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==Structure, themes, and musical style==
==Structure, themes, and musical style==
''21st Century Breakdown'' continues the [[rock opera]] style of its predecessor ''[[American Idiot]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://popwatch.ew.com/popwatch/2009/02/green-day-previ.html |title=Green Day's '21st Century Breakdown': We heard (some of) it! &#124; PopWatch Blog &#124; EW.com |publisher=Popwatch.ew.com |date=2009-02-11 |accessdate=2009-05-07}}</ref> The album is divided into three acts: "Heroes and Cons", "Charlatans and Saints", and "Horseshoes and Handgrenades". Its loose narrative follows a young couple named Christian and Gloria through life in the [[United States]] following the presidency of [[George W. Bush]], as they "deal with the mess our 43rd president left behind"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ultimate-guitar.com/news/upcoming_releases/green_day_talk_about_new_album.html |title=Green Day Talk About New Album &#124; News @ |publisher=Ultimate-guitar.com |date= |accessdate=2009-05-07}}</ref> and "spin their wheels and fight their way through a new century already going terribly wrong."<ref name="Fricke, 50"/> [[Bassist]] [[Mike Dirnt]] told ''[[Alternative Press]]'' that the songs "speak to each other the way the songs on ''[[Born to Run]]'' speak to each other. I don't know if you'd call it a '[[concept album]],' but there's a thread that connects everything."<ref name="rollingstone1">{{cite web|author=Rolling Stone |url=http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2009/02/11/first-listen-green-day-revive-dramatic-political-punk-on-21st-century-breakdown/ |title=First Listen: Green Day Revive Dramatic Political Punk on "21st Century Breakdown" : Rolling Stone : Rock and Roll Daily |publisher=Rolling Stone |date= |accessdate=2009-05-07}}</ref>
''21st Century Breakdown'' continues the [[rock opera]] style of its predecessor ''[[American Idiot]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://popwatch.ew.com/popwatch/2009/02/green-day-previ.html |title=Green Day's '21st Century Breakdown': We heard (some of) it! &#124; PopWatch Blog &#124; EW.com |publisher=Popwatch.ew.com |date=2009-02-11 |accessdate=2009-05-07}}</ref> The album is divided into three acts: "Heroes and Cons", "Charlatans and Saints", and "Horseshoes and Handgrenades". Its loose narrative follows a young couple named Christian and Gloria life in the [[United States]] following the presidency of [[George W. Bush]], as they "deal with the mess our 43rd president left behind"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ultimate-guitar.com/news/upcoming_releases/green_day_talk_about_new_album.html |title=Green Day Talk About New Album &#124; News @ |publisher=Ultimate-guitar.com |date= |accessdate=2009-05-07}}</ref> and "spin their wheels and fight their way through a new century already going terribly wrong."<ref name="Fricke, 50"/> [[Bassist]] [[Mike Dirnt]] told ''[[Alternative Press]]'' that the songs "speak to each other the way the songs on ''[[Born to Run]]'' speak to each other. I don't know if you'd call it a '[[concept album]],' but there's a thread that connects everything."<ref name="rollingstone1">{{cite web|author=Rolling Stone |url=http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2009/02/11/first-listen-green-day-revive-dramatic-political-punk-on-21st-century-breakdown/ |title=First Listen: Green Day Revive Dramatic Political Punk on "21st Century Breakdown" : Rolling Stone : Rock and Roll Daily |publisher=Rolling Stone |date= |accessdate=2009-05-07}}</ref>


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Revision as of 05:05, 21 June 2009

Untitled

21st Century Breakdown is the eighth studio album by American punk rock band Green Day, released through Reprise Records on May 15, 2009. It is the band's second rock opera, following American Idiot, and its first album to be produced by Butch Vig. Vocalist and guitarist Billie Joe Armstrong described 21st Century Breakdown as a "snapshot of the era in which we live as we question and try to make sense of the selfish manipulation going on around us, whether it be the government, religion, media or frankly any form of authority."[11][12]

The span of nearly five years between American Idiot and 21st Century Breakdown was the longest gap between studio albums in Green Day's career. The band had been working on new material since January 2006. By October 2007, Armstrong had 45 songs written, but the band showed no further signs of progress until October 2008, when a video of the group recording with producer Butch Vig in the studio was posted on YouTube. The writing and recording process, spanning three years and four recording studios, was finally finished in April 2009.

