggesting what information should actually be included or how. Glissando1234567890 (talk) 11:34, 29 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Read what they say above. There are no historians that say anything, just a music critic and two other sources which probably don't say much. At this point it's not worth even a sentence. - kosboot (talk) 14:18, 29 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

• I have inserted a paragraph at the appropriate time junction in the 'Life' section. Incidentally, Weber's claim, which he makes much of in the Guardian article, that there is no evindence of Chopin's involvement with or engagement to Wodzinska is just not true, which doesn't say much for his scholarship. As mentioned in the article George Sand wrote to Grzymala in 1838, when she was debating with herself whether to start an affair with Chopin, to ask about Wodzinska. Jachimecki also talks about Chopin conserving Wodzinska's letters, in a bundle on which he wrote 'Moj bieda' ('my sorrow') although he is not an entirely reliable source; there remains a photo of the letterpacket, but the originals seems to have been lost during WWII.--Smerus (talk) 14:41, 29 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

  I have reverted that. It is still UNDUE to elevate this utterly insignificant sourcing inChopin's biography. Smerus, I do appreciate your effort, just think this is pretty black and white. SPECIFICO talk 16:30, 29 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Ну что, I was hoping it might be an acceptable compromise that was within WP guidelines. Can't say I am going to lose any sleep about it, but I would certainly object to any attempt to post anything stronger.--Smerus (talk) 16:54, 29 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

What about this as a footnote in an appropriate place:

"In 2020, a controversial Swiss radio documentary sparked fresh interest in Chopin's sexuality. ^[9][10] The documentary claimed Chopin had a romantic or homoerotic interest in men, citing Chopin's letters to his friend Tytus Woyciechowski, which have been interpreted as declarations of love, and a letter to Julian Fontana, in which Chopin supposedly describes engaging in cottaging.^[11] The claims have been disputed.^[12] " Glissando1234567890 (talk) 21:27, 29 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

No. SPECIFICO talk 22:40, 29 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

SPECIFICO, please offer arguments that rise above "I don't like it" or "No", neither of which helps build consensus. Thank you. Toccata quarta (talk) 06:52, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I need not repeat. See above. SPECIFICO talk 08:41, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Is anyone even reading the words in that line? A "Swiss radio documentary" is all of a sudden a reliable high quality source on a composer's sexuality from 200 years ago? And what, using his letters?? Absolute nonsense. Aza24 (talk) 08:42, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

No, because a) "spark fresh interest" is a WP:OR exaggeration and b) at this length and detail it is clearly WP:UNDUE, as explained above. Do people not have anything better to do on WP than drone on about this essentially trivial bit of attempted sensationalism?--Smerus (talk) 08:52, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Agreed with Smerus and Aza, I certainly don't think it would be appropriate to go into details about the letters. And also depends on if that Swiss documentary was purely done for sensationalism or if there are multiple credible authors who genuinely discuss it and for the right reasons. If no historians have discussed it and it's only one or two people who have mentioned it, it's only worth one sentence if that. "Some commentators have interpreted his letters as an indication that he had homosexual relationships." would suffice. It is purely an interpretation after all.. Aza makes a good point about there being a trend now to interpret many historical greats as being homosexual and the sensationalist aspect of it.† Encyclopædius 14:29, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Smerus: I obviously accept the matter as closed, but I would like to say that sensationalism is never my intention. Many thanks, Glissando1234567890 (talk) 15:54, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Glissando1234567890, noted, but please be assured it wasn't you I had in mind as being sensationalist, rather the broadcaster and the newspapers who picked up the story! Best, --Smerus (talk) 16:14, 30 November 2020 (UTC)[reply]

So: to summarise the argument so far: a couple of shameless blockers have refused point blank to concede the inclusion of the most mild statement of fact. And to ensure this doesn't happen, they have engaged in classic tactics of dissembling, and distortion of Wikipedia rules to their own ends. Of course, as in all such cases, the true reasons behind it have ZERO to do with desiring balance and truth in the article, and EVERYTHING to do with feelings of personal ownership of the article, and in this case, sadly, disgraceful and patently obvious bigotry. They should not be allowed to get away with it. 2001:8003:5309:BA00:E120:FAFE:5069:3953 (talk) 02:27, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

It is very far from a statement of fact, which is why it is controversial and should not be included unless more information surfaces. At the very least, we editors have registered and are responsible for our comments (as well as have many thousands of edits to a large variety of articles), which is far more than anonymous posters can say for themselves. - kosboot (talk) 02:51, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Mate, FIVE FACTS: (1) It is a claim based on authenticated letters (2) The claim -- one that has been discussed in academic circles for many years -- has received world-wide attention, and therefore justifies inclusion in the article (3) There is violent objection in Poland (and mirrored here) to any academic claim that Chopin was bisexual or homosexual due to the country's institionalised homophobia and Chopin's status as a national icon. This statement of fact, referred to in several articles, should also be included. (4) A number of Wikipedia approved news sources stating the claim (including The Guardian and The Times) have been provided to enable citation of the claim (5) All these sources have been dismissed by yourself and a handful of other gatekeepers using every blocking tactic in the book. You've shown you're not remotely interested in rational debate or balanced opinion, so don't insult us by trying to pretend you are. But let me give you some advice from experience. The article WILL CHANGE. It WILL mention these facts. It might not be today. It might not be this month. But it will happen. WHY? Because that change has occurred in EVERY Wikipedia article of similar historical gay/bisexual figures whose sexuality was previously relentlessly erased, and fought over in endless Talk battles like this. I could list them, but the articles are endless. All the energy you're expending to stop the tide of change is for NOUGHT. So instead of having a brain freeze, and trying to hammer up a wall, you can save yourself a lot of stress by conceding a sentence or two now. In any case, without question, with five years the article will contain far more than that on the matter. There's too many gay people demanding their history be recognised, and you, and your fellow blockers, are on the wrong side of history. Lastly, this CNN article [15] provides an excellent summary of the issues, and would be a very good citation. A further important point that Weber stresses, and should be included, is his claim that Chopin's male relationships impacted on his music, and this has been underplayed or erased. 2001:8003:5309:BA00:70DE:C289:77DD:6C6 (talk) 05:48, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Nothing new here relevant to the article. It's interesting that the story seems to be engendering a rumpus in Poland, and it might be appropriate to say something about this row in, e.g. LGBT history in Poland. But no amount of blustering should substitute for sourced evidence as far as this article is concerned. I've already placed a comment on the story in the article, (see here), which has been reverted by another editor. I'm happy if there is consensus to put it up again. --Smerus (talk) 14:38, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

At this point, we need either a stick-drop or an RfC. I agree with Smerus, this may be relevant to content relating to Poland and the history of identity politics there, but there's no consensus here and we should move on. SPECIFICO talk 17:10, 1 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I've just seen this today, so excuse me for dropping in like this.

1. Jeffrey Kallberg's Chopin at the Boundaries: Sex, History, and Musical Genre (1996) has a long discussion of Chopin, that I leave to people adept and patient enough in this style of prose to read.
2. Tad Szulc's Chopin in Paris (1999) gives some carnal quotes from Chopin's letters to Woyciechowski, then claims that they're nothing more than "romance by correspondence"; while his lack of pursuit of Gładkowska he explains as "fear of commitment".
3. Thomas et al., Queering the Pitch (2006) states that: "Composers like Handel and Schubert, even the effeminized Chopin, are still assumed to be stable entities, and scholarship about them continues to assume the default position of sexual orientation until such time as documentation is discovered that equals Casanova's bursting in on Winckelmann while the distinguished classical scholar was putting Greek Love to the practical test in his Rome apartment. The literature about these bachelor composers reveals, however, a constant embarrassment or evasion that supports the point about an ingrained homophobia in music scholarship... More nuanced studies of the circumstances of all these composers may link them to patterns of same-sex love or desire that have been discerned among the literary figures of the age."
4. Vuksanović et al., Creativity and destinies of some homosexual composers (2014) mentions that the meaning of Chopin's letters is still debated.

