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{{short description|Cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty}}
{{Redirect|Bourbons||Bourbon (disambiguation)}}
{{More citations needed|date=August 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Royal house
| surname = House of Bourbon
| estate = {{hlist|France|Navarre|Spain|Two Sicilies|Luxembourg|Parma}}
| coat of arms = File:Grand Royal Coat of Arms of France.svg
| coat_of_arms_caption = 
| image = 
| image_size = 150px
| image_caption = The Royal Flag of the [[Kingdom of France]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://reg.gg.ca/heraldry/pub-reg/project-pic.asp?lang=e&ProjectID=1214&ProjectElementID=3952|title=Royal Banner of France – Heritage Emblem|publisher=The Office of the Secretary to the Governor General |author =The Governor General of Canada|work=Confirmation of the blazon of a Flag. February 15, 2008 Vol. V, p. 202|date=12 November 2020}}</ref>
| country = {{hlist|[[Kingdom of France|France]]|[[Spain]]|[[Luxembourg]]|[[Kingdom of the Two Sicilies|Two Sicilies]]|[[Duchy of Parma|Parma]]|}}
| parent house = [[Capetian dynasty]]
| website = https://www.casareal.es
| titles = {{Collapsible list
| '''[[King of France]] and [[List of Navarrese monarchs|Navarre]]'''
| [[King of Spain]]
* [[List of Aragonese monarchs#House of Bourbon, 1700–1705|King of Aragon]] [[List of Castilian monarchs|and Castile]]
| [[King of the Two Sicilies]]
| [[King of Poland]]<ref group="note" name="titular">''titular''</ref>
| [[Grand Duke of Lithuania]]<ref group="note" name="titular"/>
| [[Grand Duke of Luxembourg]]
| [[Dauphin of France]]
| [[Duke of Bourbon]]
| [[Duke of Calabria]]
| [[Duke of Vendôme]]
| [[Duke of Orléans]]
| [[Duke of Anjou]]
| [[Duke of Berry]]
| [[Duke of Alençon]]
| [[Duke of Angoulême]]
| [[Duke of Parma]]
| [[Duke of Lucca]]
| [[Prince of Condé]]
| [[Prince of Conti]]
| [[Count of La Marche]]
| [[Count of Soissons]]
| [[Count of Provence]]
| [[Count of Artois]]
| [[Count of Barcelona]]
}}
| etymology = [[Bourbon-l'Archambault|Bourbon]]
| founder = [[Robert, Count of Clermont]], the sixth son of King [[Louis IX of France]], married [[Beatrice of Burgundy, Lady of Bourbon|Beatrice of Bourbon]]
| final ruler = {{ubl|France and Navarre: [[Charles X of France|Charles X]] (1824–1830)|Of the French: [[Louis Philippe I]] (1830–1848)|Parma: [[Robert I, Duke of Parma|Roberto I]] (1854–1859)|Two Sicilies: [[Francis II of the Two Sicilies|Francis II]] (1859–1861)}}
| current head = [[Louis Alphonse de Bourbon|Prince Louis, Duke of Anjou]]
| founding year = 1272
| founded = {{Start date and age|1272}}
| deposition = {{ubl|France (and Navarre until 1830):{{ubl|1830: [[July Revolution]]|1848: [[French Revolution of 1848|February Revolution]]}}|Parma, 1859: [[Duchy of Parma#Post-Napoleonic era|Annexation]] by [[Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)|Kingdom of Sardinia]]|Two Sicilies, 1861: [[Italian unification]]}}
| branches = '''[[House of Bourbon-Anjou]]'''
* [[House of Bourbon-Braganza]] (extinct)
* [[House of Bourbon-Parma]]
* [[House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies]]
'''[[House of Orléans]]'''
* [[House of Orléans-Braganza]]
* [[House of Orléans-Galliera]]
* [[House of Bourbon-Montpensier]]
'''[[House of Condé]]''' (extinct)
* [[House of Conti]]
* [[House of Soissons]]
'''[[Bourbons of India|House of Bourbon-Bhopal]]''' (disputed)

'''Illegitimate branches'''
* [[House of Bourbon-Busset]]
* [[House of Bourbon-Maine]]
* [[Bourbon-Penthièvre|House of Bourbon-Penthièvre]]
* [[Bourbon-Vendôme|House of Bourbon-Vendôme]]
}}
{{History of France}}
The '''House of Bourbon''' ({{IPAc-en|lang|ˈ|b|ʊər|b|ən}}, <small>also</small> {{IPAc-en|UK|ˈ|b|ɔr|b|ɒ|n}}; {{IPA|fr|buʁbɔ̃|lang}}) is a [[dynasty]] that originated in the [[Kingdom of France]] as a branch of the [[Capetian dynasty]], the royal House of France. Bourbon kings first ruled France and [[Kingdom of Navarre|Navarre]] in the 16th century. A branch descended from the French Bourbons came to rule [[Spain]] in the 18th century and is the current [[Spanish royal family]]. Further branches, descended from the Spanish Bourbons, held thrones in [[Kingdom of Naples|Naples]], [[Kingdom of Sicily|Sicily]], and [[Duchy of Parma and Piacenza|Parma]]. Today, Spain and [[Luxembourg]] have monarchs of the House of Bourbon.
The royal Bourbons originated in 1272, when [[Robert, Count of Clermont|Robert]], the youngest son of King [[Louis IX of France]], married the heiress of the [[Sire de Bourbon|lordship of Bourbon]].<ref name="anselme">[[Anselm de Guibours|Anselme, Père]]. ‘'Histoire de la Maison Royale de France'’, tome 4. Editions du Palais-Royal, 1967, Paris. pp. 144–146, 151–153, 175, 178, 180, 185, 187–189, 191, 295–298, 318–319, 322–329. (French).</ref> The house continued for three centuries as a [[cadet branch]], serving as nobles under the direct Capetian and [[House of Valois|Valois]] kings.

The senior line of the House of Bourbon became extinct in the male line in 1527 with the death of Duke [[Charles III of Bourbon]]. This made the junior [[Bourbon-Vendôme]] branch the genealogically senior branch of the House of Bourbon. In 1589, at the death of [[Henry III of France]], the House of Valois became extinct in the male line. Under the [[Salic law]], the head of the House of Bourbon, as the senior representative of the senior-surviving branch of the Capetian dynasty ([[Prince du sang#Monsieur le Prince|first prince of the blood]]), became King of France as [[Henry IV of France|Henry IV]].<ref name="anselme"/> Bourbon monarchs then united to France the part of the [[Kingdom of Navarre]] north of the [[Pyrenees]], which Henry's father had acquired by marriage in 1555, ruling both until the 1792 overthrow of the monarchy during the [[French Revolution]]. Restored briefly in 1814, and definitively in 1815 after the fall of the [[First French Empire]], the senior line of the Bourbons was finally overthrown in the [[July Revolution]] of 1830. A cadet Bourbon branch, the [[House of Orléans]], then ruled for 18 years (1830–1848), until it too was overthrown during the [[French Revolution of 1848]].

The [[princes of Condé]] was a cadet branch of the Bourbons descended from an uncle of [[Henry IV of France|Henry IV]], and the [[princes of Conti]] was a cadet line of the Condé branch. Both houses, recognized as [[princes of the blood]], were prominent French noble families, well known for their participation in French affairs, even during exile in the [[French Revolution]], until their respective extinctions in 1830 and 1814. Consequently, since the extinction of the [[Capetian House of Courtenay]] in 1733, the Bourbons are the only extant legitimate branch of the House of Capet. Although illegitimate, the [[House of Braganza]] traces its line to the House of Capet via their descent from [[Robert II of France]] through the [[House of Burgundy|First House of Burgundy]], then through the [[Portuguese House of Burgundy]]. [[Peter I of Portugal]] fathered an illegitimate son [[John I of Portugal]], founder of the [[House of Aviz]] who in turn fathered an illegitimate son named [[Afonso I, Duke of Braganza|Afonso]], who in turn founded the extant [[House of Braganza]].

In 1700, at the death of King [[Charles II of Spain]], the Spanish [[House of Habsburg|Habsburgs]] became extinct in the male line. Under the will of the childless Charles II, the second grandson of King [[Louis XIV]] of France was named as his successor, to [[wiktionary:preclude|preclude]] the union of the thrones of France and Spain. The prince, then Duke of Anjou, became [[Philip V of Spain]].<ref name="anselme"/> Permanent separation of the French and Spanish thrones was secured when France and Spain [[ratification|ratified]] Philip's [[renunciation]], for himself and his descendants, of the French throne in the [[Treaty of Utrecht]] in 1713, and similar arrangements later kept the Spanish throne separate from those of [[Kingdom of Naples|Naples]], [[Kingdom of Sicily|Sicily]] and [[Duchy of Parma and Piacenza|Parma]]. The Spanish House of Bourbon (rendered in Spanish as ''Borbón'' {{IPA|es|boɾˈβon|}}) has been overthrown and restored several times, reigning 1700–1808, 1813–1868, 1875–1931, and since 1975. Bourbons ruled in [[List of monarchs of Naples|Naples]] from 1734 to 1806 and in [[List of monarchs of Sicily|Sicily]] from 1735 to 1816, and in a unified [[Kingdom of the Two Sicilies]] from 1816 to 1861. They also ruled in [[Duke of Parma|Parma]] from 1731 to 1735, 1748–1802 and 1847–1859, the [[Kingdom of Etruria]] 1802–1807 and [[Duchy of Lucca]] 1814–1847.

Grand Duchess [[Charlotte of Luxembourg]] married [[Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma]], and thus her successors, who have reigned in Luxembourg since her abdication in 1964, have also been members of the House of Bourbon. [[Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil]], regent for her father, Emperor [[Pedro II of Brazil]], married a cadet of the Orléans line and thus their descendants, known as the [[Brazilian imperial family|Orléans-Braganza]], were in the line of succession to the Brazilian throne and expected to ascend its throne had the monarchy not been abolished by a [[Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)|coup in 1889]].

All legitimate, living members of the House of Bourbon, including its cadet branches, are direct [[agnatic]] descendants of Henry IV through his son [[Louis XIII]] of France.

==Origins==
{{Capetian Cadets}}
[[File:Chateau de Bourbon l'Archambault 01.jpg|thumb|The castle of [[Bourbon-l'Archambault]]]]
The pre-Capetian House of [[Bourbonnais|Bourbon]] was a [[nobility|noble]] family, dating at least from the beginning of the 13th century, when the [[family seat|estate]] of Bourbon was ruled by the [[Sire de Bourbon]] who was a vassal of the [[King of France]]. The term House of Bourbon ("Maison de Bourbon") is sometimes used to refer to this [[:fr:Première maison de Bourbon|first house]] and the [[House of Bourbon-Dampierre]], the second family to rule the [[Manorialism|seigneury]].