The album received generally positive reception. 21st Century Breakdown achieved Green Day's best chart performance to date. Upon its release, 21st Century Breakdown reached number one on the album charts of 24 countries.[13] The album subsequently achieved number one on the Billboard 200, European Top 100 Albums and UK Albums Charts.

Writing and recording

Green Day's seventh album, American Idiot, was released in 2004 and immediately garnered the band much success. It debuted at number one on the Billboard 200,[14] selling five million copies in the US,[15] and was nominated for several awards, winning the Grammy Award for Best Rock Album.[14] The thirteen-month-long tour for American Idiot ended in October 2005.[16] In January 2006, the band began to write new songs for what would become their eighth album and the followup to American Idiot.[17] Frontman Billie Joe Armstrong said in a January 2006 interview with Billboard, "We'll start with silence, and that's how we'll be able to find the inspiration to find another record."[18]

The band did not release any details of the writing and recording process until October 2007, when Armstrong said in an interview with Rolling Stone that the band had written "something like 45 songs" since January 2006.[19] The band had been working on the beginning stages of the album at their rehearsal studio in Oakland, California. Little was revealed on the themes or musical style of the album. Armstrong said about possible themes: "I want to dig into who I am and what I'm feeling at this moment – which is middle-aged." He said many of the 45 songs the band had composed were written on piano, rather than guitar.[19] Ultimately, Armstrong wrote "virtually every note and word" of 21st Century Breakdown himself.[20]

In December, Soul Shine Magazine reported that Green Day would begin the recording process for the 45 written songs in January 2008.[21] Later, in October 2008, a video was posted on YouTube of the band recording the album.[22] Rolling Stone then confirmed that Green Day was working with producer Butch Vig on the upcoming album.[23] The album was being recorded with Vig throughout 2008 and into early 2009, at four different locations: Ocean Way Recording in Hollywood, California, Studio 880 in Oakland, California, Jel Studios in Newport Beach, California, and Costa Mesa Studios in Costa Mesa, California.[24] While recording in Hollywood, the band members bought cheap turntables from Amoeba Music and listened to many vinyl records for inspiration, including albums by The Beat and The Plimsouls.[25] Armstrong has cited as inspiration The Pretty Things' S.F. Sorrow, The Doors' The Doors and Strange Days, Meat Loaf's Bat out of Hell, and the music of The Kinks' Ray Davies.[25] Drummer Tré Cool has also noted the influence of Eddie Cochran and The Creation on Armstrong's writing.[25] While working on material for 21st Century Breakdown at his home studio, Armstrong recorded a cover of The Who's 1966 mini-opera "A Quick One While He's Away". Green Day recorded a full-band version of the song during the album sessions, releasing it through iTunes as a bonus track.[26]

Vig noted that frustrations would sometimes cause delays in the recording process: "They'd be working on a song, it wasn't coming together, and Billie would get frustrated. He'd put his guitar down and say, 'I'm going home.'"[20] Armstrong also kept his lyrics closely guarded, intentionally mixing his demos so that the vocals were low and behind the guitars and thus unintelligible to the other band members.[25] It was not until late in 2008 that he chose to share his words with Cool, Vig, and bassist Mike Dirnt, sitting down with them and reading the entire album's lyrics aloud in order.[25] The band finally made the finishing touches on the album in early April 2009, claiming it was hard to release the album and that it was "kind of like having post-partum depression".[27]

Promotion and release

On February 9, 2009, Green Day announced that the upcoming album would be titled 21st Century Breakdown and that it would be split into three acts; "Heroes and Cons", "Charlatans and Saints", and "Horseshoes and Handgrenades".[28] On March 17 a teaser trailer for 21st Century Breakdown was posted to the band's website.[29] A week later, it was announced that 21st Century Breakdown would have an international release date of May 15.[30] In early April, Green Day premiered "Know Your Enemy" on television. A portion of the song was used as introductory music to the 2009 NCAA Men's Basketball Tournament Championship game.[31]