This, along with the other sources presented, is enough to substantiate a statement on Chopin's sexuality still being a topic of active discussion. François Robere (talk) 19:17, 4 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

As the statement above says, "There is a tendency in modern society to try and "discover" LGBT people in history, and this is sometimes more a matter of fiction than fact. This seems to be an example." I would be willing to accept a sentence saying "Chopin's sexuality still being a topic of active discussion" mainly because "the meaning of Chopin's letters is still debated..." but mainly for the purpose of quenching this discussion which will continue so long as people find that radio show and start editing without looking at this talk page discussion. Since there have been publications of some of Chopin's letters in the past, I'd be willing to accept a paragraph of the various publications of Chopin's letters (including criticism of Maurice Brown's edition), followed by a statement like the one I suggest above (suggested by Robere). - kosboot (talk) 20:38, 4 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

That sounds like a reasonable compromise to me. Toccata quarta (talk) 20:46, 4 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

As I have demonstrated in the foregoing discussions, many statements in the press, such as The Guardian (for example, the alleged significance of the fact that the Polish word "ideał", meaning "a person of one's dreams", is a male-gender noun – for crying out loud, there is no female-gender equivalent in Polish !), have been based on stupid misinterpretations of Chopin's long, breathless, chatty, ambiguous letters (not made easier to read by his failure to split them into paragraphs) and on ignorance of Polish 19th-, 20th-, and 21st-century cultural practices, such as that of males kissing one another (a practice also among the French and other Europeans).

I am still waiting for someone to provide me a link to Chopin's letter with the alleged reference to a "dirty dream".

Nihil novi (talk) 21:14, 4 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I submit that adding, to the article, unsubstantiated allegations of Chopin's homosexuality would be an instance of fake news.

Is Wikipedia now to become a subsidiary of Twitter?

Nihil novi (talk) 23:34, 4 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Editor, The Guardian: At long last, have you left no sense of decency?

Nihil novi (talk) 02:34, 5 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

The letter about the dream and Chopin rubbing himself with byzanthine oils for Tytus to kiss him is the one from 4.9.1830. In the translation by David Frick (NIFC, 2016) its on pages 174f. --Chip-chip-2020 (talk) 08:25, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Thank you for the link.

If someone (David Frick?) has translated Chopin's expression as "dirty dream", this is surely a mistranslation.

Just before putting his signature to this letter to Tytus Woyciechowski, Chopin writes: "Today you will dream you are kissing me. I have to pay you back for the terrible dream [szkaradny sen] you brought me this night."

Care in translating is important. Serious conflicts have been triggered by inaccurate translations.

Again, as to men innocently kissing men, Admiral Horatio Nelson, as he lay dying only 25 years earlier, said, "Kiss me, Hardy" – which, Hardy did, first on the cheek, then on the forehead.

Nihil novi (talk) 10:08, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

"Care in translating is important", so true and totally right, Nihil novi. But there is more than one possibility to translate the adjective "szkaradny", even more if we consider is it ancient polish, and it was written at times were (self)-censorship was common.

But it is even more important to translate pronouns and verb-forms carefully and in the right gender, and not to swap male pronouns to female ones or add dozens of female pronouns. This actually is a severe and tendentious mistake. --Chip-chip-2020 (talk) 13:38, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

None of your alternative senses for "szkaradny" support the "dirty dream" rendering.

Please provide English translations for your German-language references.

Nihil novi (talk) 20:08, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Nihil novi: You may want to use different terminology in the future, as both "allege" and "indecent" suggest impropriety, and there's nothing improper in suggesting some historical figure may have been homosexual. François Robere (talk) 22:01, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

By way of clarification, my exhortation to The Guardian was actually a quotation, minus quotation marks, of Joseph N. Welch's admonition in 1954 to Senator Joseph McCarthy.

Nihil novi (talk) 22:30, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

For persecuting Welch's aide, Fred Fisher. I don't think the Guardian, or anyone else, is persecuting Chopin. François Robere (talk) 23:01, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

A couple more sources:

• Margaret Tilly's The Psychoanalytical Approach To The Masculine And Feminine Principles In Music (1947) mention of his sexual orientation shows that this is not a new question.
• Antoni Pizzá's La vida sexual de Chopin (2010) contains all sorts of anecdotes on Chopin's sexuality as directed both towards men and women.

François Robere (talk) 23:06, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Even a slight bit of searching reveals that neither Tilly nor Pizza are professional musicologists. - kosboot (talk) 03:44, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Pizzá is the Director of the Foundation for Iberian Music at CUNY;[16] Tilly was a concert pianist and Head of Music Therapy at Langley Porter. François Robere (talk) 08:00, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Thank you François Robere for your helpful and interesting comments. I was going to give all this a rest, but I am now moved to seek yet again a worthwhile consensus on this issue.

Let me start with the following points:

• 1) Discussion about Chopin's sexuality is not fake news. It has been discussed by numerous of his biographers and scholars, with varying conclusions; these include Kallberg, Walker, Szulc, etc. These discussions go back over more than twenty years, at least.
• 2) There is no documented evidence that Chopin was a practising homosexual; opinions are based on interpretations of his letters. There is however evidence of his heterosexual involvement with or attraction to various females.
• 3) Opinion about Chopin's sexuality polarizes two groups in contemporary opinion, both of which qualify as non-WP:NPOV:

• 3a) Those who wish to claim him as a gay icon, including, e.g. Thomas et al., Queering the Pitch, and User:2001:8003:5309:BA00:70DE:C289:77DD:6C6
• 3b) Those who wish aggressively to refute any such suggestions, e.g. the present Polish government.

• 4) In the present state of opinion, there is pressure from 'identity politics' to realign many icons of the past as members of 'repressed' groups, especially after media coverage of such suggestions (see e.g. the recent attempt on WP to reclassify Beethoven as black). The media coverage of such initiatives is not however in itself 'evidence' of anything but the wish of the media to enhance audiences, and is not in itself appropriate as a WP source evidencing the underlying issue.
• 5) I am not aware of any evidence that Chopin's sexuality is manifested in any way in his music, or that his homosexuality, if it in fact existed, was a significant element in his life story - but maybe if anyone has such information they could let us know. In the absence of such information any overemphasis in the article on his sexuality would be WP:UNDUE.
• 6) In editing Wikipedia, claims require specific evidence. The resulting articles should offer a neutral point of view and offer reliable sources.
• 7) This is an FA article and we have a responsibility to ensure that it fully reflects responsible discussion on its subject.

In these circumstances, I believe it is entirely appropriate to include a paragraph on the debate over Chopin's sexuality, and indeed I believe it would be "non-neutral" not to include such a reference. The reference should mention the reputable scholars in 1) above and summarize their opinions. It would not go into the minutiae of discussing interpretations of individual Polish phrases and grammar (although it could reasonably cite one or two of the phrases concerned in English translation from a reputable source). It should mention as a subsidiary issue that a journalist's radio talk on the issue in 2020 led to media comment on the matter.

If we can find consensus on this, I will draft such a paragraph. If and as in the course of time the disucssion moves on - by the discovery of additional evidence - that paragraph can always be edited or updated.Smerus (talk) 09:50, 5 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

User:Chip-chip-2020 (new as of 15 Nov 2020) has reverted my revert and includes a paragraph about "Chopin's homosexuality" whose main source is the radio documentary. I don't want to get into an edit war so perhaps someone else can deal with this. - kosboot (talk) 00:55, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

to point 2: No written evidence for the alleged „love“ or „attraction“ or „engagement“ to Gladkowska or Wodzinska, as confirmend by the Chopin Institute Warsaw.--Chip-chip-2020 (talk) 08:25, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Kosboot: and @Chip-chip-2020: - One point is to get WP:CONSENSUS on this page before we alter the article. Another point is not to take as incontrovertibly "true" the comments of a not very well informed Swiss radio programme; there is in fact plenty of 'evidence' about Gladowska and Wodzinska which is at least of the same level of 'reliability' as 'evidence' of Chopin's homosexuality. This is not about WP:OR or WP:IDONTLIKE (or indeed about WP:ILIKE). It's about basing information in this article on reliable secondary sources. That means biographies and academic studies, not third hand reports in the Times, Norman Lebrecht, etc. And please User:Chip-chip-2020 take a look at my point 5) above: it's just WP:UNDUE to seek to 'prove' (or 'disprove') in this article in any detail elements of Chopin's sex-life; any more than it would be to 'prove' his favourite food, flower or fashion tastes. As it happens his sex-life has given rise to (scholarly) debate - we can report that debate and give references, and keep a WP:NPOV.