In 1272, [[Robert, Count of Clermont]], sixth and youngest son of King [[Louis IX of France]], married [[Beatrix of Burgundy, Dame de Bourbon|Beatrix of Bourbon]], heiress to the [[Sire de Bourbon|lordship of Bourbon]] and member of the House of Bourbon-Dampierre.<ref name="anselme"/> Their son [[Louis I, Duke of Bourbon|Louis]] was made [[Duke of Bourbon]] in 1327. His descendant, the [[Constable of France]] [[Charles III, Duke of Bourbon|Charles de Bourbon]], was the last of the senior Bourbon line when he died in 1527. Because he chose to fight under the banner of [[Holy Roman Emperor]] [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]] and lived in exile from France, his title was discontinued after his death.

The remaining line of Bourbons henceforth descended from [[James I, Count of La Marche]], the younger son of [[Louis I, Duke of Bourbon]].<ref name="anselme"/> With the death of his grandson [[James II, Count of La Marche]] in 1438, the senior line of the Count of La Marche became extinct. All future Bourbons would descend from James II's younger brother, [[Louis, Count of Vendôme|Louis]], who became the [[Count of Vendôme]] through his mother's inheritance.<ref name="anselme"/> In 1525, at the death of [[Charles IV, Duke of Alençon]], all of the [[prince du sang|princes of the blood royal]] were Bourbons; all remaining members of the House of Valois were members of the king's immediate family.

In 1514, [[Charles, Duke of Vendôme|Charles, Count of Vendôme]] had his title raised to [[Duke of Vendôme]]. His son [[Antoine of Navarre|Antoine]] became King of [[Kingdom of Navarre|Navarre]], on the northern side of the [[Pyrenees]], by marriage in 1555.<ref name="anselme"/> Two of Antoine's younger brothers were Cardinal Archbishop [[Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon (born 1523)|Charles de Bourbon]] and the French and Huguenot general [[Louis, Prince of Condé (1530–1569)|Louis de Bourbon, 1st Prince of Condé]]. Louis' male-line descendants, the [[Princes of Condé|Princes de Condé]], survived until 1830. Finally, in 1589, the [[House of Valois]] died out and Antoine's son [[Henry IV of France|Henry III of Navarre]] became Henry IV of France.<ref name="anselme"/>

==List of Bourbons==
{{main|Descendants of Henry IV of France|Descendants of Louis XIV of France|Descendants of Philip V of Spain|Descendants of Charles III of Spain}}

{{gallery|mode=packed|noborder=y
| width = 100
| height = 120
| Arms of Robert de Clermont.svg | Dukes of Bourbon
| Arms of Jacques Ier de Bourbon-La Marche.svg| [[County of La Marche|Counts of La Marche]]
| File:Arms of Louis Ier de Bourbon-Vendôme.svg | [[List of counts and dukes of Vendôme|Counts of Vendôme]]
| Arms of Jean VIII de Bourbon-Vendôme.svg | [[List of counts and dukes of Vendôme|Dukes of Vendôme]]
| File:Arms of Henry IV of France as King of Navarre (1572-1589).svg | [[List of Navarrese monarchs#House of Bourbon, 1572–1620|Bourbon Kings of Navarre to 1589 (Henry IV)]]
| File:Armas de Borbón y Navarra.svg |  [[List of Navarrese monarchs#House of Bourbon, 1572–1620|Bourbon Kings of Navarre]] and [[ List of French monarchs#House of Bourbon (1589–1792) |France]] to 1789
| Arms of Henri de Conde.svg  | [[Princes of Condé]]
| Arms of Gaston dOrleans.svg | [[House of Orléans|Dukes of Orléans]]
| Arms of Hercule dAnjou.svg  | [[Counts and dukes of Anjou|Dukes of Anjou]] ([[House of Bourbon-Anjou]])
| File:Lesser Arms of Bourbon-Parma.svg | [[House of Bourbon-Parma]]
}}

===Bourbon branches===
{{Tree list}}
* '''House of Clermont''', later called '''House of Bourbon'''
** [[Duke of Bourbon#Peerage|House of the Dukes of Bourbon]] (extinct 1521 in total; extinct 1503 in the male line)
*** ''House of Bourbon-Lavedan (illegitimate)'', extinct 1744
*** ''House of [[Bourbon-Busset]] (non-dynastic)''
*** ''House of Bourbon-Roussillon (illegitimate)'', extinct 1510
*** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Duchy of Montpensier#Counts of Montpensier (1384)|House of Bourbon-Montpensier, Counts of Montpensier]] (extinct 1527)
** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[County of La Marche#Capetian-Bourbon dynasty|House of Bourbon-La Marche]] (extinct 1438)
*** [[List of counts and dukes of Vendôme#House of Bourbon|House of Bourbon-Vendôme]]
**** [[List of French monarchs#House of Bourbon (1589–1792)|House of Bourbon, Kings of France]]
***** [[Henri, Count of Chambord|House of Artois]] (extinct 1883)
***** [[List of heads of state of Spain#House of Bourbon (1700–1808)|House of Bourbon, Kings of Spain]]
****** [[Carlism#Carlist claimants to the throne|Carlists]] (extinct 1936)
****** [[Alfonso XII of Spain|Alfonsines]]
******* [[Infante Jaime, Duke of Segovia|House of Bourbon-Anjou]]
******* {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Spanish royal family|House of Bourbon, Kings of Spain]]
****** [[Duke of Seville|House of Bourbon-Seville]]
******* [[List of current Grandees of Spain|House of Bourbon-Santa Elena]]
****** [[House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies]]
****** [[House of Bourbon-Braganza]] (extinct 1979)
****** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[House of Bourbon-Parma]]
******* {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Grand Ducal Family of Luxembourg|House of Luxembourg-Nassau]]
***** ''[[House of Bourbon-Maine]] (illegitimate)'', extinct 1775
***** ''[[Bourbon-Penthièvre|House of Bourbon-Penthièvre]] (illegitimate)'', extinct 1793
***** [[House of Orléans]]
****** [[House of Orléans-Braganza]]
****** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Duke of Galliera#Orléans dukes|House of Orléans-Galliera]]
***** {{Tree list/final branch}} ''[[Bourbon-Vendôme|House of Bourbon-Vendôme]] (illegitimate)'', extinct 1727
**** [[Princes of Condé|House of Bourbon-Condé]] (extinct 1830)
***** [[Princes of Conti|House of Bourbon-Conti]] (extinct 1814)
***** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Count of Soissons|House of Bourbon-Soissons]] (extinct 1692 in total; extinct 1641 in the male line)
**** [[Francis de Bourbon, Count of St. Pol|House of Bourbon-Saint Pol]] (extinct 1601 in total; extinct 1546 in the male line)
**** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Duchy of Montpensier#Dukes of Montpensier (1539)|House of Bourbon-Montpensier, Dukes of Montpensier]] (extinct 1693 in total; extinct 1608 in the male line)
*** House of Bourbon-Carency (extinct 1520)
**** {{Tree list/final branch}} House of Bourbon-Duisant (extinct 1530)
*** {{Tree list/final branch}} House of Bourbon-Préaux (extinct 1442)
{{Tree list/end}}

'''Family from India's claim to be a branch and their claim to The "Throne of France"'''
* [[Bourbons of India]], claim to be descendants of [[Charles III, Duke of Bourbon]], of the first House of Bourbon-Montpensier.<ref>[http://www.bourbon-bhopal.org Bourbon-Bhopal, The Royal "House of Bourbon" in India] Official Website</ref><ref name="amp.theguardian.com">{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/mar/03/india.france | title=Found in India: The last king of France | newspaper=The Guardian | date=3 March 2007 | last1=Chrisafis | first1=Angelique }}</ref><ref name="The next King of France? An Indian!">{{cite web | url=https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/local-news/the-next-king-of-france-an-indian-990208 | title=The next King of France? An Indian! | date=21 August 2007 }}</ref><ref name="Bourbon of Indian vintage">{{cite web | url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-jan-10-fg-bourbon10-story.html | title=Bourbon of Indian vintage | website=[[Los Angeles Times]] | date=10 January 2008 }}</ref>

As per the latest research carried out by [[Prince Michael of Greece]] and incorporated in his historical novel, ''Le Rajah Bourbon'',<ref>{{Cite book|last=Michel de Grèce|author-link=Prince Michael of Greece and Denmark|title=Le Rajah Bourbon|publisher=Jean-Claude Lattès|date= 2007|isbn=978-2-7096-2922-5}}</ref> [[Balthazar Napoleon IV de Bourbon]] from India is the senior heir in line to the [[List of heirs to the French throne|French throne]].<ref name="amp.theguardian.com"/><ref name="The next King of France? An Indian!"/><ref name="Bourbon of Indian vintage"/><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-international/The-lost-Bourbon-in-India/article13935645.ece | title=The lost Bourbon, in India | newspaper=The Hindu | date=3 March 2007 }}</ref>

==France==
[[File:French kings - House of Bourbon (FR) by shakko.jpg|thumb|French kings from House of Bourbon. Family tree]]

===Rise of Henry IV===
{{Main| Henry IV of France's succession}}
The first Bourbon [[king of France]] was [[Henry IV of France|Henry IV]].<ref name="anselme"/> He was born on 13 December 1553 in the [[Kingdom of Navarre]]. [[Antoine de Bourbon]], his father, was a ninth-generation descendant of King [[Louis IX of France]].<ref name="anselme"/> [[Jeanne d'Albret]], his mother, was the Queen of Navarre and niece of King [[Francis I of France]]. He was baptized [[Catholicism|Catholic]], but raised [[Calvinism|Calvinist]]. After his father was killed in 1562, he became [[Duke of Vendôme]] at the age of 10, with Admiral [[Gaspard II de Coligny|Gaspard de Coligny]] (1519–1572) as his regent. Seven years later, the young duke became the nominal leader of the [[Huguenots]] after the death of his uncle the [[Louis I, Prince of Condé|Prince de Condé]] in 1569.

Henry succeeded to Navarre as Henry III when his mother died in 1572. That same year [[Catherine de' Medici]], mother of King [[Charles IX of France]], arranged for the marriage of her daughter, [[Margaret of Valois]], to Henry, ostensibly to advance peace between Catholics and Huguenots. Many Huguenots gathered in Paris for the wedding on 24 August, but were ambushed and slaughtered by Catholics in the [[St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre]]. Henry saved his own life by converting to Catholicism. He repudiated his conversion in 1576 and resumed his leadership of the Huguenots.

The period from 1576 to 1584 was relatively calm in France, with the Huguenots consolidating control of much of the south with only occasional interference from the royal government. Extended civil war erupted again in 1584, when [[François, Duke of Anjou]], younger brother of King [[Henry III of France]], died, leaving Navarre next in line for the throne. Thus began the [[War of the Three Henrys]], as Henry of Navarre, Henry III, and the ultra-Catholic leader, [[Henry I, Duke of Guise|Henry of Guise]], fought a confusing three-cornered struggle for dominance. After Henry III was assassinated on 31 July 1589, Navarre claimed the throne as the first Bourbon king of France, Henry IV.

