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{{Short description|United States Navy heavy cruiser}}
{{other ships|USS Columbus}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=USS Columbus (CA-74) off the coast of Spain, 12 July 1948 (NH 98457).jpg
|Ship caption=USS ''Columbus'' on 12 July 1948
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=United States
|Ship flag={{USN flag|1975}}
|Ship name=''Columbus''
|Ship namesake=City of [[Columbus, Ohio]]
|Ship owner=
|Ship operator=
|Ship registry=
|Ship ordered=9 September 1940
|Ship awarded=
|Ship builder=
|Ship original cost=
|Ship yard number=
|Ship way number=
|Ship laid down=28 June 1943
|Ship launched=30 November 1944
|Ship sponsor=Mrs. E. G. Meyers
|Ship christened=
|Ship completed=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=8 June 1945
|Ship decommissioned=31 January 1975
|Ship reclassified=CG-12, 30 September 1959
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship renamed=
|Ship refit=
|Ship struck=9 August 1976
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship homeport=
|Ship identification=*[[Maritime call sign|Callsign]]: NBZW
*{{ICS|November}}{{ICS|Bravo}}{{ICS|Zulu}}{{ICS|Whiskey}}
*[[Hull number]]: CA-74
|Ship motto=''Ad Frontes Mundi''
|Ship nickname=''The Tall Lady''
|Ship honors=[[USS Columbus (CA-74)#Awards|See ''Awards'']]
|Ship captured=
|Ship fate=[[Ship breaking|Scrapped]], 3 October 1977
|Ship notes=
|Ship badge=[[File:USS Columbus (CG-12) insignia c1966.png|150px]]
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class={{sclass|Baltimore|cruiser}}
|Ship type=
|Ship displacement=13,600 tons
|Ship length={{convert|674|ft|11|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|70|ft|10|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship height=
|Ship draft={{convert|26|ft|5|in|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship depth=
|Ship hold depth=
|Ship decks=
|Ship deck clearance=
|Ship power=
|Ship propulsion=
|Ship speed= {{convert|32.6|kn|abbr=on}}
|Ship range=
|Ship endurance=
|Ship boats=
|Ship troops=
|Ship complement=1,906 officers and enlisted
|Ship crew=
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=*9 × [[8"/55 caliber gun|{{convert|8|in|mm|abbr=on}} guns]]
*12 × [[5"/38 caliber gun|{{convert|5|in|mm|abbr=on}}]] guns
|Ship armor=
|Ship aircraft=
|Ship aircraft facilities=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}
The third '''USS ''Columbus'' (CA-74/CG-12)''', a {{sclass|Baltimore|cruiser|0}} [[heavy cruiser]], was the first ship of the [[United States Navy]] named for [[Columbus, Ohio|Columbus]], [[Ohio]]. She was launched on 30 November 1944 by [[Bethlehem Steel|Bethlehem Steel Co.]], [[Quincy, Massachusetts]]; she was sponsored by Mrs. E. G. Meyers; and [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 8 June 1945.

==History==

===As CA-74===

Joining the [[United States Pacific Fleet|Pacific Fleet]], ''Columbus'' reached [[Qingdao|Tsingtao]], [[China]], on 13 January 1946 for [[Military occupation|occupation duty]]. On 1 April, she helped to sink 24 [[Imperial Japanese Navy|Japanese]] [[submarines]], prizes of war, and next day sailed for [[San Pedro, California]]. For the remainder of the year, she operated in [[West Coast of the United States|west coast]] waters, then made a second [[Far East]]ern cruise from 15 January to 12 June 1947.

After west coast operations and an overhaul at [[Puget Sound Naval Shipyard]], ''Columbus'' cleared [[Bremerton]] on 12 April 1948 to join the [[U.S. Atlantic Fleet|Atlantic Fleet]], arriving at Norfolk, Va., on 19 May. ''Columbus'' made two cruises as [[flagship]] of [[Commander-in-chief#United States|Commander-in-Chief]], Naval Forces Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean, from 13 September 1948 to 15 December 1949 and from 12 June 1950 to 5 October 1951, and one as flagship of [[Supreme Allied Commander]], Atlantic, during parts of [[NATO]] [[Operation Mainbrace]] from 25 August to 29 September 1952. She cruised in the [[Mediterranean]] from October 1952 through January 1953, serving part of that time as flagship of the [[United States Sixth Fleet|6th Fleet]]. Now flagship of Cruiser Division&nbsp;6, she returned to the Mediterranean from September 1954 to January 1955. Between deployments, ''Columbus'' received necessary overhauls and carried out training operations along the east coast and in the [[Caribbean]].