21st Century Breakdown was released internationally on May 15, 2009 through Reprise Records.[32] A vinyl version was released, limited to 3,000 copies and consisting of three ten-inch records (one for each of the album's "acts"), a CD copy of the album, a sixty-page art booklet, and a digital download of the full album at midnight on the day of release.[33][34] 21st Century Breakdown was only released in a Parental Advisory version containing explicit lyrics and content. Wal-Mart refuses to sell albums with a Parental Advisory sticker, and it requested that Green Day release a censored edition. Green Day chose not to release a censored edition and responded to Wal-Mart's request by stating, "There's nothing dirty about our record... They want artists to censor their records in order to be carried in there. We just said no. We've never done it before. You feel like you're in 1953 or something."[35]

Green Day performing during a secret show at Webster Hall on May 18, 2009

The first single, "Know Your Enemy", was released on April 16,[36] and the world premier of the song's music video occurred on April 24 on the MTV UK website.[37] It was subsequently posted to the band's MySpace profile.[38] The second single, "21 Guns", was released to radio stations on May 25.[39] It will also feature in the soundtrack of the upcoming film Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen.[40]

Green Day first performed 21st Century Breakdown in full during a string of California club shows in April 2009.[41][42] At each show, concertgoers were given programs containing all of the album's lyrics.[42] During May, Green Day completed a 10-date arena tour of the UK in support of their new album.[43] The band will embark on a world tour beginning in July and starting with a North American leg, which encompasses the months of July and August. They will be supported by Franz Ferdinand, The Bravery, and Kaiser Chiefs during the North American tour.[41] After the North American session, the band plans to do a European leg that will last into November.[41]

Artwork

Speaking on his personal blog, artist Sixten spoke about his design for 21st Century Breakdown's artwork. "I actually don't know who they are... they [the couple] were just friends of a friend at a party in Eskilstuna, Sweden. Something like that. I wasn't even there." The artist explained that a mutual friend snapped a picture of the pair kissing, which then inspired Sixten. "I love their passion, and just had to make a stencil out of it to spread the love," he explained with images of the original picture and his stencil. "I've painted it a bit here and there on my travels over the years...I have so many memories connected to this image and it really means a lot to me. Glad it inspired someone."[44]

The cover has been noted for a "marked similarity" with that of Blur's 2003 album Think Tank, itself a stencil by Banksy.[45][46][47]

Structure, themes, and musical style

21st Century Breakdown continues the rock opera style of its predecessor American Idiot.[48] The album is divided into three acts: "Heroes and Cons", "Charlatans and Saints", and "Horseshoes and Handgrenades". Its loose narrative follows a young couple from Detroitnamed Christian and Gloria as they experience life in the United States following the presidency of George W. Bush, as they "deal with the mess our 43rd president left behind"[49] and "spin their wheels and fight their way through a new century already going terribly wrong."[25] Bassist Mike Dirnt told Alternative Press that the songs "speak to each other the way the songs on Born to Run speak to each other. I don't know if you'd call it a 'concept album,' but there's a thread that connects everything."[50]

I look at Christian and Gloria, and it's me. Gloria is one side: this person trying to hold on to this sense of belief, still trying to do good. Whereas Christian is deep into his own demons and victimizing himself over that.
— Billie Joe Armstrong[25]

David Fricke of Rolling Stone called the album "the most personal, emotionally convulsive record Armstrong has ever written", noting that many of its themes and lyrics are drawn from Armstrong's personal life: "When he sings about abandonment and vengeance in songs like 'Before the Lobotomy', 'Christian's Inferno', and 'Peacemaker', he does it in the first person." The title track's opening lyric "Born into Nixon, I was raised in hell" references Armstrong's own birthday in 1972, while "We are the class of '13" references the fact that his eldest son, Joseph, will graduate from high school in 2013.[25] Dirnt has expressed his belief that "Last of the American Girls" was written about Armstrong's wife Adrienne, who "has very strong beliefs and stands up for the things she believes in."[25] Armstrong has cited his "disconnected" childhood—he was raised by his two older brothers and three older sisters after their father's death, while their mother worked graveyard shifts as a waitress—as the roots of the discontent expressed on 21st Century Breakdown.[25] "East Jesus Nowhere" rebukes fundamentalist religion and was written after Armstrong attended a church service where a friend's baby was baptized.[25]

Green Day performing at the 21st Century Breakdown release party, in May 2009.