Much of Catholic France, organized into the [[Catholic League (French)|Catholic League]], refused to recognize a Protestant monarch and instead recognized Henry IV's uncle, [[Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon (born 1523)|Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon]], as rightful king, and the civil war continued. Henry won a crucial victory at [[Battle of Ivry|Ivry]] on 14 March 1590 and, following the death of the Cardinal the same year, the forces of the League lacked an obvious Catholic candidate for the throne and divided into various factions. Nevertheless, as a Protestant, Henry IV was unable to take Paris, a Catholic stronghold, or to decisively defeat his enemies, now supported by the Spanish. He reconverted to Catholicism in 1593{{sfn|Holt|1995|p=147}} and was crowned king retroactively to 1589 at the [[Cathedral of Chartres]] on 27 February 1594.{{sfn|Knecht|2014|p=269}}

===Early Bourbons in France===

Henry granted the [[Edict of Nantes]] on 13 April 1598, establishing Catholicism as an official state religion but also granting the Huguenots a measure of religious tolerance and political freedom short of full equality with the practice of Catholicism. This compromise ended the religious wars in France. That same year the [[Treaty of Vervins]] ended the war with Spain, adjusted the Spanish-French border, and resulted in a belated recognition by Spain of Henry as king of France.

Ably assisted by [[Maximilien de Béthune, duc de Sully]], Henry reduced the land tax known as the ''[[taille]]''; promoted agriculture, public works, construction of highways, and the first French canal; started such important industries as the tapestry works of the [[Gobelins manufactory|Gobelins]]; and intervened in favor of Protestants in the duchies and earldoms along the German frontier. This last was to be the cause of his assassination.

[[File:Augustins - Henri IV, roi de France et de Navarre - Jacques Boulbène.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.8|Henry IV of France, the first Bourbon King of France]]

Henry's marriage to Margaret, which had produced no heir, was annulled in 1599 and he married [[Marie de' Medici]], niece of the grand duke of Tuscany. A son, Louis, was born to them in 1601. Henry IV was assassinated on 14 May 1610 in Paris. [[Louis XIII of France|Louis XIII]] was only nine years old when he succeeded his father.<ref name="anselme"/> He was to prove a weak ruler; his reign was effectively a series of distinct regimes, depending who held the effective reins of power. At first, Marie de' Medici, his mother, served as regent and advanced a pro-Spanish policy. To deal with the financial troubles of France, Louis summoned the [[Estates General (France)|Estates General]] in 1614; this would be the last time that body met until the eve of the [[French Revolution]]. Marie arranged the 1615 marriage of Louis to [[Anne of Austria]], the daughter of King [[Philip III of Spain]].

In 1617, however, Louis conspired with [[Charles de Luynes|Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes]] to dispense with her influence, having her favorite [[Concino Concini]] assassinated on 26 April of that year. After some years of weak government by Louis's favorites, the King made [[Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal Richelieu]], a former protégé of his mother, the chief minister of France in 1624.

Richelieu advanced an anti-[[Habsburg]] policy. He arranged for Louis' sister, [[Henrietta Maria]], to marry King [[Charles I of England]], on 11 May 1625. Her pro-Catholic propaganda in England was one of the contributing factors to the [[English Civil War]]. Richelieu, as ambitious for France and the French monarchy as for himself, laid the ground for the [[absolute monarchy]] that would last in France until the Revolution. He wanted to establish a dominating position for France in Europe, and he wanted to unify France under the monarchy. He established the role of ''[[intendant]]s'', non-noble men whose arbitrary powers of administration were granted (and revocable) by the monarch, superseding many of the traditional duties and privileges of the noble governors.

Although it required a succession of internal military campaigns, he disarmed the fortified Huguenot towns that Henry had allowed. He involved France in the [[Thirty Years' War]] (1618–1648) against the Habsburgs by [[Treaty of Bärwalde|concluding an alliance with Sweden]] in 1631 and, actively, in 1635. He died in 1642 before the conclusion of that conflict, having groomed Cardinal [[Jules Mazarin]] as a successor. Louis XIII outlived him but by one year, dying in 1643 at the age of forty-two. After a childless marriage for twenty-three years his queen, Anne, delivered a son on 5 September 1638, whom he named Louis after himself.<ref name="anselme"/>

In the mid eighteenth century, the Bourbon monarchy had a faulty system for finance and taxation. Their lacking a national bank led to them taking short-term loans, and ordering financial agents to make payments in advance or in excess of tax revenues collected.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Haine|first1=Scott|title=The History of France|year=2000|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=0-313-30328-2|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historyoffrance00hain/page/65 65]|edition=1st|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/historyoffrance00hain/page/65}}</ref>

===Louis XIV and Louis XV===
[[File:Grand Royal Coat of Arms of France & Navarre (1).svg|right|thumb|upright=0.9 |Royal [[Coat of arms of France|Coat of arms of the Kingdom of France and Navarre]].]]
{{Main|Louis XIV of France}}
{{Main|Louis XV of France}}
[[Louis XIV]] succeeded his father at four years of age;<ref name="anselme"/> he would go on to become the most powerful king in French history. His mother Anne served as his regent with her favorite Jules, Cardinal Mazarin, as chief minister. When Louis was age 7, [[Nicolas de Neufville de Villeroy]] became governor of the young king.{{sfn|Levi|2004|p=37}} The main childhood places of Louis XIV were the [[Palais-Royal]] and the nearby [[Hôtel de Villeroy (Paris, 1st arrondissement)|Hôtel de Villeroy]]. Mazarin continued the policies of Richelieu, bringing the Thirty Years' War to a successful conclusion in 1648 and defeating the nobility's challenge to royal absolutism in a series of civil wars known as the [[Fronde]]s. He continued to war with Spain until 1659.

In that year the [[Treaty of the Pyrenees]] was signed signifying a major shift in power, France had replaced Spain as the dominant state in Europe. The treaty called for an [[arranged marriage]] between Louis and his cousin [[Maria Theresa of Spain|Maria Theresa]], a daughter of King [[Philip IV of Spain]] by his first wife [[Elisabeth of France (1602–1644)|Elisabeth]], the sister of Louis XIII. They were married in 1660 and had a son, Louis, in 1661.<ref name="anselme"/> Mazarin died on 9 March 1661 and it was expected that Louis would appoint another chief minister, as had become the tradition, but instead he shocked the country by announcing he would rule alone.

For six years Louis reformed the finances of his state and built formidable armed forces. France fought a series of wars from 1667 onward and gained some territory on its northern and eastern borders. Maria Theresa died in 1683 and the next year he secretly married the devoutly Catholic [[Françoise d'Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon]]. Louis XIV began to persecute Protestants, undoing the religious tolerance established by his grandfather Henry IV, culminating in his revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685.

The last war waged by Louis XIV proved to be one of the most important to dynastic Europe. In 1700, King [[Charles II of Spain]], a Habsburg, died without a son. Louis's only legitimate son, the ''[[Louis, Grand Dauphin|Grand Dauphin]]'', as the late king's nephew, was the closest heir; and Charles willed the kingdom to the Dauphin's second son, the Duke of Anjou. Other powers, particularly the [[Habsburg monarchy|Austrian Habsburgs]], who had the next closest claims, objected to such a vast increase in French power.

Initially, most of the other powers were willing to accept Anjou's reign as [[Philip V of Spain|Philip V]], but Louis's mishandling of their concerns soon drove the [[Kingdom of England|English]], [[Dutch Republic|Dutch]] and other powers to join the Austrians in a coalition against France. The [[War of the Spanish Succession]] began in 1701 and raged for 12 years. In the end Louis's grandson was recognized as king of Spain, but he was obliged to agree to the forfeiture of succession rights in France, the [[Habsburg Spain|Spanish Habsburgs]]' other European territories were largely ceded to Austria, and France was nearly bankrupted by the cost of the struggle. Louis died on 1 September 1715 ending his seventy-two-year reign, the longest in European history.
[[File:Louis XIV of France and his family attributed to Nicolas de Largillière.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.65|Dynastic group portrait of Louis XIV (seated) with his son the [[Louis, Grand Dauphin|Louis the ''Grand Dauphin'']] (to the left), his grandson [[Louis, Duke of Burgundy]] (to the right), his great-grandson the duc d'Anjou, later Louis XV, and [[Madame de Ventadour]], his governess, who commissioned this painting some years later; busts of [[Henry IV of France|Henry IV]] and [[Louis XIII]] in the background.]]

The reign of Louis XIV was so long that he outlived both his son and eldest grandson. He was succeeded by his great-grandson [[Louis XV]].<ref name="anselme"/> Louis XV was born on 15 February 1710 and was thus aged only five at his ascension, the third Louis in a row to become king of France before the age of thirteen (Louis XIII became king at 9, Louis XIV at almost 5 and himself at 5). Initially, the regency was held by [[Philippe II, Duke of Orléans|Philippe, Duke of Orléans]], Louis XIV's nephew, as nearest adult male to the throne.<ref name="anselme"/> This ''[[Régence]]'' was seen as a period of greater individual expression, manifested in secular, artistic, literary and colonial activity, in contrast to the austere latter years of Louis XIV's reign.

Following Orléans' death in 1723, the [[Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon|Duke of Bourbon]], representative of the Bourbon-Condé cadet line, became prime minister. It was expected that Louis would marry his cousin, the daughter of King Philip V of Spain, but this engagement was broken by the duke in 1725 so that Louis could marry [[Marie Leszczyńska]], the daughter of [[Stanisław Leszczyński|Stanislas]], former king of Poland. Bourbon's motive appears to have been a desire to produce an heir as soon as possible so as to reduce the chances of a succession dispute between Philip V and the Duke of Orléans in the event of the sickly king's death. Maria was already an adult woman at the time of the marriage, while the [[infanta]] was still a young girl.

[[File:Louis14-Family.jpg|left|thumb| upright=1.65 |A posthumous painting commissioned around 1670 by [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|Philippe de France]]. It shows the French Bourbon family around that time. It includes: [[Henrietta Maria of France]] (d. 1669), exiled Queen of England; [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans]], founder of the [[House of Orléans]]; his first wife [[Henrietta of England|Princess Henriette]] (d. 1670); the couple's first daughter [[Marie Louise d'Orléans]] (later Queen of Spain); [[Anne of Austria]] (d. 1666); the Orléans daughters of [[Gaston, Duke of Orléans]]; [[Louis XIV]]; the Dauphin of France with his wife [[Maria Theresa of Spain]] with her third daughter [[Marie Thérèse of France (1667–1672)|Marie-Thérèse]], called [[Madame Royale]] (died 1672) and her second son ''Philippe-Charles de France, duc d'Anjou'' (d. 1671). The first daughter of Gaston stands on the far right: [[Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier|Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans]]. The picture frame with the two children are the other two daughters of Louis and Maria Theresa who died in 1662 and 1664.]]
Nevertheless, Bourbon's action brought a very negative response from Spain, and for his incompetence Bourbon was soon replaced by Cardinal [[André-Hercule de Fleury]], the young king's tutor, in 1726. Fleury was a peace-loving man who intended to keep France out of war, but circumstances presented themselves that made this impossible.