In the meantime I have reverted the article to its status before this discussion commenced. I ask all editors to accept WP discussion and consensus as the route to finding an appropriate resolution. ---Smerus (talk) 10:17, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

• (ec) Supporting the gist of Smerus's approach. Meaning, as far as I'm concerned there's no dibs on "who" writes the summary, whoever gets the work done is OK for me. The current (that is, at the time I started writing this) summary still relies too heavily on the Swiss radio show, while that show is not the first, nor the most solid, secondary source on the topic. I looked at the radio station's similar programme on Schubert (which I have read a bit more about), and I can say that for certain in Schubert's case the Swiss radio station's approach is very one-sided (basicly ignoring counter-arguments): whether or not there is a ploy to muffle claims of homosexuality for these composers wanders in the domain of conspiration theories which is about the last approach we need to give a NPOV summary of what reliable sources say on the topic. Anyway, the added images are also OK for me, and are a useful addition irrespective of how elaborate the homosexuality sentence(s) or paragraph(s) is (or are) going to be. --Francis Schonken (talk) 10:53, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
• Another thing I've been wanting to mention browsing through all the above is m:Friends of gays should not be allowed to edit articles – please get acquainted with the gist of that page, that is, apart from its comic relief dimension, which may also be welcome seeing all the above. --Francis Schonken (talk) 11:15, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

@Smerus and Kosboot: Suggesting the following "skeleton" per both your comments:

A 2020 documentary aired by SRF raised the question of Chopin's sexuality.(Guardian) Some of Chopin's correspondence with male friends contain homoerotic statements, which have been interpreted as evidence of romantic attraction,(Mortiz) while his music and demeanour have been seen by some as queer.(Kallberg, Thomas) Other scholars, however, state that these were typical of the times and are not indicative of romantic or sexual attraction, and that his attraction towards women, while lacking in written documentation, was real.(Walker, Szulc) The question remains unsettled.(Vuksanović et al.)

François Robere (talk) 12:26, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

As I intimated above, imho the "SRF" part should be dropped, per Smerus's #1 above (more in particular: "... It has been discussed by numerous of his biographers and scholars ...") – I don't think referring the initial announcement of the topic to a 2020 radio show is anything near acceptable. --Francis Schonken (talk) 12:31, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Second this, the Swiss company is neither high quality nor reliable (for a claim such as this, at least imo). As I said earlier, we need to seriously favor academic sources for this issue. Aza24 (talk) 19:44, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

• Here's a New York Times article that talks about Chopin's "... homosexual affair" and was published two years before the SRF documentary was aired: "An Ingenious Frédéric Chopin" by music critic Corinna da Fonseca-Wollheim. --Francis Schonken (talk) 14:43, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I don't know why people are talking about translations of Chopin's letters: As primary sources, they are subject to WP:PRIMARY of which I'll quote the first sentence:

Do not analyze, evaluate, interpret, or synthesize material found in a primary source yourself; instead, refer to reliable secondary sources that do so.

So making your own translations of Chopin are useless because they can't be used in Wikipedia. Secondly, as I mentioned above, Chopin has been the subject of continuing research for nearly 200 years. I strongly feel that anything less than musicological writing should not be given credence, whether from the New York Times or SRF. The sources should be reliable, meaning from peer-reviewed journals (only) or books (which will be generally academic). I can't examine the sources mentioned above until Tuesday but I'll have a look then. - kosboot (talk) 20:35, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Incidentally, the New York Times review of Alan Walker's book [17] seems to include an erroneous quotation from Chopin's 1830-09-04 letter to Tytus Woyciechowski: “Today you will dream that you are embracing me! You have to pay for the nightmare you caused me last night!” The original Polish says nothing about an "embrace", only a "dream", thus: "Today you will dream you are kissing me. I have to pay you back for the terrible dream [szkaradny sen] you brought me this night."

Nihil novi (talk) 21:07, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Comment (ec) The same sourcing problem applied to the article on Franz Schubert, where the discussions/debate on sexuality arose around 1989: often the word "otherness" has been used in that context. I don't think the Swiss opinion piece is particularly illuminating. On the other hand, the detailed article "Small fairy voices: sex, history and meaning in Chopin" by Jeffrey Kallberg in Volume 2 of Chopin Studies 2 (CUP, 2006) seems very good. Kallberg uses the word "otherwordly" in this context. Concerning translations, like Schumann writing about Schubert, English translations have often been made by professional academics. More generally there are plenty of experts on Chopin in the UK, many of whom have gravitated to Cambridge (Rink, Rowland, etc). CUP core material on Chopin is often available on-line, subject to having a subscription. I hope this helps. Mathsci (talk) 21:20, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

By all means, let us give special weight to the views of those who have done extensive research. Often, those are academics.

But let us not be uncritically cowed by academic chairs. I can give examples of academics whose translation skills, and even basic English-language skills, have shown weaknesses. The above New York Times article's faulty translation was presumably quoted from Alan Walker or another academic.

Nihil novi (talk) 22:39, 6 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

The use of press opinion pieces is not acceptable for writing nuanced content about Chopin's sexuality. The peer-reviewed article of Kallberg is an excellent source, extremely nuanced. There is also this 2019 article by Robert Fisk, Emeritus Professor of Music at Wellesley College: "Endangered Tenderness: Schubert, Chopin, and Schumann." It gives a personal perspective, matching with that of Philip Brett, whom Fisk quotes. The request on the talk page of WikiProject Classical Music described the paucity of topics on this particular topic. A greater effort to find peer-reviewed material is required. Alan Walker's book was written very recently, as a nonagenerian not in his prime: it is still obviously a secondary scource, even if Liszt was his forte. Mathsci (talk) 14:39, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

There is also Kallberg's 1996 book,"Chopin at the Boundaries: Sex, History, and Musical Genre", Harvard University Press. (Sections of Kallberg's book have subsequently been reprinted elsewhere.) Mathsci (talk) 15:12, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

There's also Knyt, Erinn E. (2017). "Ferruccio Busoni and the "Halfness" of Frédéric Chopin". Journal of Musicology. 34 (2): 241–280. doi:10.1525/jm.2017.34.02.241. etc, etc. Mathsci (talk) 16:22, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Now some of what's written above makes me curious. Is it OR to translate Chopin's letters from Polish? If so, wouldn't that mean that his letters are acceptable primary sources for pl.wp but not en.wp? What would one do then for a topic that is obviously notable for en.wp, but for which the best sources are in a foreign language, and for which we have reason to believe that the translations available are faulty? Is it out of bounds to refer to the original sources just because a Wikipedian who knows the foreign language has to translate it by him/herself? All that just seems weird to me.

But I'm pretty sure that's also not the case: WP:TRANSCRIPTION explicitly says Faithfully translating sourced material into English, or transcribing spoken words from audio or video sources, is not considered original research. For information on how to handle sources that require translation, see WP:Verifiability § Non-English sources.

In any case, what Nihil novi says above regarding translations is not unheard of. Mozart's letters have often been translated badly too! Double sharp (talk) 04:19, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Thank you, Double sharp! You make the point more elegantly than I could have.

The links that you provide, to "Translations and transcriptions" and to other advice, exactly describe how experienced and conscientious Wikipedia editors in fact proceed when they cite or encounter quoted text in a non-English language with which they are conversant: they provide an English translation – inline, in a footnote, or on the talk page.