Musically, 21st Century Breakdown is similar to the punk rock style of American Idiot,[8][51] but many critics have claimed that Green Day's traditional punk rock sound has evolved in the five years since their last release to incorporate new influences such as "well-built, muscular pop rock"[1] and "king-sized stadium rock".[3] Chris Fallon of AbsolutePunk.net said that 21st Century Breakdown, "weaving a yarn that while still punk rock in all its context, allowed the band to develop a gratuitous sense of self while expanding their trademarked brand of punk rock."[1] Rob Sheffield of Rolling Stone said the album sports the "sharpest, toughest tunes" and ballads that are "their glossiest ever". He claims Green Day "combine punk thrash with their newfound love of classic-rock grandiosity".[8] MTV compared the material to classic rockers like The Who,[52] while Spin called the title track "Green Day's most epic song yet."[53] Rolling Stone called the album "even more ambitious than American Idiot" and "a record of die-hard punk ideals...tightly scripted, continually ascending classic-rock excitement." Green Day drummer Tré Cool remarked that "It's important to us that we're still looked at as a punk band. It was our religion, our higher education", but noted that Armstrong had "gone archival" in writing 21st Century Breakdown, gleaning inspiration from "the architects of rock & roll".[25] Armstrong himself stated that "Ground zero for me is still punk rock. I like painting an ugly picture. I get something uplifting out of singing some of the most horrifying shit you can sing about. It's just my DNA."[25]

Reception and sales

Green Day's Billie Joe Armstrong performing at the 21st Century Breakdown release party, in May 2009.

Reception of the album was generally favorable. According to Metacritic, the album scored a 74 out of 100, indicating generally favorable reviews. [54] DailyMusicGuide called the album "enthused, fresh, punchy and melodic", claiming the band has "pulled Green Day up from being just a punk band to a true anthemic stadium band."[55] The Observer praised the album, awarding it four of five stars and likening it to both Bruce Springsteen's music and the avant-garde writing of Chuck Palahniuk, celebrating its "engrossing narrative."[6] Entertainment Weekly stated, "AMERICAN GENIUSES: Rockers Green Day give their breakdown of the new millennium."[56] The Tune gave the album an A grade, stating that "Green Day, in their ode to the Age of Technology - the Age of Disconnection - have created one of the best albums of the decade, one that reflects the culture and the times with occasional biting wit and frequent fist-pounding fury."[57] Rob Sheffield of Rolling Stone' gave the album 4½ stars out of 5, stating that, in comparison to the band's previous effort, "21st Century Breakdown is even better, so masterful and confident it makes Idiot seem like a warm-up."[8] Fellow Rolling Stone senior editor David Fricke called it "a compound bomb of classic-rock ecstasy, no-mercy punk assault and pop-song wiles; it's like The Clash's London Calling, The Who's Quadrophenia and Hüsker Dü's Zen Arcade all compressed into 18 songs."[20] The Times called the album a masterpiece "because it realizes its ambitions" and stated that it carries the spirit of The Who, David Bowie, Queen, the Ramones, the Sex Pistols and The Clash. They conclude the article by saying that, "Lyrically, it may succeed in capturing the contradictions, vulnerabilities and longing for harmony that thrum through Armstrong, Dirnt and Cool, their country, and humanity as a whole. But its real triumph, in an age of trimming, of market testing, of self-censorship and lowest common denominators, is not simply to aim insanely high, but to make it to the summit."[58]

Criticism has tended to center on the concept of the album. The BBC, while not overly critical, criticized the concept and lyrics of the album, saying it is "griping vaguely against 'authority'" and that "too many buzz words obscure incisive meaning".[59] Spin Magazine's Steve Kandell wrote that the humor in American Idiot was "sorely missed" and the energy of the album seemed "directionless".[9] The Guardian's Alexis Petridis wrote that "the storyline becomes impossible to follow".[3] Sputnikmusic reviewer Adam Downer was the most critical professional reviewer of the album, questioning the clarity of the lyrics and calling it "more conceptually vague/ridiculous than American Idiot." He went on to say that the album "spirals out of control in its own heroic glory and never regains focus, thus ending with a product that Green Day couldn’t afford to produce: an average record... 21st Century Breakdown's general sound is rooted firmly in the 20th century (and features few to no breakdowns)."[10]