The first cause of these wars came in 1733 when [[Augustus II of Poland|Augustus II]], the elector of Saxony and king of Poland died. With French support, Stanislas was again elected king. This brought France into conflict with [[Russian Empire|Russia]] and Austria who supported [[Augustus III]], Elector of Saxony and son of Augustus II.

Stanislas lost the Polish crown, but he was given the [[Duchy of Lorraine]] as compensation, which would pass to France after his death in 1766. Next came the [[War of the Austrian Succession]] in 1740 in which France supported King [[Frederick II of Prussia]] against [[Maria Theresa]], [[List of rulers of Austria|Archduchess of Austria]] and [[List of Hungarian monarchs|Queen of Hungary]]. Fleury died in 1743 before the conclusion of the war.

Shortly after Fleury's death in 1745 Louis was influenced by his mistress the [[Marquise de Pompadour]] to reverse the policy of France in 1756 by creating an [[Franco-Austrian Alliance|alliance]] with Austria against Prussia in the [[Seven Years' War]]. The war was a disaster for France, which lost most of her overseas possessions to the British in the [[Treaty of Paris (1763)]]. Maria, his wife, died in 1768 and Louis himself died on 10 May 1774.

===French Revolution===
{{Main| French Revolution}}
[[Louis XVI]] had become the [[Dauphin of France]] upon the death of his father [[Louis, Dauphin of France (1729–1765)|Louis]], the son of Louis XV, in 1765. He married [[Marie Antoinette]] of Austria, a daughter of Holy Roman Empress [[Maria Theresa]], in 1770. Louis intervened in the [[American Revolution]] against Britain in 1778, but he is most remembered for his role in the [[French Revolution]]. France was in financial turmoil and Louis was forced to convene the [[Estates-General of 1789|Estates-General]] on 5 May 1789.

They formed the [[National Assembly (French Revolution)|National Assembly]] and forced Louis to accept a constitution that limited his powers on 14 July 1789. He [[Flight to Varennes|tried to flee France]] in June 1791, but was captured. The French monarchy was abolished on 21 September 1792 and a [[French First Republic|republic]] was proclaimed. The chain of Bourbon monarchs begun in 1589 was broken. Louis XVI was [[Execution of Louis XVI|executed]] on 21 January 1793.

Marie Antoinette and her son, Louis, were held as prisoners. Many French royalists proclaimed him [[Louis XVII]], but he never reigned. She was executed on 16 October 1793. He died of [[tuberculosis]] on 8 June 1795 at the age of ten while in captivity.<ref>"The heart of Louis XVII, the son of Marie-Antoinette and Louis XVI who died in prison in 1795, has been laid to test in the crypt of Saint-Denis Basilica.(News)(Brief Article)." History Today. History Today Ltd. 2004. HighBeam Research. 18 September 2012;"''Louis XVII officially died of TB at the age of ten in the Temple prison.''"</ref>

The [[French Revolutionary Wars]] and [[Napoleonic Wars]] spread nationalism and anti-absolutism throughout Europe, and the other Bourbon monarchs were threatened. [[Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies|Ferdinand IV]] was forced to flee from Naples in 1806 when [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] deposed him and installed his brother, [[Joseph Bonaparte|Joseph]], as king. Ferdinand continued to rule from Sicily until 1815.

Napoleon conquered Parma in 1800 and compensated the Bourbon duke with [[Kingdom of Etruria|Etruria]], a new kingdom he created from the [[Grand Duchy of Tuscany]]. It was short-lived, counting only two monarchs, [[Louis I of Etruria|Louis]] and [[Charles II, Duke of Parma|Louis II]], as Napoleon annexed Etruria in 1807.

King [[Charles IV of Spain]] had been an ally of France. He succeeded his father, [[Charles III of Spain|Charles III]], in 1788. At first he declared war on France on 7 March 1793, but he made peace on 22 June 1795. This peace became an alliance on 19 August 1796. His chief minister, [[Manuel de Godoy]] convinced Charles that his son, [[Ferdinand VII of Spain|Ferdinand]], was plotting to overthrow him. Napoleon exploited the situation and invaded Spain in March 1808. This led to an [[Tumult of Aranjuez|uprising]] that forced Charles to abdicate on 19 March 1808 in favor of his son, who became Ferdinand VII. Napoleon forced Ferdinand to return the crown to Charles on 30 April and then convinced Charles to relinquish it to him on 10 May 1808. In turn, he gave it to his brother, Joseph, king of Naples on 6 June 1808. Joseph abandoned Naples to [[Joachim Murat]], the husband of Napoleon's sister. This was very unpopular in Spain and resulted in the [[Peninsular War]], a struggle that would contribute to the downfall of Napoleon.

===Bourbon Restoration===
[[File:Pavillon royal de France.svg|left|upright=1.15|thumb|The standard of the French royal family under the ''[[Ancien Régime]]'' and the [[Bourbon Restoration in France|restoration period]].]]
{{main|Bourbon Restoration in France}}
With the abdication of Napoleon on 11 April 1814 the Bourbon dynasty was restored to the Kingdom of France in the person of [[Louis XVIII]], brother of Louis XVI. Napoleon escaped from exile and Louis fled in March 1815. Louis was again restored after the [[Battle of Waterloo]] on 7 July 1815.

The conservative elements of Europe dominated the post-Napoleonic age, but the values of the French Revolution could not be easily swept aside. Louis granted a [[Charter of 1814|constitution]] on 14 June 1814 to appease the liberals, but the ultra-royalist party, led by his brother, Charles, continued to influence his reign.<ref name="Durant">[[Will Durant|Durant, Will]] and [[Ariel Durant|Durant, Ariel]]. ''The Story of Civilization'', Part XI, The Age of Napoleon". Simon & Schuster, New York, 1975. pp. 730–731, 774.</ref> When he died in 1824 his brother became king as [[Charles X of France|Charles X]] much to the dismay of French liberals. In a saying ascribed to [[Talleyrand]], "they had learned nothing and forgotten nothing."<ref>In French: ''Ils n'ont rien appris, ni rien oublié.'' There is no historic evidence linking the saying to Talleyrand. It may derive from a similar lamentation about the royalists, found in a letter by Charles Louis Etienne, chevalier de Panat, a French naval officer, dated January 1796 and sent from London to [[Jacques Mallet du Pan|Mallet du Pan]]: ''personne n'a su ni rien oublier, ni rien apprendre'' ("nobody has been able to forget anything, nor to learn anything"), included in: {{cite book |editor=A. Sayou |title=Mémoires et correspondance de Mallet du Pan |volume=II |year=1852 |page=197 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LZpCAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA197}}</ref>

====Aftermath====
Charles passed several laws that appealed to the upper class, but angered the middle class. The situation came to a head when he appointed a new minister on 8 August 1829 who did not have the confidence of the [[Chamber of Deputies (France)|Chamber of Deputies]]. The chamber censured the king on 18 March 1830 and in response Charles proclaimed the [[July Ordinances]] on 26 July 1830 intended to silence criticism against him.{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}} This resulted in the [[July Revolution]].

[[File:Coat of Arms of the July Monarchy (1830-31).svg|thumb|Coat of arms of [[Louis Philippe I|Louis Philippe]] of the [[Orléanist]] cadet branch, French king during the [[July Monarchy]] 1830–48 (with the revolutionary [[Flag of France|Tricolour flag]] and the Napoleonic Order of the [[Legion of Honour]])]]

As a compromise the crown was offered to [[Louis Philippe I|Louis Philippe]], duke of Orléans, a descendant of the [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans|brother of Louis XIV]], and the head of the Orléanist cadet branch of the Bourbons. Agreeing to reign constitutionally and under the [[Tricolour (flag)|tricolour]], he was proclaimed King of the French on 7 August 1830. The resulting regime, known as the [[July Monarchy]], lasted until the [[French Revolution of 1848|Revolution of 1848]]. The Bourbon monarchy in France ended on 24 February 1848, when Louis Philippe was forced to abdicate and the short-lived [[French Second Republic|Second Republic]] was established.

Some [[Legitimists]] refused to recognize the Orléanist monarchy. After the death of Charles in 1836 his son was proclaimed [[Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême|Louis XIX]], though this title was never formally recognized. Charles' grandson [[Henri, Count of Chambord]], the last Bourbon claimant of the French crown, was proclaimed by some Henry V, but the French monarchy was never restored.

Following the 1870 collapse of the [[Second French Empire]] of Emperor [[Napoleon III]], Henri was offered a restored throne. However Chambord refused to accept the throne unless France abandoned the revolution-inspired [[Flag of France|tricolour]] and accepted what he regarded as the true Bourbon flag of France, featuring the [[fleur-de-lis]]. The tricolour, originally associated with the French Revolution and the [[French First Republic|First Republic]], had been used by the July Monarchy, the Second Republic and both Empires; the [[French National Assembly]] could not possibly agree.

A ''temporary'' [[French Third Republic|Third Republic]] was established, while monarchists waited for the comte de Chambord to die and for the succession to pass to [[Prince Philippe, Count of Paris]], who was willing to accept the tricolour. Henri lived until 1883, by which time public opinion had come to accept the republic as the "form of government that divides us least." His death without issue marked the extinction of the main line of the French Bourbons. Thus the head of the House of Bourbon became [[Juan, Count of Montizón]] of the Spanish line of the house who was also [[Carlist]] claimant to the throne of Spain, and had become the senior male of the dynasty by primogeniture. His heir as eldest Bourbon and head of the house is today [[Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou]].

However the terms of the Peace of Utrecht forbade the descendants of Philip V of Spain from inheriting the throne of France, therefore many monarchists recognised the Orléans line as heirs to the French throne.

By an ordinance of [[Louis Philippe I]] of 13 August 1830, it was decided that the king's children (and his sister) would continue to bear the arms of Orléans, that Louis-Philippe's eldest son, as Prince Royal, would bear the title of Duke of Orléans, that the younger sons would continue to have their existing titles, and that the sister and daughters of the king would be styled ''Royal Highness'' and "d'Orléans," but the Orléans dynasts did not take the name "of France."

==Bourbons of Spain and Italy==
[[File:Dinasty Bourbon (Spain) - kings2 - family tree by shakko (EN).jpg|upright=0.45|thumb|Spanish kings from the House of Bourbon]]
{{see also|Spanish royal family}}
===Philip V===
[[File:Coat of Arms of Spanish Monarch.svg|thumb|upright=0.7|right|Arms of the present [[King of Spain]] of the House of Bourbon]]
The Spanish branch of the House of Bourbon, also known as the House of Bourbon-Anjou, was founded by Philip V. He was born in 1683 at Versailles, the second son of the Grand Dauphin, who was eldest son of Louis XIV. He was [[Duchy of Anjou|Duke of Anjou]] and probably never expected to be raised to a rank higher than that. However, King [[Charles II of Spain]], dying without issue, willed the throne to his grand-nephew the Duke of Anjou, who was the younger grandson of his eldest sister [[Maria Theresa of Spain|Marie-Thérèse]], who had married Louis XIV.