Nihil novi (talk) 06:18, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

• Returning to Fonseca-Wollheim's 2018 NYT article:
  • In 2018, musicologist Alan Walker published a Chopin biography, titled Fryderyk Chopin: A Life and Times.
  • On 19 November 2018, the New York Times publishes music critic's Fonseca-Wollheim's book review on that biography.
  • The New York Times is, per WP:RSP, a generally reliable source for Wikipedia's purposes – the only caveat possibly applicable to the case is, as far as I can see, WP:RSOPINION regarding opinions (e.g. whether Fonseca-Wollheim thinks Walker's book is written "brilliantly" or not), which would need a WP:INTEXT attribution.
  • The NYT article quotes from Chopin's letters, in English translation. No OR whatsoever is involved when using such quotes in a Wikipedia article (the importance of these quotes is confirmed by multiple secondary sources).
  • A 21st-century musicologist writing about sexuality in the first half of the 19th century is by definition writing outside their actual field of expertise (that field of expertise being music, not sexuality). So no, musicologists are not by definition the only reliable sources for Chopin's possible heterosexuality, bisexuality, homosexuality, asexuality, or whatever other -sexuality.

The above points to clarify that, as far as I'm concerned, Fonseca-Wollheim's 2018 NYT article can be used as a reliable source in Wikipedia's article on Chopin (but it is, of course, far from the only source in that respect), and that I would also support, because several reliable secondary sources do so, inclusion of one or two quotes from Chopin's letters to Tytus Woyciechowski. --Francis Schonken (talk) 07:46, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

• As for the quote from Chopin's letter of 4 September 1830, I suppose it could be presented more or less like this:

The footnoted references on the translation side are for variant translations, in German and English, of parts of the quote. I suppose the proposed translation may be improved, and/or may at least be checked by volunteers listed at Wikipedia:Translators available#Polish-to-English. For applicable policy, see WP:V#Quoting, which includes "... Translations published by reliable sources are preferred over translations by Wikipedians, but translations by Wikipedians are preferred over machine translations. ... If needed, ask an editor who can translate it for you. ... In articles, the original text is usually included with the translated text when translated by Wikipedians, and the translating editor is usually not cited. When quoting any material, whether in English or in some other language, be careful not to violate copyright; see the fair-use guideline." --Francis Schonken (talk) 14:14, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Well, we are getting a long way away from the point here. Let's say (for the sake of this comment) that Francis's translation is accurate.^[16] It still gives us no evidence about Chopin's sexuality. He might just have been taking the piss out of Woyciechowski, or indeed making fun of his perception of Woyciechowski's sexuality. (We do know for example, that Chopin enjoyed crude jokes, as his account of his night out at the vaudeville with Alkan demonstrates).^[17] Or, of course, he might not - but none of us know. This is why it would be a mistake for us to seek to be experts and reprint large tracts of the correspondence in the article as 'evidence' one way or the other. Instead, as I have said above, we should relate the opinions of reliable secondary sources on the correspondence, give citations, and let those who are interested read further accordingly.--Smerus (talk) 15:56, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

As you offered to do so, I was waiting for your summary based on secondary sources (and trying to keep myself occupied usefully in the mean while). You asked support for an approach, and I think support for the approach you proposed, including mine, has been broad enough to get on with it. I mean, a more formal approval of your approach (if that is what you were waiting for) will likely not be forthcoming in the kind of discussion we're having now (which is less formal than e.g. an RfC or some such more structured discussion). If this wasn't clear yet, I think what we need most now is a summary based on scholarly sources. By now I've read about half of the sources you and François Robere suggested, so might propose my own summary of these sources soon. Anyway, thanks for your proposal which really looks like a useful way out for the wide variety of input added to this section thus far. --Francis Schonken (talk) 19:41, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I want to endorse Smerus's opinion on reprinting letters. These are not documents that one can read at face value. To be in a Wikipedia article (which, except for small quotes, I think is probably inappropriate), I think one would need a lot of apparatus to contextualize what is being said—contextualization that would require a scholarly article in itself. Putting up a letter without context pretty much allows anyone to invent theories about anything mentioned or not mentioned in the letter. - kosboot (talk) 21:28, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Amen. Chopin's letters that I have read are written elliptically, ambiguously, almost in codes that only the addressee is likely to understand.

Nihil novi (talk) 21:45, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Well, contextualising is necessary, that is to say, the contextualising offered by reliable secondary sources. If these sources quote from the letters, there's no reason why Wikipedia shouldn't. What is not necessary is Wikipedia editors steering Wikipedia readers' thoughts. So if multiple interpretations are possible, and that seems to be what secondary sources are saying, then it is not up to Wikipedia to suggest that only one interpretation is correct or whatever. Wikipedia summarizes various reliable sources, presents the gist of their content in a NPOV way, illustrates that with quotes and images, and after that it is up to reader to do with it whatever they like, including, but certainly not limited to, inventing new theories (as in: theories that neither belong in Wikipedia, nor have been published elsewhere before). --Francis Schonken (talk) 21:48, 7 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Attempting a summary of material from Walker's 2018 biography:

After explaining the difficulty of translating 19th-century Polish to 21st-century English—the same Polish phrase could as well be rendered as "give me your lips, beloved" and as "let me embrace you, dearest friend"—biographer Alan Walker quotes this passage, which he considers linguistically less challenging, from one of Chopin's letters to Tytus Woyciechowski:^[18]

According to Walker, the passage is undeniably erotic, but, inasmuch as this and other passages in Chopin's letters to Woyciechowski could be perceived as homosexual in nature, they would not denote more than a passing phase in Chopin's life.^[18][20] Chopin wrote this some time before leaving Poland: <see continuation of proposal in next subsection>

The quote is one of several quotes from Chopin's letters to Woyciechowski in Walker's biography, and exactly the same which I translated above. I chose it while, according to Walker, it is one of the less problematic ones in translation. Sorry Nihil novi that you found fault with the translation of this text above, but it is as it is, according to Wikipedia policy published translations are preferable over ones made by Wikipedia editors. For me, this one quote would suffice, meaning that when also the other authors are summarized on the subject (Kallberg, Szulc, Vuksanović, ...) no other quotes will likely needed to be added to these summaries either. --Francis Schonken (talk) 04:53, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Certainly, Francis Schonken – better to cite a faulty published translation than a more correct, previously unpublished one.

Chopin's "całowac", in its several grammatical variants here, is "to kiss", not Walker's "to embrace" (which in Polish would have been "objąć").

I must here compliment you on your superior command of Polish, in translating Chopin's expression correctly as "to kiss".

If Chopin had meant "nightmare", as Walker has it, he would have used the unequivocal Polish word "koszmar" (borrowed, incidentally, from the French "cauchemar") rather than his ambiguous expression, "szkaradny sen".

But at least Walker has gotten us away from the "dirty dream" that someone originally offered us for "szkaradny sen", and which you have rendered above as "scary dream".

I hope that, having here given us one of Chopin's "less problematic" epistolary quotations, you will favor us with some of his more problematic ones.

Thank you.

Nihil novi (talk) 06:18, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

P.S. A Polish friend suggests rendering Chopin's expression "szkaradny sen" as "bad dream". Strikes me as one of the more plausible and straightforward interpretations.

Nihil novi (talk) 23:17, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I'm quite indifferent which translation is used: the reactions to my own translation seemed less than encouraging at first ("I am not myself sure that [Francis's translation is accurate]", etc). Expanding my suggestion above: we could leave that to Polish-to-English translation volunteers. I'd include some of the secondary sources' criticism of Walker's translations anyhow, but we're not there yet. I mean: my next step would be summarizing Kallberg material (see next subsection), which is still a few steps away from summarizing post-SRF content, and doing this step by step would anyhow mean that a final revision of the combined summaries would eventually be needed (by which time it can be decided which translation, if any, is used). --Francis Schonken (talk) 11:43, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

In connection with Alan Walker's above translation of Chopin's 4 September 1830 letter to Tytus Woyciechowski, Francis Schonken points out that "Chopin wrote this some time before leaving Poland". By way of context, Chopin left Warsaw forever, in the company of Woyciechowski, on 2 November 1830; and the November Uprising broke out on 19 November 1830.

