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The transportation system of Metro Manila is a cooperation of complex systems of infrastructure. The first automobile and trams in the Philippines first ran through the city. Throughout the metropolis, different means of transportation can be used such as buses, jeepneys, taxis, trains, tricycles, and even horse carriages (Kalesa), which are now only used in the major streets of Manila. Metro Manila is served by three types of main railway networks: the Manila Light Rail Transit System (LRT), the Manila Metro Rail Transit System (MRT) and the Philippine National Railways (PNR). Manila is also the headquarters of the main terminal of the Philippine National Railways.

Public transport

Manila, being a major city, offers various transportation options. The most famous of these modes is the public jeepney, which has been in use since the years immediately after World War II. Buses, air-conditioned metered taxi and Tamaraw FX mini-vans are also popular forms of transportation. Auto rickshaws (referred to as "tricycles" in the Philippines) and pedicabs are used for short distances. In some areas, especially in Divisoria, two stroke motors are fitted in the pedicabs and are used for goods transport. Regardless of modernity, horse-drawn calesas are still used in the streets of Binondo and Intramuros. Buses and taxis are also other important means of public transportation in the metropolis.

Trains are now also being a popular means of public transportation in Metro Manila. The metropolis is served by the Manila Light Rail Transit System (LRT), the Manila Metro Rail Transit System (MRT) and the Philippine National Railways (PNR). The automated guideway transit system in UP Diliman will be the first of its kind in the Philippines. It will be developed within the campus of the University of the Philippines Diliman in Quezon City and will serve as a test track for the first mass transit system to be built and developed in the country by local engineers.^[1]

Land transportation

Roads

EDSA

Katipunan Avenue

Ayala Avenue

The main roads of Metro Manila are organized around a set of radial and circumferential roads that radiate and circle in and around Manila proper. Roxas Boulevard, easily the most well-known of Manila's streets, line the southern shores of Manila with Manila Bay. The boulevard is part of Radial Road 1 that leads south to the province of Cavite. Epifanio de los Santos Avenue or EDSA serves as an important highway in the metropolis. It is also the main thoroughfare linking the different cities of the metropolis. Another well-known radial road is España Boulevard (part of Radial Road 7) that starts in Quiapo and ends at the Welcome Rotonda along the border with Quezon City. Pres. Sergio Osmeña Sr. Highway, part of the South Luzon Expressway or Radial Road 3 is the most important highway linking Manila with the provinces of southern Luzon. Katipunan Avenue, Quezon Avenue, España Boulevard, Ayala Avenue and the C-5 road are also other important roads in Metro Manila.

Bridges

There are a total of sixteen bridge spans in Metro Manila that crosses the Pasig River, including three rail bridges, the Light Rail Transit 1, Metro Rail Transit 3 and the Philippine National Railways track. The bridges listed below are in a west to east order, with the first bridge nearest to the mouth of the Pasig River into Manila Bay.

Roxas Bridge - formerly called Del Pan Bridge (San Nicolas to Port Area)
Jones Bridge - formerly called Puente de España (Binondo to Ermita)
McArthur Bridge (Sta. Cruz to Ermita)
LRT 1 (Carriedo Station to Central Station)
Quezon Bridge (Quiapo to Ermita)
Ayala Bridge (San Miguel to Ermita)
Mabini Bridge - formerly called Nagtahan Bridge (Sta. Mesa to Pandacan)
Philippine National Railways (Santa Mesa station to Pandacan station)
Padre Zamora Bridge formerly called Pandacan Bridge (Sta.Mesa to Pandacan)
Lambingan Bridge (Sta. Ana)
Makati-Mandaluyong Bridge
Rockwell Bridge
Guadalupe Bridge (Makati to Mandaluyong)
C-5 Bridge (Makati to Pasig)
Bambang Bridge (Pasig)
Napindan Bridge (Pasig)

Railways

Development of the mass transit system began with its inception in the 1970s under the Marcos administration, making it the first light rail transport in Southeast Asia. Recently, the system saw a massive multi-billion dollar expansion in correlation with the rising population of the metropolis; its purpose: to create an alternative form of transportation to solve the demand of an increasingly mobile workforce. The metropolis is served by the Manila Light Rail Transit System (LRT-1 and MRT-2), the Manila Metro Rail Transit System (MRT-3) and the Philippine National Railways (PNR).

The Manila Light Rail Transit System, popularly known as the LRT system, serves 605,000 passengers each day. Its 31 stations along over 31 kilometers (19 mi) of mostly elevated track form two lines. LRT Line 1, also called the Yellow Line, opened in 1984, travels a north–south route and the MRT Line 2, the Purple Line, was completed in 2004 and runs east–west.