The prospect of Bourbons on both the French and Spanish thrones was resisted as creating an [[European balance of power|imbalance of power]] in Europe by its powers and, upon Charles II's death on 1 November 1700, a [[Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg)|Grand Alliance]] of European nations united against Philip. This was known as the [[War of the Spanish Succession]]. In the [[Treaty of Utrecht]], signed on 11 April 1713, Philip was recognized as [[king of Spain]] but his renunciation of succession rights to France was affirmed and, of the [[Spanish Empire]]'s other European territories, Sicily was [[Kingdom of Sicily under Savoy|ceded to Savoy]], and the [[Spanish Netherlands]], [[Duchy of Milan|Milan]], and Naples were allotted to the [[Habsburg monarchy|Austrian Habsburgs]].

Philip had two sons by his first wife. After her death, he married [[Elisabeth Farnese]], niece of [[Francesco Farnese, Duke of Parma]], in 1714. She presented Philip with three sons, for whom she had ambitions of securing Italian crowns. She therefore induced Philip to [[Kingdom of Sardinia (1700–1720)|occupy Sardinia]] and Sicily in 1717.

A [[Quadruple Alliance (1718)|Quadruple Alliance]] of Britain, France, Austria and the Netherlands was organized on 2 August 1718 to stop him. In the [[Treaty of The Hague (1720)|Treaty of The Hague]], signed on 17 February 1720, Philip renounced his conquests of Sardinia and Sicily, but he assured the ascension of his eldest son by Elisabeth to the Duchy of Parma upon the reigning duke's death. Philip abdicated in January 1724 in favor of [[Louis of Spain|Louis I]], his eldest son with his first wife, but Louis died in August and Philip resumed the crown.

When the [[War of the Polish Succession]] began in 1733, Philip and Elisabeth saw another opportunity to advance the claims of their sons and recover at least part of the former possessions of the Spanish crown on the Italian peninsula. Philip signed the [[Pacte de Famille|Family Compact]] with Louis XV, his nephew and king of France. [[Charles III of Spain|Charles]], Duke of Parma since 1731, invaded Naples. At the conclusion of peace on 13 November 1738, control of Parma and Piacenza was ceded to Austria, which had occupied the duchies but was now forced to recognise Charles as king of Naples and Sicily. Philip also used the [[War of the Austrian Succession]] to win back control of Parma. He did not live to see it to its conclusion, however, dying in 1746.

===Ferdinand VI and Charles III===
[[File:Ferdinand VI of Bourbon coat of arms.jpg|thumb|188x188px|Coat of arms of Ferdinand VI at the [[Fortaleza de San Fernando|Omoa Fortress]] in Honduras.]]
[[Ferdinand VI]], second son of Philip V and his first wife, succeeded his father. He was a peace-loving monarch who kept Spain out of the [[Seven Years' War]]. He died in 1759 in the midst of that conflict and was succeeded by his half-brother [[Charles III of Spain|Charles III]], already reigning as king in Naples and Sicily.

Following Spain's victory over the Austrians at the [[Battle of Bitonto]], it proved inexpedient to reunite Naples and Sicily to Spain, so as a compromise Charles became King of Naples, as Charles IV and VII of Sicily. Following Charles' accession to the Spanish throne in 1759, he was required, by the Treaty of Naples of 3 October 1759, to abdicate Naples and Sicily to his third son, [[Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies|Ferdinand]], thus initiating the branch known as the [[House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies|Neapolitan Bourbons]].

Charles revived the Family Compact with France on 15 August 1761 and joined in the Seven Years' War against Britain in 1762; the reformist policies he had espoused in Naples were pursued with similar energy in Spain, where he completely overhauled the cumbersome bureaucracy of the state. As a French ally, he opposed Britain during the American Revolution in June 1779, supplying large quantities of weapons and munitions to the rebels and keeping one third of all the British forces in the Americas occupied defending Florida and what is now [[Alabama]], which were ultimately recaptured by Spain. Charles died in 1788.

===Bourbons of Parma===
Elisabeth Farnese's ambitions were realized at the conclusion of the War of the Austrian Succession in 1748 when the [[Duchy of Parma and Piacenza]], already occupied by Spanish troops, were ceded by Austria to her second son, [[Philip of Parma|Philip]], and combined with the former [[Duchy of Guastalla]] of the [[House of Gonzaga|Gonzagas]]. Elisabeth died in 1766.

==Later Bourbon monarchs outside France==
{{unreferenced section|date=October 2011}}
[[File:Great Royal Coat of Arms of theTwo Sicilies.svg|thumb|Coat of Arms of the Royal [[House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies]]]]
[[File:Ducal Coat of Arms of Parma (1748-1802).svg|thumb|Coat of Arms of the [[House of Bourbon-Parma]]]]

Upon the fall of the French Empire, Ferdinand I was restored to his throne in Naples, forming the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in 1816 and founding the [[House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies]]. His subjects revolted in 1820 and he was forced to grant a constitution; [[Austrian Empire|Austria]] invaded in March 1821 at his request and revoked the constitution. He was succeeded by his son, [[Francis I of the Two Sicilies|Francis I]], in 1825 and by his grandson, [[Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies|Ferdinand II]], in 1830. A [[Sicilian revolution of 1848|revolution in Sicily]] erupted in January 1848 and Ferdinand was also forced to grant a constitution. This constitution was revoked in 1849. Ferdinand was succeeded by his son, [[Francis II of the Two Sicilies|Francis II]], in May 1859.

When [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]] captured Naples in 1860, Francis restored the constitution in an attempt to save his sovereignty. He fled to the fortress of [[Gaeta]], which was besieged and [[siege of Gaeta (1861)|captured by the Piedmontese troops]] in February 1861. His kingdom was incorporated into the [[Kingdom of Italy]] on 17 March 1861, after the fall the fortress of [[Messina]] (surrendered on 12 March), although the Neapolitan troops in [[Civitella del Tronto]] resisted three days longer.

After the fall of Napoleon, Napoleon's wife, [[Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma|Maria Louisa]], was made Duchess of Parma. As compensation, Charles Louis, the former king of Etruria, was made the [[Duchy of Lucca|Duke of Lucca]]. When Maria Louisa died in 1847 he was restored to Parma as [[Charles II of Parma|Charles II]]. Lucca was incorporated into Tuscany. He was succeeded by his son, [[Charles III of Parma|Charles III]], and grandson, [[Robert I of Parma|Robert I]], in 1854. The people of Parma voted for a union with the [[Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)|Kingdom of Sardinia]] in 1860. After Italian unification the next year, the Bourbon dynasty in Italy was no more.

Ferdinand VII was restored to the throne of Spain in March 1814. Like his Italian Bourbon counterpart, his subjects [[Trienio Liberal|revolted]] against him in January 1820 and he was forced to grant a constitution. A [[Hundred Thousand Sons of Saint Louis|French army]] invaded in 1823 and the constitution was revoked. Ferdinand married his fourth wife, [[Maria Christina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies|Maria Christina]], the daughter of Francis I, the Bourbon king of the Two Sicilies, in 1829. Despite his many marriages he did not have a son, so in 1833 he was influenced by his wife to abolish the [[Salic Law]] so that their daughter, Isabella, could become queen depriving his brother, [[Infante Carlos, Count of Molina|Don Carlos]], of the throne.

[[Isabella II of Spain|Isabella II]] succeeded her father when he died in 1833. She was only three years old and Maria Cristina, her mother, served as regent. Maria knew that she needed the support of the liberals to oppose Don Carlos so she granted a constitution in 1834. Don Carlos found his [[Carlism|greatest support]] in [[Catalonia]] and the [[Basque Country (greater region)|Basque country]] because the constitution centralized the provinces thus denying them the autonomy they sought. He was defeated and fled the country in 1839. Isabella was declared of age in 1843 and she married her cousin [[Francisco de Asís, Duke of Cádiz|Francisco de Asís]], the son of her father's brother, on 10 October 1846. A military revolution broke out against Isabella in 1868 and she was deposed on 29 September 1868. She abdicated in favor of her son, Alfonso, in 1870, but Spain was proclaimed a republic for a brief time.

When the [[First Spanish Republic]] failed the crown was offered to Isabella's son who accepted on 1 January 1875 as [[Alfonso XII]]. The Carlist pretender [[Carlos, Duke of Madrid|Don Carlos]], who returned to Spain, was defeated and resumed his exile in February 1876. Alfonso granted a new [[Spanish Constitution of 1876|constitution]] in July 1876 that was more liberal than the one granted by his grandmother. His reign was cut short when he died in 1885 at the age of twenty-eight.

[[Alfonso XIII]] was born on 17 May 1886 after the death of his father. His mother, [[Maria Christina of Austria|Maria Christina]], the second wife of Alfonso XII served as regent. Alfonso XIII was declared of age in 1902 and he married [[Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg]], the granddaughter of the British [[Queen Victoria]] on 31 May 1906. He remained neutral during [[World War I]], but supported the military coup of [[Miguel Primo de Rivera]] on 13 September 1923. A movement towards the establishment of a republic began in 1930 and Alfonso fled the country on 14 April 1931. He never formally abdicated, but lived the rest of his life in exile. He died in 1941.

The Bourbon dynasty seemed finished in Spain as in the rest of the world, but it would be resurrected. The [[Second Spanish Republic]] was overthrown in the [[Spanish Civil War]], leading to the dictatorship of [[Francisco Franco]]. He named [[Juan Carlos I of Spain|Juan Carlos de Borbón]], a grandson of Alfonso XIII, his successor in 1969. When Franco died six years later, Juan Carlos I took the throne to restore the Bourbon dynasty. The new king oversaw the [[Spanish transition to democracy]], the [[Spanish Constitution of 1978]] recognized the monarchy.

Since 1964 the Bourbon-Parma line has reigned agnatically though not officially in Luxembourg through Grand Dukes [[Jean of Luxembourg|Jean]] and his son [[Henri of Luxembourg|Henri]]. In June 2011, Luxembourg adopted absolute primogeniture, replacing the old Semi-Salic law that might have guaranteed the survival of Bourbon rule for generations.

Though it is not as powerful as it once was and no longer reigns in its native country of France, the House of Bourbon is by no means extinct and has survived to the present-day world, predominantly composed of republics.

The House of Bourbon, in its surviving branches, is believed to be the oldest royal dynasty of Europe (and the oldest documented European family altogether) that is still existing in the direct male line today: The [[House of Capet]]'s male ancestors, the [[Robertians]], go back to [[Robert of Hesbaye]] (d. 807) as their first secured ancestor and he is believed to be a direct male descendant of Charibert de Haspengau (c. 555–636). Should this be true, only the [[Imperial House of Japan]] would outmatch the Bourbon's age, being reliably documented – as a ruling house already – from about 540. The [[House of Hesse]] traces its line back to 841, the [[House of Welf|House of Welf-Este]] and the [[House of Wettin]] are both emerging in the 10th century (and so do some Italian non-ruling houses like the [[Caetani]] or the [[Massimo family]]), whereas most of the other ruling families of Europe only turn up to the light of history after the year 1000.