All three of Chopin's letters to Woyciechowski which have been brought to my attention (letters of 3 October 1829, 15 May 1830, and 4 September 1830) were written to Woyciechowski at his estate in the village of Poturzyn in present-day Lublin Province, some 300 kilometers southeast of Warsaw, near Poland's present border with Ukraine.

So these were not billets-doux written by Chopin to a Woyciechowski still staying at the Chopin family's Warsaw room-and-board for teen-age male secondary-school pupils, but letters to a friend whom Chopin missed. The brief more extravagant passages in Chopin's letters to him might conceivably reflect this.

Nihil novi (talk) 20:06, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Continuation of the proposal I started in the #Walker subsection above, this part summarizing content from the Kallberg sources:

Jeffrey Kallberg, a professor of music who has specialised in gender studies,^[21] describes how Chopin was perceived from a few years after his arrival in Paris in 1831 until well into the 20th century.^[22][23] According to Kallberg, Chopin's contemporaries saw him as hermaphrodite or sodomite.^[24][25] Kallberg uses this terminology in its contemperaneous meaning, that is, several decades before a more modern terminology developed.^[26][27] One of the examples mentioned by Kallberg is George Sand's daughter Solange referring to Chopin as Sans-sexe (lit. 'Sexless').^[28][29]

I see no significant differences between Kallberg's 1994/2006 article and his 1996 chapter: I kept references to both, because of the fickleness of google books to show some linked pages, and others not (hoping that at least one of the linked versions would show up for most users). --Francis Schonken (talk) 11:43, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

• Thanks Francis for this. But it raises further problems. Kallberg is an author whom I greatly admire and his comments on the 'sex' of Chopin's compositions is valuable and thought-provoking. But the cites you give are not straightforward. On p. 77 Kallberg writes "we cannot hope to experience images of Chopin as hermaphrodite or sodomite as his contemporaries [...] did." But one needs to read Kallberg's essay as whole to understand that Kallberg is not in fact saying that Chopin's contemporaries saw him as 'homosexual' (and indeed Kallberg goes into some detail on the differences in conception of homosexuality in the 1830s and 1840s to today) - more, on my reading, that their interpretations of his music (as espressed by critics' 'genderization' of forms such as the nocturne etc.) gave rise to "images of Chopin as hermaphrodite or sodomite" etc. Specifically, Kallberg is not saying here, as you paraphrase him, that "Chopin's contemporaries saw him as hermaphrodite or sodomite." This is where we get into deep waters, beyond our encyclopaedic remit, in seeking to interpret sources. We should avoid putting such words in Kallberg's mouth, although his allusive prose style, ingeniously, promotes a spectrum of interpretations. We can say that Kallberg seeks to elucidate the context in which Chopin's sexuality may have been viewed by his contemporaries, both as regards his behaviour and by analogy to supposedly 'feminine' traits in his music. We do indeed have some suggestions by contemporaries that he was asexual; but in fact nothing that supports your rephrasing of Kallberg, that he was generally thought of as "hermaphrodite or sodomite" . --Smerus (talk) 13:29, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
  • @Smerus: I'd really like to invite you to write a better summary, irrespective of whether you see anything worth salvaging from my first go at it above. --Francis Schonken (talk) 14:37, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

• I will sleep on it, hopefully with less disturbing dreams than Chopin's, and try tomorrow.--Smerus (talk) 18:39, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

À propos, I repeat my earlier postscript (with a view to giving it more exposure):

A Polish friend suggests rendering Chopin's expression "szkaradny sen" as "bad dream". Strikes me as one of the more plausible and straightforward interpretations.

Nihil novi (talk) 23:17, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Proposed summary of the 2014 psychiatric journal article:

According to a 2014 article in Archives of Psychiatry Research, the jury is still out on whether Chopin was homosexual.^[30]

I find the history side of the article rather weak (comparing to what I said about SRF's broadcast on Schubert, I think this article doesn't do better on this composer, e.g. keeping to "typhoid fever" as cause of death, which is no longer mainstream for several decades). --Francis Schonken (talk) 12:57, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

This strikes me increasingly as a silly coatrack that's quite beside the point of this article. SPECIFICO talk 18:43, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

An incredibly trivial outing by the "Croatian physicians' music society (CMA)" (sic). Scarecely a credible heavyweight authority.--Smerus (talk) 21:42, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

This, or something like it, could possibly be the concluding lines of the summaries of reliable sources on Chopin's sexuality:

A 2020 Swiss radio broadcast rattled the tree, not so much in ascribing homosexual tendencies to Chopin (which had been discussed in earlier publications), but in describing much of the earlier reports on Chopin's attraction to women as exagerrations, if not downright fabrications.^{[31][32][33][34]} There appears to be little or no concrete historical evidence of Chopin's so-called infatuation with Konstancja Gładkowska or other women, nor of his so-called bethrotal to Maria Wodzińska—which could not be contradicted by an interviewed spokesperson of the Fryderyk Chopin Institute.^{[31][32][33][34]}

(for the time being not yet incorporating my earlier idea to write something here about the flack Walker's translations got). --Francis Schonken (talk) 14:33, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Can you imagine Grove Dictionary or Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart citing a newspaper article or a radio broadcast as a source for anything? Perhaps as a start we could decide whether to agree on only peer-reviewed literature? -- kosboot (talk) 15:09, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I agree with that sentiment. While such a program can be mentioned as an example of the controversy around Chopin's sexuality, opening a paragraph discussing such a topic (in the biography of a historical figure on whom tons of scholarly literature are available) with reference to a 2020 radio broadcast is pure WP:RECENTISM. Toccata quarta (talk) 16:18, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Well, as said, I proposed this as closing lines of a paragraph, not as opening lines. --Francis Schonken (talk) 16:31, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Fair enough, and my apologies for missing that part. Yes, putting such information towards the close of a paragraph would be reasonable, provided the broadcast itself is deemed worthy of mention. Toccata quarta (talk) 17:43, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Re. "provided the broadcast itself is deemed worthy of mention" – if one starts to think about it... a Swiss radio broadcast gets dedicated articles in several reputable news outlets (including also The Times) – how often does that happen? Per Wikipedia's standards, that is the WP:GNG rules, that would mean the Swiss radio broadcast is eligible to get a stand-alone Wikipedia article (not that I think it should, but these are the rules). A mention in one or two sentences in the Wikipedia article about the topic of that broadcast does however seem a bare minimum imho. --Francis Schonken (talk) 06:32, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

That is, of course, one factor to be considered; others include WP:1E and the aforementioned WP:RECENTISM. Toccata quarta (talk) 09:10, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Nah, WP:1E does not support your case, on the contrary (did you actually look at the guidance before linking to it?) omitting mention of the radio show: that guidance is about individuals who are known for only one event. Thus, if we were considering to write a separate article about either Moritz Weber or his 16 November 2020 radio show, the guidance is clear: "The general rule is to cover the event, not the person" – which supports creating a separate article about the radio show. The 1E guidance says nothing about a GNG-passing event in relation to a well-known person who already has a well-established separate Wikipedia article like Chopin, so is generally *not* a "factor to be considered" here. --Francis Schonken (talk) 09:37, 9 December 2020 (UTC) (updated in view of comment below 10:14, 9 December 2020 (UTC))[reply]

As if I had stated any such "case" in my previous comments. Please do not claim I hold views that I have neither endorsed nor distanced myself from. Toccata quarta (talk) 09:59, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

True, & sorry about misunderstanding: updated my post above. But still, you saying WP:1E being a "factor to be considered" in the context seems way too far-fetched (see my updated comment above). --Francis Schonken (talk) 10:14, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