The Manila Metro Rail Transit System is also one of the main railway networks of Metro Manila. The line covers most parts of Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA), one of Metro Manila's main thoroughfares. It has thirteen stations along its 16.95 km track which passes through the cities of Makati, Mandaluyong, Pasay and Quezon City. While originally intended to decongest EDSA, the MRT-3 has been only partially successful in decongesting EDSA, and congestion is further aggravated by the rising number of motor vehicles.^[2]

Apart from the LRT-1, MRT-2, and MRT-3, the Philippine National Railways (PNR) also serves the metropolis. PNR is a state-owned railway company of the Philippines, which operates a single line of track in Metro Manila and Luzon.

In addition, the city is the hub of a railway system on Luzon. The main terminal of the Philippine National Railways is in the Tondo district. Railways extend from this terminal north to San Fernando in Pampanga and south to Legazpi in Albay, though only the southern railway is currently in operation.

Air Transportation

Airports

Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) is the main international gateway to the Philippines. Located along the border between Pasay and Parañaque, about seven kilometers south of Manila city proper, and southwest of Makati, the airport serves the national capital region and nearby provinces. A second terminal, Terminal 2 (or the Centennial Terminal) opened in October 1999. The Philippines' official flag-carrier Philippine Airlines uses this terminal exclusively for both its domestic and international service, while all other international flights use the original NAIA terminal. A third terminal (NAIA-3) opened in August 2008. It currently houses the domestic flights of Air Philippines, All Nippon Airways and Cebu Pacific's international and domestic flights. The main carrier serving NAIA is Philippine Airlines. KLM is the only European airline to serve the airport.

Officially, NAIA is the only airport serving the Manila area. However, both NAIA and Clark International Airport, located in the Clark Freeport Zone in Angeles, Pampanga serve the Manila area, with CIA catering mostly to low-cost carriers that avail themselves of the lower landing fees than those charged at NAIA. In 2010, NAIA terminal carried 27.1 million passengers, making it to the top 50 of the world's busiest airports by passenger traffic. In 2011, all terminals at NAIA handled a record breaking annual passenger traffic of 29,552,264 making one of the busiest airports in Asia. It is also the busiest airport in the country. ^[3]

Water Transportation

Seaports and Piers

The Port of Manila, located in the vicinity of Manila Bay, is the chief seaport of the Philippines. It primarily serves the city's commercial needs. North Harbor and South Harbor experience busy periods during long holidays such as Holy Week, All Saints Day and the Christmas holidays.

Pasig River Ferry Service

The Pasig River Ferry Service operates 17 stations along the Pasig River from Plaza Mexico in Intramuros to Pasig. The ferry service is the only water-based transportation that cruised the Pasig River.

References

[1] ttp://ph.news.yahoo.com/new-up-monorail-coaches-arrive-063028708.html

[lto-2] NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLES REGISTERED: Comparative, JAN.- DEC. 2003, 2004, 2005, Land Transportation Office, January 23, 2006

[3] ttp://www.interaksyon.com/business/36428/naia-is-philippines-busiest-airport---nscb