==List of Bourbon rulers==

===France===

====Monarchs of France====
Dates indicate reigns, not lifetimes.
* [[Henry IV of France|Henry IV]], the Great (1589–1610)
* [[Louis XIII]], the Just (1610–1643)
* [[Louis XIV]], the Sun King (1643–1715)
* [[Louis XV]], the Well-Beloved (1715–1774)
* [[Louis XVI]] (1774–1792)

====Claimants to the throne of France====
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes.
* Louis XVI (1792–1793)
* [[Louis XVII]] (1793–1795)
* [[Louis XVIII]], the Desired (1795–1814)

====Monarchs of France====
Dates indicate reigns, not lifetimes.
* Louis XVIII (1814–1824)
* [[Charles X of France|Charles X]] (1824–1830)
* [[Louis-Philippe I]] (House of Bourbon-Orléans) (1830–1848)

====Legitimist claimants in France====
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes.
* Charles X (1830–1836)
* [[Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême]] (Louis XIX) (1836–1844)
* [[Henri, Count of Chambord]] (Henri V) (1844–1883)

====Legitimist claimants in France (Spanish branch)====
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes.
* [[Juan, Count of Montizón]] (Jean III) (1883–1887)
* [[Carlos, Duke of Madrid]] (Charles XI) (1887–1909)
* [[Jaime, Duke of Madrid|Jaime, Duke of Anjou and Madrid]] (Jacques I) (1909–1931)
* [[Alfonso Carlos, Duke of San Jaime]] (Charles XII) (1931–1936)
* [[Alfonso XIII]] of Spain (Alphonse I) (1936–1941) (did not claim the Throne of France)
* [[Jaime, Duke of Segovia]] (Jacques II / Henri VI) (1941–1975)
* [[Alfonso, Duke of Anjou and Cádiz]] (Alphonse II) (1975–1989)
* [[Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou]] (Louis XX) (1989–present)

====Orléanist and Unionist claimants in France====
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes.
* [[Prince Philippe, Count of Paris]] (Philippe VII) (1883–1894)
* [[Prince Philippe, Duke of Orléans (1869–1926)|Prince Philippe, Duke of Orléans]] (Philippe VIII) (1894–1926)
* [[Prince Jean, Duke of Guise]] (Jean III) (1926–1940)
* [[Henri, Count of Paris (1908–1999)|Prince Henri, Count of Paris]] (Henry VI) (1940–1999)
* [[Henri, Count of Paris (1933–2019)|Prince Henri, Count of Paris]] (Henry VII) (1999–2019)
* [[Jean, Count of Paris|Prince Jean, Count of Paris]] (Jean IV) (2019–present)

===Kingdom of Spain===

====Monarchs of Spain====
Dates indicate seniority, not lifetimes. Where reign as king or queen of Spain is different, this is noted.
* [[Philip V of Spain|Philip V]] (1700–1746) [abdicated 1724, resumed throne on death of son]
* [[Louis of Spain|Louis I]] [King 1724; ruled less than one year]
* [[Ferdinand VI of Spain|Ferdinand VI]] (1746–1759)
* [[Charles III of Spain|Charles III]] (1759–1788)
* [[Charles IV of Spain|Charles IV]] (1788–1808)
* [[Ferdinand VII of Spain|Ferdinand VII]] (1808–1833) [King 1808, 1813–1833]
* [[Isabella II of Spain|Isabella II]] (1833–1870) [Queen 1833–1868]
* [[Alfonso XII]] (1870–1885) [King 1874–1885]
* [[Alfonso XIII]] (1886–1941) [King 1886–1931]
* [[Juan, Count of Barcelona]] (Juan III) (1941–1977) [did not become King]
* [[Juan Carlos I]] (1977–2014) [King 1975–2014]
* [[Felipe VI]] (2014–present)

===="Carlist" claimants in Spain====
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes. 
* [[Infante Carlos, Count of Molina]] (Carlos V) (1833–1845)
* [[Infante Carlos, Count of Montemolin]] (Carlos VI) (1845–1861)
* [[Juan, Count of Montizón]] (Juan III) (1861–1868)
* [[Carlos, Duke of Madrid]] (Carlos VII) (1868–1909)
* [[Jaime, Duke of Madrid]] (Jaime III) (1909–1931)
* [[Alfonso Carlos of Bourbon, Duke of San Jaime]] (Alfonso Carlos I) (1931–1936)
* [[Xavier, Duke of Parma]] (Xavier I) (1936–1952–1977)
* [[Carlos Hugo of Bourbon, Duke of Parma]] (Carlos Hugo I) (1977–1979)
* [[Prince Sixtus Henry of Bourbon-Parma]] (Sixto Enrique I) (1979–present)

===Grand Duchy of Luxembourg===
====Grand Dukes of Luxembourg====
Dates indicate reigns, not lifetimes.
* [[Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg|Jean]] (1964–2000)
* [[Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg|Henri]] (2000–present)

===Other significant Bourbon titles===
* [[Duke of Bourbon|Dukes of Bourbon]], [[Duke of Montpensier|Montpensier]], [[Duke of Vendôme|Vendôme]], [[Duke of Anjou|Anjou]], [[Kingdom of the Two Sicilies|Kings of the Two Sicilies]], [[Duke of Parma|Dukes of Parma]], [[Duke of Orléans|Dukes of Orléans]], [[List of heads of state of Brazil|Princes of Orléans and Braganza]]
* [[Princes of Condé]]
* [[Princes of Conti]]

==Surnames used==
Officially, the [[King of France]] had no family name. A prince with the rank of {{lang|fr|[[fils de France]]}} (Son of France) is surnamed "''de France''"; all the male-line descendants of each {{lang|fr|fils de France}}, however, took his main title (whether an [[appanage]] or a [[courtesy title]]) as their family or last name. However, when [[Louis XVI]] was put on trial and later "[[guillotined]]" (executed) by the revolutionaries [[National Convention]] in France in 1793, they somewhat contemptuously referred to him in written documents and spoken address as "Citizen Louis Capet" as if a "commoner" (referring back to the [[Medieval]] origins of the Bourbon Dynasty's name and referring to [[Hugh Capet]], founder of the [[Capetian dynasty]]).

Members of the House of Bourbon-Condé and its cadet branches, which never ascended to the throne, used the surname "de Bourbon" until their extinction in 1830.

The daughters of [[Gaston, Duke of Orléans]], were the first members of the House of Bourbon since the accession of Henry IV to take their surname from the appanage of their father (d'Orléans). Gaston died without a male heir; his titles reverted to the crown. It was given to his nephew, [[Philippe I, Duke of Orléans]], brother of Louis XIV, whose descendants still bear the surname.

When Philippe, grandson of Louis XIV, became King of Spain as [[Philip V of Spain|Philip V]], he gave up his French titles. As a Son of France, his actual surname was "de France". However, since that surname was not heritable for descendants of rank lower than Son of France, and since Philippe had already given up his French titles, his descendants simply took the name of their royal house as their surname ("de Bourbon", rendered in Spanish as "{{lang|es|de Borbón}}").

The children of Philippe's brother, [[Charles, Duke of Berry (1686–1714)|Charles, Duke of Berry]] (all of whom died in infancy), were given the surname "d'Alençon". He was Duke of Berry only [[courtesy title|in name]], so the surname of his children was taken from his first substantial duchy.

The children of Charles Philippe, Count of Artois, brother of Louis XVI, were surnamed "d'Artois". When Charles succeeded to the throne as [[Charles X of France|Charles X]], his son [[Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême|Louis Antoine]] became a Son of France, with the corresponding change in surname. His grandson, [[Henry, Count of Chambord|Henri d'Artois]], being merely a Grandson of France, would use the surname until his death.

==Capetian related  branches==
{{Tree list}}
* [[Hugh Capet]]
** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Robert II of France]]
*** [[Henry I of France]]
**** [[Philip I of France]]
***** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Louis VI of France]]
****** [[Louis VII of France]]
******* {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Philip II of France]]
******** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Louis VIII of France]]
********* [[Louis IX of France]]
********** [[Philip III of France]]
*********** [[Philip IV of France]]
*********** [[File:Blason comte fr Valois.svg|25px]] [[House of Valois]]
*********** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[File:Blason ville fr Mortain (Manche).svg|25px]] [[House of Évreux]]
********** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[File:Blason comte fr Clermont (Bourbon).svg|25px]] ''' ''House of Bourbon'' '''
********* [[File:Blason province fr Artois.svg|25px]] [[House of Artois]]
********* {{Tree list/final branch}} [[File:Blason comte fr Anjou.svg|25px]] [[Capetian House of Anjou|House of Anjou]]
****** [[File:Blason Comtes de Dreux.svg|25px]] [[House of Dreux]]
****** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[File:Blason Courtenay.svg|25px]] [[Capetian House of Courtenay|House of Courtenay]]
**** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[File:Armoiries Vermandois.svg|25px]] [[Capetian House of Vermandois|House of Vermandois]]
*** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[File:Blason Ducs Bourgogne (ancien).svg|25px]] [[House of Burgundy]]
{{Tree list/end}}

== The three dynasties of Bourbon ==

The first were the lords of Bourbon, who died out by the males in 1171, then by the women in 1216. Their coat of arms are: D'or au lion de gueules, et à l'orle de huit coquilles d'azur Nicolas Louis Achaintre, ''Genealogical and chronological history of the royal house of Bourbon'' vol. 1, ed. Didot, 1825, p.&nbsp;45.

The second family formed by the marriage of the last descendant of the first family, [[Mathilde of Bourbon]] with [[Guy II of Dampierre]], this land passed to the [[house of Dampierre]] in 1196. The coat of arms of this family is: "De gueules à deux léopards d'or, avec couronne de baron",<ref>Nicolas Louis Achaintre, ''Genealogical and chronological history of the royal house of Bourbon'' vol. 1, ed. Didot, 1825, p. 30</ref> but they took the coat of arms of the previous ones. The son of Guy de Dampierre and Mahaut de Bourbon, Archambaud VIII, took the name and arms of his mother, "de Bourbon", the [[House of Bourbon-Dampierre]]. By the marriage of, [[Agnes of Dampierre]] (died around 1287), with [[John of Burgundy (1231–68)|John of Burgundy]], this important lordship passed to their daughter [[Beatrice of Burgundy, Lady of Bourbon|Béatrice de Bourgogne]] (1257–1310), lady of Bourbon, then to her husband  [[Robert, Count of Clermont]] (1256–1317), and penultimate child of [[Louis IX of France|Saint Louis]], thus possessing the land of Bourbon by "the right of the woman (''[[de iure uxoris]]'').

The third house of Bourbon acceded to the throne of [[Lower Navarre|Navarre]] in 1555, then to the throne of France in 1589 by [[Henry IV of France|Henri IV]]. His coat of arms are: "D'azur, fleurs-de-lys d'or sans nombre, l'écu brisé d'un bâton ou cotice de gueules, brochant sur le tout, avec couronne de fils de France. The name '' House of Bourbon '' was then used to describe the entire [[House of France]], officially since 29 June 1768, date of death of [[Hélène de Courtenay]] (1689–1768), with which was extinguished the [[Capetian House of Courtenay]], extinction which made the House of France the only branch dynasty resulting from the dukes of Bourbon.