(ec)I suppose Wikipedia often performs considerably better than Grove's. E.g. according to Grove Music Online, Ennio Morricone is still alive and kicking ([18]). Wikipedia's article, on the other hand, has the correct information on the composer's death... referenced to two newspapers. Anyhow, if doubts persists on whether the above proposed article content is reliably sourced, it can be taken to WP:RSN (which, by the way, has already decided on the general reliability of some of the sources used for referencing the above proposal). --Francis Schonken (talk) 16:31, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Edits by Chip-chip-2000 on Chopin and sexuality have so far been reverted by Toccata quarta, Nihil novi, Smerus and Kosboot. No reasonable alternative content has yet been provided. From what regular editors have written, consensus is against including quotations in Polish with parallel English translations (the biography of Chopin by Alan Walker gives references to prior English translations). Regarding Jeffrey Kallberg, he is Professor of Music at the University of Pennsylvania, specialising in 19th- and 20th-century music, editorial theory, critical theory, and gender studies. In the 2017 book "Chopin and his World" published by Princeton University Press, Kallberg's contribution is entitled "Chopin and Jews". That sensitive material is again probably WP:UNDUE for the current general article on Frédéric Chopin, but shows how careful editors have to be. Mathsci (talk) 13:30, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

In general, consensus is leaning towards acknowledging the existence of controversy surrounding Chopin's sexuality (and I'm personally in favor of that). What sources to cite, what weight to give various scholars, to what extent should the history of the controversy be covered in the article, whether (media) accusations of suppression of Chopin's (alleged) homosexuality should be covered in the article, whether to reproduce some of Chopin's correspondence, and how good the various translations in the scholarly literature and in media articles are, are some of the topics on which we do not have much consensus. The discussion is trying to cover a wide array of topics and would be much better handled by an RfC, in which the proponents of the various options could put forward their best arguments for what (if anything) should be added/changed in the article's coverage of the topic and Wikipedians could WP:!VOTE. The present discussion is already 100,000 bytes long and a resolution under the present format is nowhere in sight. Toccata quarta (talk) 14:31, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

(ec) For the article Franz Schubert, a neutral paragraph was written: "In 1989 the musicologist Maynard Solomon suggested that Schubert was erotically attracted to men, a thesis that has, at times, been heatedly debated. The musicologist and Schubert expert Rita Steblin has said that he was "chasing women". The theory of Schubert's sexuality or "Schubert as Other" has continued to influence current scholarship." This approach could also be used for Chopin. Kallberg discusses Chopin's "otherworldly" nature and his ambivalent sexuality; the words "latent" and "homoerotic" have also been used. Three sentences for Schubert were sufficient in June; and I think probably no more than three or four are needed now. Perhaps it's a good idea that any RfC should be initiated by editors who have already played a major role in bringing this article to FA status, such as Smerus, Nihil nisi, JackofOz and you. Mathsci (talk) 15:57, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

The edit history is clear enough for the article Frédéric Chopin. I checked the statistics. I am sorry for the interruption. Mathsci (talk) 16:04, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

My experience with RfCs is that they are rarely any good for *generating* article prose (as in: starting from a blank), that's why I'm working on article prose proposals, and inviting others to do likewise, while RfCs usually perform much better at selecting between proposals and counterproposals that are worth consideration, and/or at suggesting improved versions of such more or less coherent proposals. --Francis Schonken (talk) 14:46, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I suggest making a short list of statements and the sources supporting them, and building on that. François Robere (talk) 17:45, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

But first we need to agree on what sources can be used/cited. - kosboot (talk) 17:59, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Sometimes an RfC is helpful to first determine whether anything at all should be added about this. It's not clear that would result in Yes at this point. SPECIFICO talk 18:27, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I agree with Kosboot that locating good sources is the first step. The articles of Antoni Pizà, Margaret Tilly and recent press opinion pieces are a bit iffy. The entry for "Sexuality, Sex" in Grove online mentions Chopin; it was written by Kallberg. Similarly "Gender and Music". Mathsci (talk) 18:46, 8 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

I propose a parallel tack: the compilation here of an anthology of Chopin's epistolary outrages, comprising the original Polish texts and variant English translations.

The shaky record of some of Chopin's translators might suggest additional criteria for evaluating his respective commentators – on the venerable principle of "garbage in, garbage out".

— Preceding unsigned comment added by Nihil novi (talk • contribs) 00:13, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

"an anthology of Chopin's epistolary outrages" seems rather something for wikiquote:Frédéric Chopin. I'd still not compile more than one or two quotes from that in the Wikipedia article. --Francis Schonken (talk) 06:44, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

And we're still limited in terms of how to evaluate the quotations ourselves due to WP:OR. François Robere (talk) 11:28, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

What you're trying to say eludes me. What should we (that is: Wikipedia editors) want to evaluate about quotations "ourselves"? Quotations being primary sources, the policy (i.e. WP:PRIMARY) answer to that question would be: nothing, rien, nada (quoted from policy: "Do not ... evaluate ... material found in a primary source yourself ..."). You're of course free to evaluate whatever you want yourself, but, by policy, none of that is material that can be included in Wikipedia. And since this talk page is not a blog either (WP:NOTBLOG policy), your personal evaluations of primary sources such as quotations don't seem very appropriate here either. So, can you please explain what it is exactly you want to achieve? --Francis Schonken (talk) 14:54, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

My proposal is to go to the source material – the several brief passages in letters from Chopin that some find to be suggestive of homosexuality in him – and see how accurately they have been translated into English. Some clearly have not been accurately translated; and conclusions drawn from inaccurate translations may be dubious.

Nihil novi (talk) 19:33, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Nihil novi, that is strictly forbidden by Wikipedia policy, since it would be original research. Our job is to report what secondary sources say, not judge whether they are accurate or not. After all, perhaps the source knows something about 19th-century Polish that we Wikipedia editors do not. That's certainly very unlikely, especially since many of us here (but not I) are native Polish speakers, but it's still possible. If we evaluate the primary sources to judge the secondary sources, we're making Wikipedia itself into a secondary source. Gbear605 (talk) 20:22, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

We are in process (please see "source evaluation" section, below) of evaluating sources pertinent to the question of Chopin's sexual orientation. How do you propose that those sources be evaluated without taking account of how reliably they make use of their sources? - Nihil novi (talk) 01:44, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

It is not for us to judge what people publish (at least on WP). See: Wikipedia:Verifiability,_not_truth. In our discussion here you can say that a source provides a dubious translation, but we can't say that on WP unless someone has published that opinion. We can evaluate the sources based on the reputation of the authors and the publications, remembering that this is a complex topic that ephemeral media (newspapers, radio broadcast) would not and can not cover adequately. - kosboot (talk) 01:56, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

We can evaluate secondary sources without directly using the primary sources. For instance, we might find a source that discusses the other sources, or we might find information that an author isn't reputable. We might also find internal inconsistencies. That would all be perfectly fine. What we want to avoid is saying "well, I translated the Polish and I disagree with the understanding of the source, so we shouldn't include the source." That's true regardless of whether you think the Polish says that Chopin was homosexual and the secondary source disagrees, or whether you think the Polish says that Chopin was heterosexual and the secondary source disagrees. Similarly if this were an English source, where a the meaning of a letter in English was disputed, we still shouldn't not cull the source because we disagree with the meaning of it. We would probably not present it in wiki-voice (perhaps saying "Professor John Doe interprets ..."), but we should still include it to the degree that it is due. Gbear605 (talk) 04:48, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

We're not here to write a dissertation or express what we think, or feel (or hope). We're here to present a narrative for the reader about Chopin, of matters that are not WP:UNDUE, supported by citations from sources which are reliable according to WP standards. (see my comments in the next section).--Smerus (talk) 10:00, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Please add below. François Robere (talk) 11:30, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