Upon its release, 21st Century Breakdown reached number one on the Billboard 200 in the United States, selling 215,000 copies, despite only being available for three days in a shorter than usual debut week.[60] The album also remained at number one on the Billboard Top Rock Albums chart for three weeks.[61] It debuted at the top of sales charts in at least thirteen other countries,[60] as well as peaking at number one on the European Top 100 Albums chart.[62] A position that was maintained for three consecutive weeks.[63]

Track listing

All lyrics are written by Billie Joe Armstrong; all music is composed by Green Day

No.TitleLength
1."Song of the Century"0:58
Act I: Heroes and Cons
No.TitleLength
2."21st Century Breakdown"5:09
3."Know Your Enemy"3:11
4."¡Viva la Gloria!"3:31
5."Before the Lobotomy"4:37
6."Christian's Inferno"3:07
7."Last Night on Earth"3:57
Act II: Charlatans and Saints
No.TitleLength
8."East Jesus Nowhere"4:35
9."Peacemaker"3:24
10."Last of the American Girls"3:51
11."Murder City"2:54
12."¿Viva la Gloria? (Little Girl)"3:48
13."Restless Heart Syndrome"4:20
Act III: Horseshoes and Handgrenades
No.TitleLength
14."Horseshoes and Handgrenades"3:14
15."The Static Age"4:17
16."21 Guns"5:21
17."American Eulogy" (A. "Mass Hysteria" / B. "Modern World")4:26
18."See the Light"4:36
Total length:69:16

Bonus tracks

All lyrics are written by Billie Joe Armstrong; all music is composed by Green Day, except where noted

Amazon.com MP3 version
No.TitleLength
19."Burnout" (live)2:21
iTunes deluxe edition
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
19."A Quick One, While He's Away" (originally performed by The Who)Pete Townshend7:59
20."Another State of Mind" (originally performed by Social Distortion)Mike Ness2:46
iTunes pre-order edition
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
21."That's All Right" (originally performed by Elvis Presley)Arthur Crudup2:01
22."Like a Rolling Stone" (originally performed by Bob Dylan)Bob Dylan6:10
Japanese edition
No.TitleLength
19."Lights Out"2:21
Rhapsody exclusive version
No.TitleLength
19."Know Your Enemy" (live)4:47
20."The Static Age" (live)4:30
Live in Japan (Target exclusive edition bonus CD)
No.TitleLength
1."American Idiot" (live)4:18
2."Jesus of Suburbia" (live)9:22
3."Holiday" (live)4:34
4."Are We the Waiting" (live)3:19
5."St. Jimmy" (live)2:58
6."Boulevard of Broken Dreams" (live)4:41

B-sides

Song Length Release(s)
"Lights Out" 2:16 B-side of "Know Your Enemy"
"Hearts Collide" 2:39

Personnel

Green Day

Additional musicians

Recording and production staff

  • Butch Vig – producer
  • Chris Lord-Alge – mixing engineer
  • Chris Dugan – engineer
    • Wesley Seidman, Keith Armstrong, and Nik Karpen – assistant engineers
    • Brad Kobylczak, Joe McGrath, Brad Townshend, and Andrew Schubert – additional engineering
  • Ted Jensen – mastering
  • Shari Sutcliffe – production coordinator
  • Bill Schneider – band coordinator, guitar technician
  • Micah Chong – guitar technician
  • Mike Fasano and Kenny Butler – drum technicians

Album artwork

  • Chris Bilheimer – design, photography, and stencils
  • Marina Chavez – back cover photo
  • David Cooper, Micah Chong, and Andrew Black – stencil crew

Chart performance

Preceded by UK Albums Chart number one album
May 17, 2009 - May 24, 2009 		Succeeded by
Preceded by New Zealand RIANZ Albums Chart number-one album
May 18, 2009 - May 25, 2009 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Billboard 200 number-one album
May 30, 2009 - June 6, 2009 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Japanese Oricon Albums Chart number one albums
May 25, 2009 – June 1, 2009 		Succeeded by
Preceded by FIMI artists chart number-one album
May 21, 2009 - May 27, 2009 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Swedish Sverigetopplistan number-one album
May 22, 2009 - May 29, 2009 		Succeeded by
Preceded by European Top 100 Albums artists chart number-one album
June 6, 2009 - June 27, 2009 		Succeeded by

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