== First House of Bourbon ==

The Lords of Bourbon, 9th century until 1196.
{{Tree list}}
*Knight [[Aymar of Bourbon|Aymar or Adhemar]], († v. 953)
**[[Aymon I of Bourbon|Aymon I<sup>er</sup>]], Lord of Bourbon († v. 959)
***[[Archambaud I of Bourbon|Archambaud I the Frank]], Lord of Bourbon († v. 990) 
****[[Archambaud II of Bourbon|Archambaud II the Old Man]], Lord of Bourbon († v. 1031)
*****[[Archambaud III of Bourbon|Archambaud III the Younger]], Lord of Bourbon († 1064)
******[[Archambaud IV of Bourbon|Archambaud IV the Strong]], Lord of Bourbon († 1078) 
*******[[Archambaud V of Bourbon|Archambaud V the Pious]], Lord of Bourbon († 1096) 
********[[Archambaud VI of Bourbon|Archambaud VI the Pupil]], Lord of Bourbon († 1116) 
*********[[Aymon II of Bourbon|Aymon II]] Cow-Coward, Lord of Bourbon († 1120) 
**********[[Archambaud VII of Bourbon|Archambaud VII]], Lord of Bourbon († 1171) 
***********[Bourbon Archambaud] († 1169) 
************[[Mathilde of Bourbon|Mathilde I<sup>re</sup>]], Lady of Bourbon († 1218) x [[Guy II of Dampierre]], Marshal of Champagne († 1216) 
*************| → see below
{{Tree list/end}}

== Second House of Bourbon (Bourbon-Dampierre) ==
{{main|House of Bourbon-Dampierre}}
Prince of Bourbon since 1196.
* [[Mathilde of Bourbon|Mathilde]] (Mahaut), Lady of Bourbon († 1218), granddaughter of Archambault VII, Lord of Bourbon, married [[Guy II of Dampierre|Guy II of Dampierre, Marshall of Champagne]] (†  1216)
** [[Archambaud VIII of Bourbon|Archambaud VIII the Great, Lord of Bourbon]] († 1242)
*** [[Archambaud IX of Bourbon|Archambaud IX the Young, Lord of Bourbon]] († 1249), married Yolande of Châtillon, Countess of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnerre
**** Mahaut II, Lady of Bourbon († 1262) married [[Odo, Count of Nevers|Eudes of Burgundy]] († 1266)
***** [[Capetian House of Burgundy]]
**** Agnès, Countess of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnerre († 1288) married [[John of Burgundy (1231–1268)|John of Burgundy]], Lord of Charolais († 1268)
***** [[Beatrice of Burgundy, Lady of Bourbon|Beatrix of Burgundy]] married [[Robert, Count of Clermont]]

== Third and current House of Bourbon ==

Princes and Dukes of Bourbon from 1327 to 1830.