Reassigned to the Pacific Fleet, ''Columbus'' cleared [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], on 8 November 1955 for [[Long Beach, California]], where she arrived on 2 December. Just a month later, on 5&nbsp;January 1956, she sailed for [[United States Fleet Activities Yokosuka|Yokosuka]], [[Japan]], and operated with the [[7th Fleet]] until she returned to Long Beach on 8 July. ''Columbus'' made two more cruises to the Far East in 1957 and 1958. During the late summer of 1958, her presence was a reminder of American strength and interest as she patrolled the [[Taiwan Straits]] during the crisis brought on by the renewed shelling of the offshore islands by the [[Chinese communists]]. In late 1958 she was selected to be converted to carry guided missiles and on 8 May 1959, ''Columbus'' entered the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard to begin her conversion to an ''Albany''-class [[guided missile]] [[cruiser]].

===As CG-12===
[[File:USS Columbus (CG-12) underway off San Diego on 19 February 1965 (NH 82722-KN).jpg|thumb|USS ''Columbus'' in 1965.]]

On 30 September 1959, ''Columbus'' was retrofitted as an {{sclass|Albany|cruiser|0}} guided missile cruiser, joining {{USS|Albany|CG-10}} and {{USS|Chicago|CG-11}} as the only three ships of this line, and reclassified '''CG-12'''. USS ''Columbus'' (CG-12) was subsequently recommissioned on 1 December 1962 (following a much shorter conversion period than either ''Chicago'' or ''Albany''), though a year and half long work-up and testing of her new weapons system delayed her first deployment to the western [[Pacific]] until August 1964.

The 1959 ''Albany''-class refit of USS ''Columbus'' left CG-12 with the following armaments:
* [[RIM-8 Talos]] - 2 twin Talos SAM launch systems
: Fore: Systems 1 & 2, with one launcher; Aft: Systems 7 & 8, with one launcher
* [[RIM-24 Tartar]] - 2 twin Tartar SAM launch systems
: Starboard: Systems 3 & 5 with MK11 launcher; Port: Systems 4 & 6 with MK11 launcher
* Anti-submarine - 1 eight-tube [[ASROC]] system
* Torpedoes - 2 triple-tube [[Mark 32 Surface Vessel Torpedo Tubes|Mk-32]] torpedo systems
* two open mount [[5"/38 caliber gun|{{convert|5|in|mm|abbr=on}}]] naval guns port and starboard midships

====Flagship====
[[File:USS Columbus (CG-12) fires a RIM-24 Tartar missile, in 1965 (KN-11658).jpg|thumb|USS ''Columbus'' firing a Tartar missile while on deployment to Mediterranean]]

After visiting San Francisco, Puget Sound, and Hawaii as flagship of the 1965 Pacific Midshipman Training Squadron,<ref>Litrenta, P.L. ''SEABAT 65'' USS ''Columbus'' (CG-12)</ref>

Parts of the ships are on display in Columbus.<ref>{{Cite web|title=USS Columbus CA-74, CG-12, SSN762 1999 Reunion Photos|url=http://uss-columbus.com/USS_Columbus/columbus_ohio/columbus_ohio_photos.htm|access-date=2021-08-31|website=uss-columbus.com}}</ref>

==Awards==
''Columbus'' served as Flagship COMCRUDESFLOT throughout 1966, after assignment to the Atlantic Fleet at the start of that year. From 1966 until 1974, ''Columbus'' deployed to the Mediterranean seven times.
* September 1966 - March 1967
* January 1968 - July 1968
* December 1968 - May 1969
* 8 October 1969 - 18 March 1970
* 6 September 1970 - 1 March 1971
* 17 May 1972 - 18 October 1972
* 2 November 1973 - 31 May 1974

Unlike the ''Albany'' and ''Chicago'', both of which received further upgrades, ''Columbus'' did not receive the digital missile fire-control and radar modernizations in 1970 due to cutbacks in the defense budget. The ship did however, receive a 5-month overhaul of her machinery, and heavy maintenance to her electrical and hull structures to keep her operational for another five years. Upon return from her final Mediterranean deployment on 31 May 1974, she entered port and began preparations for deactivation and decommissioning. After serving for 29.5 years, ''Columbus'' was decommissioned on 31 January 1975, stricken from the [[Naval Vessel Register]] on 9 August 1976 and sold for scrapping on 3 October 1977, to Union Minerals & Alloys Corp., and scrapped in Port Newark, NJ.

==References==
{{Reflist}}
* {{DANFS|https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/c/columbus-iii.html}}
* {{NVR}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite journal|last1=Wright|first1=Christopher C.|year=1977|title=The Tall Ladies...Columbus, Albany & Chicago|journal=Warship International|volume=XIV|issue=2|pages=104–134|issn=0043-0374}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|USS Columbus (CA-74)}}
*[http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-c/ca74.htm US Navy Historical Center ''Columbus'' gallery]
*[http://www.navsource.org/archives/04/074/04074.htm navsource.org: USS ''Columbus'' (CA-74/CG-12)]

{{Baltimore class cruiser}}
{{Albany class cruiser}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Columbus}}
[[Category:Baltimore-class cruisers]]
[[Category:Albany-class cruisers]]
[[Category:Cold War cruisers of the United States]]
[[Category:Ships built in Quincy, Massachusetts]]
[[Category:1944 ships]]

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