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-The '''transportation system of [[Metro Manila]]''' is a cooperation of complex systems of infrastructure. The first automobile and [[tram]]s in the [[Philippines]] first run through the city. Throughout the metropolis, different means of transportation can be used such as buses, jeepneys, taxis, trains, tricycles, and even horse carriages ([[Kalesa]]), which are now only used in the major streets of [[Manila]]. Metro Manila is served by three types of main railway networks: the [[Manila Light Rail Transit System]] (LRT), the [[Manila Metro Rail Transit System]] (MRT) and the [[Philippine National Railways]] (PNR). Manila is also the headquarters of the main terminal of the [[Philippine National Railways]].
+The '''transportation system of [[Metro Manila]]''' is a cooperation of complex systems of infrastructure. The first automobile and [[tram]]s in the [[Philippines]] first  through the city. Throughout the metropolis, different means of transportation can be used such as buses, jeepneys, taxis, trains, tricycles, and even horse carriages ([[Kalesa]]), which are now only used in the major streets of [[Manila]]. Metro Manila is served by three types of main railway networks: the [[Manila Light Rail Transit System]] (LRT), the [[Manila Metro Rail Transit System]] (MRT) and the [[Philippine National Railways]] (PNR). Manila is also the headquarters of the main terminal of the Philippine National Railways.
 ==Public transport==
 {{Main|Public transport in Manila}}
-Manila, being a major city, affords various transportation options. Famous of all these forms of transportation is the public [[jeepney]], which has been in use since the years immediately after World War II. Buses, air-conditioned metered taxi and Tamaraw FX mini-vans are also popular forms of transportation. [[Auto rickshaw]]s (referred to as "tricycles" in the Philippines) and [[pedicabs]] are used for short distances. In some areas, especially in [[Divisoria]], two stroke motors are fitted in the pedicabs and are used for goods transport. Regardless of modernity, horse-drawn [[calesa]]s are still used in the streets of [[Binondo]] and [[Intramuros]]. Buses and taxis are also other important means of public transportation in the metropolis.
+Manila, being a major city,  various transportation options.  of these  is the public [[jeepney]], which has been in use since the years immediately after World War II. Buses, air-conditioned metered taxi and Tamaraw FX mini-vans are also popular forms of transportation. [[Auto rickshaw]]s (referred to as "tricycles" in the Philippines) and [[pedicabs]] are used for short distances. In some areas, especially in [[Divisoria]], two stroke motors are fitted in the pedicabs and are used for goods transport. Regardless of modernity, horse-drawn [[calesa]]s are still used in the streets of [[Binondo]] and [[Intramuros]]. Buses and taxis are also other important means of public transportation in the metropolis.
-Trains are now also being a popular means of public transportation in the [[Metro Manila]], the metropolis is served by the [[Manila Light Rail Transit System]] (LRT), the [[Manila Metro Rail Transit System]] (MRT) and the [[Philippine National Railways]] (PNR). The [[automated guideway transit]] system in [[UP Diliman]] will be the first of its kind in the [[Philippines]], it will be developed within the campus of the [[University of the Philippines Diliman]] in [[Quezon City]] and will serve as a test track for the first mass transit system to be built and developed in the country by local engineers.<ref>http://ph.news.yahoo.com/new-up-monorail-coaches-arrive-063028708.html</ref>
+Trains are now also being a popular means of public transportation in [[Metro Manila]]  metropolis is served by the [[Manila Light Rail Transit System]] (LRT), the [[Manila Metro Rail Transit System]] (MRT) and the [[Philippine National Railways]] (PNR). The [[automated guideway transit]] system in [[UP Diliman]] will be the first of its kind in the [[Philippines]]  will be developed within the campus of the [[University of the Philippines Diliman]] in [[Quezon City]] and will serve as a test track for the first mass transit system to be built and developed in the country by local engineers.<ref>http://ph.news.yahoo.com/new-up-monorail-coaches-arrive-063028708.html</ref>
 ==Land transportation==
@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 }}
 {{Main|Major roads in Metro Manila}}
-The main roads of Metro Manila are organized around a set of radial and circumferential roads that radiate and circle in and around Manila proper. Roxas Boulevard, easily the most well-known of Manila's streets, line the southern shores of Manila with Manila Bay. The boulevard is part of the ''Radial Road 1'' that leads south to the province of [[Cavite]]. The [[Epifanio de los Santos Avenue]] or EDSA serves as an important highway in the metropolis, it is also the main thoroughfare linking the different cities of the metropolis. Another well-known radial road is España Boulevard (part of ''Radial Road 7'') that starts in Quiapo and ends at the Welcome Rotonda along the border with Quezon City. Pres. Sergio Osmeña Sr. Highway, part of the [[South Luzon Expressway]] or ''Radial Road 3'' is the most important highway linking Manila with the provinces of southern Luzon. The [[Katipunan Avenue]], [[Quezon Avenue]], [[España Boulevard]], [[Ayala Avenue]] and the [[Circumferential Road 5|C-5 road]] are also other important roads in [Metro Manila].