• Tilly, Margaret (1947). "The psychoanalytical approach to the masculine and feminine principles in music". American Journal of Psychiatry. 103 (4): 477–483. doi:10.1176/ajp.103.4.477. ISSN 0002-953X.
  • I have acquired a copy of Margaret Tilly's 6 page article on music therapy. Tilly was a concert pianist in the 1920s, performing at the Wigmore Hall. She then moved to the Bay Area in California, living in Marin County and working in San Francisco. She had contact with Carl Jung. Tilly proposed her own psychoanalytical theory dividing male composers between "Neurotic Feminine" (NF) and "Masculine" (M). The M qualities are "Form, Impersonality, Direct Approach, Drive, Rhythmic power, Sustained thought and emotion, Superior thinking, Great output of large works"; the NF qualities are "Mood, Personal approach, Indirection, Rhythm subservient to melody and harmony, Quickly shifting emotions, Love of decoration per se, Small output with small works predominating." Tilly gives three examples for each of NF (Chopin, Tchaikovsky, Liszt) and M (Bach, Handel, Beethoven). Tilly gives thumbnail sketches of the composers using sources from 1890s–1920s. About Chopin, Tilly writes, "pampered ... because he was weak and sickly. This led to an adult life of deeply dependent relationships with both men and women. He made strong projections, lasting all his life, on two men met in early youth, with homosexual relations indicated but not proved." Tilly's theories seem to be of very little value for wikipedia. It is hard to get any biographical details of Tilly. A 1920 review for a Wigmore Hall concert was not complimentary. Mathsci (talk) 11:18, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
• Kallberg, Jeffrey (1998). "Small Fairy Voices: Sex, History, and Meaning in Chopin". Chopin at the Boundaries: Sex, History, and Musical Genre. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674127913.
  • {excellent source) Mathsci (talk) 12:20, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
  • Seemingly the most reliable source among others mentioned, as Kallberg has been writing about Chopin for decades. - kosboot (talk) 14:07, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
• Fisk, Charles (2019). "Endangered Tenderness: Schubert, Chopin, and Schumann". In Fred Everett Maus; Sheila Whiteley (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Music and Queerness. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199793525.013.18.
  • Possible source by academic musicologist from Wellesley College. Mathsci (talk) 11:48, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
• Szulc, Tad (1999). Chopin In Paris: The Life And Times Of The Romantic Composer (1st Da Capo Press ed ed.). New York: Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-80933-8. OCLC 42289720. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help); Check |first= value (help)
• Queering the pitch: the new gay and lesbian musicology. Philip Brett, Elizabeth Wood, Gary C. Thomas (2nd ed ed.). New York: Routledge. 2006. ISBN 978-0-415-97883-5. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help)CS1 maint: others (link)
  • Highly-cited work (481 citations on Google Scholar). Co-author Philip Brett was a pioneer in the study of LGBTs in music. François Robere (talk) 18:10, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
  • But only one passing reference on page 375: "the effeminized Chopin". This is clutching at straws. Mathsci (talk) 11:36, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
• Pizzá, Antoni (2010). "La vida sexual de Chopin". Itamaer. Revista de investigación musical: territorios para el arte. 3. ISSN 2386-8260.
• Marina Vuksanović; Darko Breitenfeld; Branimir Krištofić; Danijel Buljan; Ivan Šimunec; Zoran Zoričić; Ankica Akrap; Marija Živković (2014). "Creativity and destinies of some homosexual composers". Alcoholism and psychiatry research: Journal on psychiatric research and addictions. 50 (1): 63–75.
• Walker, Alan (2018). Fryderyk Chopin: A Life and Times (First edition ed.). New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 978-0-374-15906-1. OCLC 1005818033. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help); Check |first= value (help)
  • Walker's quotation from Chopin, as given above, contains several inaccuracies which – though Walker "very much doubts" homosexuality in Chopin – nevertheless may tend to distort views of the composer. Nihil novi (talk) 19:39, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
• Fonseca-Wollheim, Corinna da (2018-11-19). "An Ingenious Frédéric Chopin". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-12-09.
  • This is a music critic for the New York Times and has not been involved with music for much of her career. I would discount this. - kosboot (talk) 23:11, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
• Weber, Moritz (2020-11-16). "Spätes Outing - Chopin war schwul – und niemand sollte davon erfahren". SRF (in German). Retrieved 2020-12-09. (and related documentary and press coverage)
  • I object to including this item by an author whose research credentials appear to be far less than others. - kosboot (talk) 19:17, 9 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]
• You're going crazily over the top here. This is not a source list for the article 'Frederic Chopin' - to which we are talking about adding a paragraph or two to endure that the topic does not become WP:UNDUE in a biography of the composer. And what we need for WP (which is an encylopaedia, not a dissertation) for an article on Chopin is a narrative supported by citations, not transcriptions or paraphrases of cites. What you propose here is a list of sources for a WP article 'Chopin and sex' - which somebody may or may not wish to write.

All you need imo for citations, meeting WP's critera, to support a narrative in the present article are Kallberg (various works) (the most significant imo), Szulc, Walker, and, crucially (what is omitted above) an edition of Chopin's letters - I would suggest the Frick translation, which has an intro by Kallberg. Maybe Brett et al., which I haven't looked at yet [Breaking news: Brett et al. appears to mention Chopin only once, in passing on p.375 where it describes him, obscurely and without explanation, as "effeminized" - so I think we can leave this source out]. I will suggest an outline narrative later today. As for the rest - Vuksanovic et al. is a pathetic unreferenced schoolboy-style compilation which has no authority whatever - Weber's broadacast is essentially trivial, seeking to make a sensationalist point by claiming Chopin's sexuality is news and smudging over counter evidence - Pizzá ?wtf? - : the Times and Guardian comments on Weber I will reread to see if they have anything useful to say.--Smerus (talk) 09:14, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

• Here by the way is the abstract of the aricle by Pizá (note spelling) -

Music historiography and popular culture have passed on an image of Chopin as a weak and asexual human being. This cliché has even left a mark on thinkers such as Sartre and his work Nausea. However, a reading of the composer’s correspondence offers an image of a human being with quite normal sexual concerns. As a young man, Chopin had a close relationship with Titus Woyciechowski, a bond considered by many as a homosexual involvement. Later on, he frequented Altolphe de Custine’s circle, an openly gay writer and aristocrat. The correspondence (possibly fraudulent) between Chopin and Delphina Potocka, which never before has been glossed in Spanish, presents a serious, if unsuccessful, attempt to heterosexualize the composer. Deep down, Chopin’s sexual life has never failed to awaken the curiosity of music lovers and to generate discourse among experts

Actually imo a reasonable summary of the situation (except that I think the Potocka correspondence is definitely fraudulent).--Smerus (talk) 09:45, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Pizà uses Nigel Cawthorne's "The Sex Lives of the Great Composers" as a source. Similar to The Daily Mail. Mathsci (talk) 12:33, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

1. I agree with Smerus's comment above. The standard of evidence that's been suggested here rivals that of WP:BLP. I suspect in the end there'll be consensus to include the major biographies and other highly-cited works, and we'll be back at a compromise more or less like that I suggested earlier.
2. One thing that's been overlooked here is the fact that the biographers (particularly Walker and Szulc) are no more qualified to determine that Chopin's feelings have been "twisted" or "transferred" (the first being a disturbing, but suggestive choice of words), than the psychiatrists are to interpret his letters - written in 19th century Polish - as displays of romantic affection. Both are out of their field in making this assessments.
3. But the reason they do is spelled out by Brett and Wood, and should be noted - at least in this forum: trying to heteronormalize Chopin and his associates, sometimes clumsily.
4. Moritz as a source may be questioned by some (though I do encourage everyone to take a look at the SRF piece), but there is something we should take from it: the admission by Fryderyk Chopin Institute spokesperson Aleksander Laskowski that there's no direct evidence that he was ever involved with either Maria Wodzińska or Konstancja Gładkowska, romances which the current text claims in Wikivoice.
5. Which brings us back to a simple compromise stating what the question is and what answers have been given, without judging one way or the other. François Robere (talk) 13:34, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

There are three main collections of Chopin's letters translated in English:

• Chopin's Letters (1931).
  • Based on Henryk Opieński's collection
  • Translations by Ethel Voynich
• Selected Correspondence of Fryderyk Chopin (1962).
  • Based on Bronisław Edward Sydow's collection
  • Translations by Arthur Hedley
• Chopin's Polish Letters (2016). ISBN 9788364823190.
  • Published by the Fryderyk Chopin Institute.
  • Translations by David Frick

A 2017 review comparing these translations was written by Barbara Milewski of Swarthmore College, and is available here or here.