+The main roads of Metro Manila are organized around a set of radial and circumferential roads that radiate and circle in and around Manila proper. Roxas Boulevard, easily the most well-known of Manila's streets, line the southern shores of Manila with Manila Bay. The boulevard is part of ''Radial Road 1'' that leads south to the province of [[Cavite]]. [[Epifanio de los Santos Avenue]] or EDSA serves as an important highway in the metropolis  is also the main thoroughfare linking the different cities of the metropolis. Another well-known radial road is España Boulevard (part of ''Radial Road 7'') that starts in Quiapo and ends at the Welcome Rotonda along the border with Quezon City. Pres. Sergio Osmeña Sr. Highway, part of the [[South Luzon Expressway]] or ''Radial Road 3'' is the most important highway linking Manila with the provinces of southern Luzon. [[Katipunan Avenue]], [[Quezon Avenue]], [[España Boulevard]], [[Ayala Avenue]] and the [[Circumferential Road 5|C-5 road]] are also other important roads in Metro Manila.
 ===Bridges===
-There are a total of sixteen bridge spans in Metro Manila that crosses the [[Pasig River]], including three rail bridges, the Light Rail Transit 1, Metro Rail Transit 3 and the Philippine National Railways track. The bridges listed below are in a west to east order, with the first bridge Del Pan, nearest to the mouth of the [[Pasig River]] into [[Manila Bay]].
+There are a total of sixteen bridge spans in Metro Manila that crosses the [[Pasig River]], including three rail bridges, the Light Rail Transit 1, Metro Rail Transit 3 and the Philippine National Railways track. The bridges listed below are in a west to east order, with the first bridge nearest to the mouth of the Pasig River into [[Manila Bay]].
 * Roxas Bridge - ''formerly called Del Pan Bridge'' ([[San Nicolas, Manila|San Nicolas]] to [[Port Area, Manila|Port Area]])
@@ Line 48: / Line 48: @@
 ===Railways===
 {{Main|Manila Light Rail Transit System|Manila Metro Rail Transit System|Philippine National Railways}}
-{{double image|right|Manila MRT2.jpg|180|Manila MRT3.jpg|180|<center>[[Manila Light Rail Transit System]] (LRT-1 and MRT-2)|<center>[[Manila Metro Rail Transit System]] (MRT-3)</center>}}
+{{double image|right|Manila MRT2.jpg|180|Manila MRT3.jpg|180|<center>[[Manila Light Rail Transit System]] ( and [[Manila Metro Rail Transit System]] (MRT-3)</center>}}
 Development of the mass transit system began with its inception in the 1970s under the [[Ferdinand Marcos|Marcos]] administration, making it the first light rail transport in [[Southeast Asia]]. Recently, the system saw a massive multi-billion dollar expansion in correlation with the rising population of the metropolis; its purpose: to create an alternative form of transportation to solve the demand of an increasingly mobile workforce. The metropolis is served by the [[Manila Light Rail Transit System]] (LRT-1 and MRT-2), the [[Manila Metro Rail Transit System]] (MRT-3) and the [[Philippine National Railways]] (PNR).
-The [[Manila Light Rail Transit System]], popularly known as the LRT system, serves 605,000 passengers each day. Its 31 stations along over 31 kilometers (19&nbsp;mi) of mostly elevated track form two lines. LRT Line 1, also called the Yellow Line, opened in 1984, travels a north–south route and the MRT Line 2, the Purple Line, was completed in 2004 and runs east–west.
+The Manila Light Rail Transit System, popularly known as the LRT system, serves 605,000 passengers each day. Its 31 stations along over 31 kilometers (19&nbsp;mi) of mostly elevated track form two lines. LRT Line 1, also called the Yellow Line, opened in 1984, travels a north–south route and the MRT Line 2, the Purple Line, was completed in 2004 and runs east–west.
-The [[Manila Metro Rail Transit System]] is also one of the main railway networks of [[Metro Manila]]. The line is located along the [[Epifanio de los Santos Avenue]] (EDSA), one of Metro Manila's main thoroughfares. It has thirteen stations along its 16.95&nbsp;km track which passes through the cities of Makati, Mandaluyong, Pasay and Quezon City. While originally intended to decongest EDSA, the MRT-3 has been only partially successful in decongesting EDSA, and congestion is further aggravated by the rising number of motor vehicles.<ref name="lto">[http://www.lto.gov.ph/stats2005annual/MVRegisteredCY200320042005.htm NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLES REGISTERED: Comparative, JAN.- DEC. 2003, 2004, 2005], [[Land Transportation Office (Philippines)|Land Transportation Office]], January 23, 2006</ref>