A listing of the letters, and their editions (that is, up to c. 2010) can be found here – that is pp. 43ff of Frédéric Chopin: A Research and Information Guide by William Smialek and Maja Trochimczyk (2nd edition: 2015). ISBN 9781135839048

For clarity, the translations in Walker's 2018 Chopin biography, e.g. pp. 108ff, are *not* taken from any of these previously published collections. --Francis Schonken (talk) 13:38, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

From the last paragraph of the Frédéric Chopin#Education section:

[Chopin] was also attracted to the singing student Konstancja Gładkowska. In letters to Woyciechowski, he indicated which of his works, and even which of their passages, were influenced by his fascination with her; his letter of 15 May 1830 revealed that the slow movement (Larghetto) of his Piano Concerto No. 1 (in E minor) was secretly dedicated to her – "It should be like dreaming in beautiful springtime – by moonlight."^[35]

The "Zamoyski (2010)" footnote refers to:

Zamoyski, Adam (2010). Chopin: Prince of the Romantics. London: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-735182-4 (e-book edition).

For clarity: I have no access to the "Zamoyski (2010)" source. Issues that need resolving:

• The issue mentioned in François Robere's 4th point above;
• Another quite annoying point is that there appears to be a confusion between Chopin's letter of 3 October 1829 (which speaks about a dedication, however without naming any dedicatee, and about the slow movement of the Op. 21 piano concerto) and his letter of 15 May 1830, which mentions no dedication nor a fascination for an unnamed person, and even less a name of a dedicatee, and speaks about the slow movement of the Op. 11 piano concerto. For clarity: neither letter mentions Konstancja Gładkowska's name, but it is the first of these letters (the 3 October 1829 one) which according to Walker is the evidence that the slow movement of the Op. 21 concerto (not of the Op. 11 concerto) was dedicated to her ([19]). Someone got the letters (with or without dedication suggestion) and concertos (1st and 2nd) mixed up. Since I have no access to Zamoyski (2010) I can not check whether that is what that author (apparently erroneously) assumes, or whether this is a cock-up that happened at Wikipedia side.

--Francis Schonken (talk) 14:33, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

Something on these lines, possibly. I don't yet have all the references, and don't have access to all of Kallberg's essays: I'm away from my own library at the moment and access to the BL or university libraries is not on these days. But here's an attempt to cover the issues - references just in brackets, or in square brackets where they need to be filled in. I believe that it is also neutral, physically proportionate to the length of the article, and covers the essential issues.

The American musicologist Antoni Pizá notes that “Chopin’s sexual life has never failed to awaken the curiosity of music lovers and to generate discourse among experts” (Pizá, (2010)). In Chopin’s own time, as the music historian Jeffrey Kallberg has noted, “listeners to the genre of the piano nocturne often couched their reactions in feminine imagery” and he cites many examples of such reactions to the nocturnes of Chopin (Kallberg (2010), “The Harmony of the Tea Table: Gender and Ideology in the Piano Nocturne”, ‘’Representations ‘’, No. 39 (Summer, 1992), pp. 102-133, pp. 104- 6). One reason for this may be ‘demographic’ – there were more female than male piano players than men, and playing such ‘romantic’ pieces was seen by male critics as a female domestic pastime. Such genderization was not commonly applied to other piano genres such as the scherzo or the polonaise. (Kallberg (2010), pp. 106-107). “To be associated with the feminine was also often to be devalorized” (Kallberg (2010), p. 110), and such associations of Chopin’s music with the ‘feminine’ did not begin to shift until the early twentieth century when pianists such as Artur Rubinstein began to militate against sentimental ‘salon’ style of playing these works and musical analysis of a more rigorous nature (such as that of Heinrich Schenker) began to assert itself. (Kallberg (2010), pp. 111-112).

Such attitudes may also have influenced opinion about the composer’s sexuality, although debate about this only began to expand towards the end of the 20th century. Evidence relating to Chopin’s sexuality dating from the composer’s lifetime and considered by his biographers and music historians has been based on his correspondence, particularly some letters to Woyciechowski [reference to pages in the translations by Frick], his association with de Custine, and the comments of some of his contemporaries on his ‘asexuality’. [references]. The Woyciechowski correspondence is ambiguous; although, with its erotic references to dreams and offered kisses and embraces it is not itself evidence of homoerotic activity by the composer, Chopin’s biographer Alan Walker considers that, inasmuch as this and other passages in Chopin's letters to Woyciechowski could be perceived as homosexual in nature, they would not denote more than a passing phase in Chopin's life. (Walker (2018), pp. 208-10). It is also clear that Chopin’s relationship with George Sand offers no evidence of being intensely (or even casually) physical; Sand’s stepdaughter is recorded as calling Chopin ‘sexless’. [reference(s)]. Debate provoked by a Swiss radio broadcast in 2020 alleging (despite longstanding scholarly debate on the topic) that Chopin’s homosexuality had been ‘airbrushed’ (Weber (2020)) gave rise to differing opinions amongst the laity, notably in Poland, where such ideas have not obtained currency to date; nationalists were upset, although the Polish LBGT activist Bart Staszewski wrote “"Let's say it openly. Yes, Chopin was at least bisexual." A spokesman for the Chopin Institute commented "Because Chopin was rather discreet about revealing his intimate life even to his closest friends, [...] it is difficult to build theories about this aspect of his life."(Picheta (CNN) 29 November 2020).

Smerus (talk) 14:01, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

The 2010 ebook "Chopin: Prince of Romantics" by Adam Zamoyski has already been used many times in the article. Chapter 4, "Adolescent Passions", describes in detail the friendship with Tytus. The passage is translated there as:

"I must go now and wash. So don’t embrace me now, as I haven’t washed myself yet. – You? If I anointed myself with fragrant oils from the East, – you wouldn’t embrace me, not unless I forced you to by magnetic means. But there are forces in Nature, and tonight you will dream that you are embracing me. – I have to pay you back for the nightmare you caused me last night!"

Zamoyski explains the context quite carefully, so that avoids the use of primary sources. The quote is prefaced by,

"These letters ... are freely strewn with declarations of love and affinity, and contain passages of extraordinary sensuality. This has prompted some to conclude that the two young men were or had been lovers. On the face of it, the equivocal references ... make this appear plausible. Chopin signs ... with [a] ... jumble of childishness and coy eroticism"

and followed by

"Taken out of context, this may appear a little risqué, as might the endless kisses sent and demanded ... But these expressions were ... common currency in Polish, and carry no greater implication than ... 'love' ... today. And ... infantile eroticism in the letters are of little significance ... The spirit of the times ... favoured extreme expression of feeling and glorified transcendent friendship, and it is probably this that lies at the heart of these letters ... While the possibility cannot be ruled out entirely, it is highly unlikely that the two were ever lovers. Had the slightly sentimental relationship between the older ... boy and his ... classmate really developed into a sexual rapport, it would almost certainly ... have become an exclusive and long-lasting passion."

(I have omitted half the words for copyvio reasons, but you or regular editors of the article will already have the ebook.) Mathsci (talk) 17:31, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]

The proposed addition by Smerus looks good to me. I may scrutizine it in more detail later on, so I will offer just two quick comments for now:

• "nationalists were upset": the source does not mention nationalism. I would put "conservatives", which would include anti-LGBT attitudes among the public, some representatives of the Catholic Church in Poland and some politicians (all mentioned in the source).
• "It is also clear that Chopin’s relationship with George Sand": The part preceding "Chopin’s" is editorializing and should be removed. Toccata quarta (talk) 19:49, 10 December 2020 (UTC)[reply]