+The Manila Metro Rail Transit System is also one of the main railway networks of [[Metro Manila]]. The line     [[Epifanio de los Santos Avenue]] (EDSA), one of Metro Manila's main thoroughfares. It has thirteen stations along its 16.95&nbsp;km track which passes through the cities of Makati, Mandaluyong, Pasay and Quezon City. While originally intended to decongest EDSA, the MRT-3 has been only partially successful in decongesting EDSA, and congestion is further aggravated by the rising number of motor vehicles.<ref name="lto">[http://www.lto.gov.ph/stats2005annual/MVRegisteredCY200320042005.htm NUMBER OF MOTOR VEHICLES REGISTERED: Comparative, JAN.- DEC. 2003, 2004, 2005], [[Land Transportation Office (Philippines)|Land Transportation Office]], January 23, 2006</ref>
-Apart from the LRT-1, MRT-2, and MRT-3, the [[Philippine National Railways]] (PNR) also serves the metropolis. PNR is a state-owned railway company of the Philippines it is operating a single line of track on Metro Manila and in Luzon.
+Apart from the LRT-1, MRT-2, and MRT-3, the [[Philippine National Railways]] (PNR) also serves the metropolis. PNR is a state-owned railway company of the Philippines   a single line of track  Metro Manila and Luzon.
 In addition, the city is the hub of a railway system on Luzon. The main terminal of the [[Philippine National Railways]] is in the [[Tondo, Manila|Tondo]] district. Railways extend from this terminal north to [[San Fernando City, Pampanga|San Fernando]] in [[Pampanga]] and south to [[Legazpi, Albay|Legazpi]] in [[Albay]], though only the southern railway is currently in operation.
@@ Line 62: / Line 62: @@
 ===Airports===
-{{double image|right|Centennialphoto.jpg|190|NAIA Terminal 3 2009 MC.jpg|190|<center>Ninoy Aquino International Airport Terminal 2|<center>Ninoy Aquino International Airport Terminal 3</center>}}
+{{double image|right|Centennialphoto.jpg|190|NAIA Terminal 3 2009 MC.jpg|190|<center>Ninoy Aquino International Airport Terminal 2    </center>}}
 {{Main|Airports in the Greater Manila Area}}
-[[Ninoy Aquino International Airport]] (NAIA), is the main international gateway to the [[Philippines]], located along the border between [[Pasay]] and [[Parañaque]], about seven kilometers south of [[Manila]] city proper, and southwest of [[Makati]], the airport serves the national capital region and nearby provinces.  A second terminal, Terminal 2 (or the Centennial Terminal) opened in October 1999.  The Philippines' official flag-carrier [[Philippine Airlines]] uses this terminal exclusively for both its domestic and international service, while all other international flights use the original NAIA terminal. A third terminal [[Ninoy Aquino International Airport#Terminal 3|(NAIA-3)]] opened in August 2008.  It currently houses the domestic flights of [[Air Philippines]], [[All Nippon Airways]] and [[Cebu Pacific]]'s international and domestic flights. The main carrier serving NAIA is [[Philippine Airlines]].  [[KLM]] is the only European airline to serve the airport.
+[[Ninoy Aquino International Airport]] (NAIA) is the main international gateway to the [[Philippines]]  along the border between [[Pasay]] and [[Parañaque]], about seven kilometers south of [[Manila]] city proper, and southwest of [[Makati]], the airport serves the national capital region and nearby provinces.  A second terminal, Terminal 2 (or the Centennial Terminal) opened in October 1999.  The Philippines' official flag-carrier [[Philippine Airlines]] uses this terminal exclusively for both its domestic and international service, while all other international flights use the original NAIA terminal. A third terminal [[Ninoy Aquino International Airport#Terminal 3|(NAIA-3)]] opened in August 2008.  It currently houses the domestic flights of [[Air Philippines]], [[All Nippon Airways]] and [[Cebu Pacific]]'s international and domestic flights. The main carrier serving NAIA is [[Philippine Airlines]].  [[KLM]] is the only European airline to serve the airport.
-Officially, NAIA is the only airport serving the [[Manila]] area. However, both NAIA and [[Clark International Airport]], located in the [[Clark Freeport Zone]] in [[Angeles, Pampanga|Angeles]], [[Pampanga]] serve the Manila area, with CIA catering mostly to low-cost carriers that avail themselves of the lower landing fees than those charged at NAIA. In 2010, NAIA terminal carried 27.1 million passengers, making it to the top 50 of the world's busiest airports by passenger traffic. In 2011, all terminals at NAIA handled a record breaking annual passenger traffic of 29,552,264 making one of the busiest airports in [[Asia]], it is also the busiest airport in the country.
+Officially, NAIA is the only airport serving the [[Manila]] area. However, both NAIA and [[Clark International Airport]], located in the [[Clark Freeport Zone]] in [[Angeles, Pampanga|Angeles]], [[Pampanga]] serve the Manila area, with CIA catering mostly to low-cost carriers that avail themselves of the lower landing fees than those charged at NAIA. In 2010, NAIA terminal carried 27.1 million passengers, making it to the top 50 of the world's busiest airports by passenger traffic. In 2011, all terminals at NAIA handled a record breaking annual passenger traffic of 29,552,264 making one of the busiest airports in [[Asia]]  is also the busiest airport in the country.
 <ref>http://www.interaksyon.com/business/36428/naia-is-philippines-busiest-airport---nscb</ref>

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