<nowiki> |→ </nowiki>[[Beatrice of Burgundy, Lady of Bourbon]]
   x [[Robert, Count of Clermont|Robert de France (1256–1317)]], Count of Clermont (son of [[Louis IX of France]] (1215–1270) and of [[Marguerite de Provence]])
    ├─>[[Louis I, Duke of Bourbon|Louis]] (1280–1342), Duke of Bourbon
    │  X Marie d'Avesnes (1280–1354)
    │  │
    │  ├─>[[Peter I, Duke of Bourbon|Pierre]] (1311–1356), Duke of Bourbon
    │  │  X [[Isabella of Valois, Duchess of Bourbon|Isabella of Valois]] (1313–1383)
    │  │  │
    │  │  ├─>[[Joanna of Bourbon|Jeanne]] (1338–1378)
    │  │  │  x [[Charles V of France]]
    │  │  │
    │  │  ├─>[[Louis II, Duke of Bourbon|Louis II]] (1337–1410), Duke of Bourbon
    │  │  │  X [[Anne of Auvergne]] (1358–1417), Comtess de Forez
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  ├─>[[John I, Duke of Bourbon|Jean]] (1381–1434), Duke of Bourbon
    │  │  │  │  X [[Marie, Duchess of Auvergne]] (1367–1434)
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├─>[[Charles I, Duke of Bourbon|Charles]] (1401–1456), Duke de Bourbon
    │  │  │  │  │  X [[Agnes of Burgundy, Duchess of Bourbon]] (1407–1476)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>[[John II, Duke of Bourbon|Jean II]] (1426–1488), Duke de Bourbon 
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X 1) Jeanne de France (1430–1482)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Catherine d'Armagnac (+1487)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X 3) Jeanne de Bourbon-Vendôme (1465–1512)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├2>Jean (1487–1487), Comte de Clermont
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └3>Louis (1488–1488), Comte de Clermont
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>[[Mathieu de Bourbon|Mathieu]] (+1505), Prince de Bothéon en Forez ([[Château de Bouthéon|Bouthéon]])
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Hector, (+1502), Archbishop of Toulouse
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Pierre
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Marie (+1482) 
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jacques de Sainte-Colombe
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Marguerite (1445–1482)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean de Ferrieres (+1497)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
 '''<span id="BourbonsLavedan">Maison illégitime de [[Bourbon-Lavedan]]</span>''' 
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Charles (+1502), vicomte de Lavedan 
    │  │  │  │  │  │     X Louise du Lion, vicomtesse de Lavedan
    │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │     └─>''[[Bourbon-Lavedan|branche illégitime des Bourbon Lavedan]]''
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Marie (1428–1448) 
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X [[John II, Duke of Lorraine|Jean II, Duke of Lorraine]] (1425–1470)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Philippe, prince de Beaujeu (1430–1440)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>[[Charles II, Duke of Bourbon|Charles II]] (1434–1488), cardinal, archevêque de Lyon, duc de Bourbon
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Isabelle-Paris (+1497)
    │  │  │  │  │  │     X Gilbert de Chantelot
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Isabelle (1436–1465)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X [[Charles the Bold]] (+1477)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>[[Louis de Bourbon, Bishop of Liège|Louis]] (1438–1482), évêque de Liege
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X inconnue
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
 '''<span id="BourbonsBusset">Maison illégitime de [[Bourbon-Busset]]</span>''' 
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>i>Pierre de Bourbon (1464–1529), baron de Busset 
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Marguerite de Tourzel, dame de Busset (+1531) 
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>''branche illégitime des [[Bourbon-Busset]]''
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis (1465–1500)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Jacques (1466–1537)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>[[Peter II, Duke of Bourbon|Pierre II de Beaujeu]] (1438–1503), Duke of Bourbon 
    │  │  │  │  │  │  x [[Anne of France]] (1462–1522)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charles, Comte de Clermont (1476–1498)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>[[Suzanne, Duchess of Bourbon|Suzanne]] (1491–1521)
    │  │  │  │  │  │     x [[Charles III, Duke of Bourbon]] (1490–1527)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Catherine (1440–1469)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Adolphe de Gueldres (1438–1477)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jeanne (1442–1493)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean II de Chalon, Prince d'Orange (+1502)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Marguerite (1444–1483)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X [[Philip II, Duke of Savoy]] (1438–1497)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  └─>Jacques (1445–1468) 
    │  │  │  │  │  │
 '''<span id="BourbonsRoussillon1">Maison illégitime de [[Bourbon-Roussillon]]</span>'''
    │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Louis (+1487), comte de Roussillon-en-Dauphine et de Ligny 
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jeanne de France (+1519) 
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charles (+1510), comte de Roussillon et de Ligny
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Anne de La Tour (+1530) 
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Suzanne (1466–1531), comtesse de Roussillon et de Ligny
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean de Chabannes, comte de Dammartin
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Charles, seigneur de Boulainvilliers (+1529)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Anne
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean II, baron d'Arpajon
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Jean, abbé de Senilly 
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Renaud (+1483), archevêque de Narbonne 1483
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Charles (1461–1504), évêque de Clermont
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Suzanne
    │  │  │  │  │  │     X Louis de Coustaves, seigneur de Chazelles
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Pierre (+1490), prêtre, seigneur du Bois-d'Yoin-en-Lyonnais
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Antoinette
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Pierre Dyenne
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Catherine
    │  │  │  │  │  │     X Pierre Holiflant
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Jeanne
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean du Fay, seigneur de Bray-en-Touraine
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Charlotte
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Odilles de Senay
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Sidoine
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Rene, prince de Bus
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  └i>Catherine, abbesse de Sainte-Claire-d'Aigueperse
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis, comte de Forez (1403–1412)
    │  │  │  │  │
 '''<span id="BourbonsMontpensier1">Maison de [[Bourbon-Montpensier (comtes)]]</span>'''
    │  │  │  │  └─>[[Louis I, Count of Montpensier]]
    │  │  │  │  │  X 1) [[Jeanne I, dauphine d'Auvergne|Jeanne, dauphine d'Auvergne]] (+1436)
    │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Gabrielle de La Tour (+1486)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├2>[[Gilbert, Count of Montpensier|Gilbert]] (1443–1496), comte de Montpensier
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Claire Gonzaga (1464–1503)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>[[Louise de Bourbon, Duchess of Montpensier|Louise]] (1482–1561), duchesse de Montpensier, dauphine d'Auvergne
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X 1) Andre III de Chauvigny (+1503)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) [[Louis, Prince of La Roche-sur-Yon|Louis de Bourbon]], prince of la Roche-sur-Yon (1473–1520)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>[[Louis II, Count of Montpensier|Louis II]] (1483–1501), comte de Montpensier
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>[[Charles III, Duke of Bourbon]] (1490–1527), duc de Bourbon (1490–1527), le "connétable de Bourbon"
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X [[Suzanne, Duchess of Bourbon]] (1491–1521)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>François, comte de Clermont (1517–1518)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>deux jumeaux (1518–1518)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Catherine
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     X Bertrand Salmart, seigneur of Ressis
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>François (1492–1515), duc de Chatellerault
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Renée, dame de Mercœur (1494–1539)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X [[Antoine, Duke of Lorraine]] (1489–1544)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Anne (1495–1510)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├2>Jean (1445–1485)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├2>Gabrielle (1447–1516)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Louis de la Tremoille, prince de Talmond (+1525)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  └2>Charlotte (1449–1478)
    │  │  │  │  │     X Wolfart van Borsselen, comte de Grandpré (+1487)
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├i>Jean, comte de Velay, évêque de Puy-Rembert-en-Forez 1485
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├i>Alexandre, prêtre
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├i>Guy (+1442)
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├i>Marguerite
    │  │  │  │  │  X [[Rodrigo de Villandrando]], comte de Ribadeo
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  └i>Edmée
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  ├─>Louis, prince de Beaujolais (1388–1404)
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  ├─>Catherine (1378-jeune)
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  └─>Isabelle (1384-ap.1451)
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  ├i>Hector, prince de Dampierre-en-Champagne (1391–1414)
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  ├i>Perceval (1402–1415)
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  ├i>Pierre, chevalier
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  ├i>Jacques, moine
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  └i>Jean, prince de Tanry
    │  │  │
    │  │  ├─>Jeanne (1339 – Paris 1378)
    │  │  │  X [[Charles V of France]] (1337–1380)
    │  │  │
    │  │  ├─>[[Blanche of Bourbon|Blanche]] (1339–1361) 
    │  │  │  X [[Peter of Castile]]
    │  │  │
    │  │  ├─>Bonne (1341–1402)
    │  │  │  X [[Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy]] (+1383)
    │  │  │
    │  │  ├─>Catherine (1342–1427)
    │  │  │  X [[John VI, Count of Harcourt]] (+1388)
    │  │  │
    │  │  ├─>Marguerite ((1344)
    │  │  │  X [[Arnaud Amanieu d'Albret]] (1338–1401)
    │  │  │
    │  │  ├─>Isabelle (1345–)
    │  │  │
    │  │  └─>Marie (1347–1401), prieure de Poissy
    │  │
    │  ├─>Jeanne (1312–1402) 
    │  │  X [[Guigues VII de Forez]] (1299–1357)
    │  │
    │  ├─>Marguerite (1313–1362)
    │  │  X 1)Jean II de Sully (+1343)
    │  │  X 2)Hutin de Vermeilles
    │  │
    │  ├─>Marie (1315–1387)
    │  │  X 1) Guy de Lusignan (1315–1343)
    │  │  X 2) [[Robert de Tarente]] (+1364)
    │  │
    │  ├─>Philippe (1316–c.1233)
    │  │
    │  ├─>Jacques (1318–1318)
    │  │
 '''<span id="BourbonsMarche">Maison de [[Bourbon-La Marche]]</span>'''
    │  ├─>[[James I, Count of La Marche|Jacques]] (1319–1362), Count of la Marche and Count of Ponthieu
    │  │  X Jeanne de Chatillon, dame de Condé et Carency(1320–1371)
    │  │  │
    │  │  ├─>Isabelle (1340–1371) 
    │  │  │  X 1) Louis II de Brienne, vicomte de Beaumont (+1364)
    │  │  │  X [[Bouchard VII, Count of Vendôme]] (+1371)
    │  │  │
    │  │  ├─>Pierre de la Marche (1342–1362)
    │  │  │
    │  │  ├─>[[John I, Count of La Marche|Jean de Bourbon]] (1344–1393), [[Liste des comtes de Vendôme|comte de Vendôme]] et de la Marche 
    │  │  │  x [[Catherine of Vendôme]] (+1412)
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  ├─>[[James II, Count of La Marche|Jacques II]] (1370–1438), comte de La Marche
    │  │  │  │  x 1) [[Beatrice of Navarre, Countess of La Marche|Béatrice d'Évreux]]
    │  │  │  │  x 2) [[Joanna II of Naples]]
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├1>Isabelle (1408–c. 1445), nonne à Besançon
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├1>Marie (1410–c. 1445), nonne à Amiens
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  └1>[[Eléonore de Bourbon]] (1412–c.1464)
    │  │  │  │  │  x [[Bernard de Pardiac|Bernard d'Armagnac]] (+1462)
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  └i>Claude d'Aix, moine à Dole
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  ├─>Anne (+1408)
    │  │  │  │  X 1) [[John of Valois, Count of Montpensier|Jean II de Berry]] (+1401), comte de Montpensier
    │  │  │  │  X 2) Louis VII (+1447), duc de Bavière-Ingolstadt
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  ├─>Isabelle (1373–), nonne à Poissy
    │  │  │  │
 '''<span id="BourbonsVendome">Maison de [[Bourbon-Vendôme]]</span>'''
    │  │  │  ├─>[[Louis, Count of Vendôme|Louis de Bourbon]] (1376–1446), comte de Vendôme
    │  │  │  │  X 1) Blanche de Roucy (+1421)
    │  │  │  │  X 2) Jeanne de Laval (1406–1468) 
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├2>Catherine (1425–jeune)
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├2>Gabrielle (1426–jeune)
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  └2>[[John VIII, Count of Vendôme|Jean VIII de Bourbon]] (1428–1478), comte de Vendôme
    │  │  │  │  │  X Isabelle de Beauvau
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jeanne, dame de Rochefort (1460–1487)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Louis de Joyeuse, comte de Grandpre (+1498)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Catherine (1462–)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Gilbert de Chabannes, baron de Rochefort
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>[[Jeanne de Bourbon, Duchess of Bourbon|Jeanne]] (1465–1511)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X 1) [[John II, Duke of Bourbon|Jean II de Bourbon]] (+1488)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Jean de la Tour, comte d'Auvergne et de Boulogne (1467–1501)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X 3) François de la Pause, baron de la Garde
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Renée (1468–1534), abbess of [[Fontevraud Abbey|Fontevraud]]
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>'''[[Francis, Count of Vendôme|François de Bourbon]]''' (1470–1495), comte de Vendôme
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X [[Marie of Luxembourg, Countess of Vendôme|Marie of Luxembourg]] (+1546)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>'''[[Charles, Duke of Vendôme|Charles IV, Duke of Bourbon]]''' (1489–1537), duc de Vendôme
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  x [[Françoise d'Alençon]] (1491–1550)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis (1514–1516), comte de Marle
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Marie (1515–1538)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>'''[[Antoine of Navarre]]''' (1518–1562), duc de Vendôme
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  x [[Jeanne d'Albret|Jeanne III d'Albret]] (1529–1572), reine de Navarre
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Henri (1551–1553), duc de Beaumont
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
     '''<span id="BourbonsdeFrance">[[Kings of France]]</span>'''
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>'''[[Henri IV of France]]''' (1553–1610)/Henri III de Navarre
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>'''[[Bourbon dynasty]]'''
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis, comte de Marle (1555–1557)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Madeleine (1556–1556)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Catherine (1559–1604)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X [[Henry II de Lorraine]] (1563–1624)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├i>[[Charles III de Bourbon (archbishop of Rouen)|Charles]] (1554–1610), Archbishop of Rouen
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Jacquinne d'Artigulouve
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │     X N de Navailles
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Marguerite (1516–1589)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Francois I de Clèves, duc de Nevers (+1561)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Madeleine (1521–1561), abbesse
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>François, comte d'Enghien (1519–1546)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis (1522–1525)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>[[Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon (born 1523)|Charles]] (1523–1590), cardinal, Archbishop of Rouen
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Poullain
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Catherine, abbesse (1525–1594)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jean (1528–1557), comte de Soissons et d'Enghien, duc d'Estouteville
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Marie (1539–1601), duchesse d'Estouteville
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>N de Valency (+1562)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Renée, abbesse de Chelles (1527–1583)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
 '''<span id="BourbonsCondé">Maison de [[Bourbon-Condé]]</span>'''
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>[[Louis, Prince of Condé (1530–1569)|Louis]] (1530–1569), prince de Condé
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>''[[House of Condé]]''
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Eléonore, abbess of [[Fontevraud Abbey|Fontevraud]] (1532–1611)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Nicolas Charles 
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     X Jeanne de Bordeix et de Ramers
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Jacques
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Michel Charles
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Nicolas
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Christophe
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Marguerite
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     └─>Jeanne
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jacques (1490–1491)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>François I (1491–1545), comte de Saint-Pol, duc d'Estouteville
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Adrienne, duchesse d'Estouteville (1512–1560)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>François II (1536–1546), duc d'Estouteville
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Marie, duchesse d'Estouteville, (1539–1601)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     X 1) Jean de Bourbon, comte de Soissons
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     X 2) François de Clèves, duc de Nevers (+1562)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     X 3) Léonor, duc de Longueville (1540–1573)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis (1493–1557), cardinal, archevêque de Sens
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Antoinette (1493–1583)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X [[Claude, Duke of Guise]] (1496–1550)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Louise (1495–1575), abbess of [[Fontevraud Abbey|Fontevraud]]
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Jacques (1495–)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
 '''<span id="BourbonsMontpensier2">Maison de [[Bourbon-Montpensier (ducs)]]</span>'''
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>[[Louis de La Roche-sur-Yon|Louis]] (1473–1520), prince of La Roche-sur-Yon
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X [[Louise de Montpensier]] (1482–1561)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Suzanne (1508–1570)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  Claude de Rieux, comte d'Harcourt et d'Aumale (+1532)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>[[Louis, Duke of Montpensier|Louis]] (1513–1582), Duke of Montpensier
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X 1) Jacqueline de Longwy (+1561)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Catherine de Lorraine (1552–1596)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├1>Françoise (1539–1587)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X [[Henri-Robert de La Marck]], duke of Bouillon, prince of Sedan (+1574)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├1>Anne (1540–1572)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X François de Clèves, duc de Nevers (+1562)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jeanne (1541–1620), abbesse de Jouarre
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├1>[[François, Duke of Montpensier|François]] (1542–1592), duc de Montpensier
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Renée (1550–1590), marquise de Mezieres
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>[[Henri, Duke of Montpensier|Henri]] (1573–1608), duc de Montpensier
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │     X Henriette-Catherine (1585–1656), duchesse de Joyeuse
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │     └─>[[Marie de Bourbon, Duchess of Montpensier|Marie]] (1605–1627), Duchess of Montpensier
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │        x [[Gaston, Duke of Orléans|Gaston de France]]
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charlotte (1547–1582)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Guillaume de Orange-Nassau (+1584)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Louise (1548–1586), abbesse de Faremoutier
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Charles (1515–1565), prince de la Roche sur Yon
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Philippe de Montespedon, dame de Beaupreau (+1578)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Henri, marquis de Beaupreau (154?–1560)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Jeanne (1547–1548)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Louis dit Helvis, évêque de Langres (+1565)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charlotte (1474–1520)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Engelbert de Clèves, comte de Nevers (+1506)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  └─>Isabelle (1475–1531), abbesse
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├i>Jacques de Vendôme (1455–1524), baron de Ligny
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jeanne, dame de Rubempré 
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Claude de Bourbon-Vendôme (1514–1595)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Antoinette de Bours, vicomtesse de Lambercourt (+1585)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Antoine (+1594), vicomte de Lambercourt
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Claude (+1620), vicomtesse de Lambercourt
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean, seigneur de Rambures
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Anne
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Claude de Crequi, seigneur d'Hemond
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └i>Jacques (+1632), seigneur de Ligny et de Courcelles
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     X 1) Marie de Bommy
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     X 2) Louise de Gouy
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>François Claude (+1658)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │  X Louise de Belleval
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>François, seigneur de Bretencourt
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │  X Jacqueline Tillette d'Achery
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │  ├─>une fille mariée à un seigneur des Lyons
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │  └─>une fille mariée à un Fortel des Essarts
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Charles, seigneur de Brétencourt
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Marguerite
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │  X 1) Jacques de Monchy, seigneur d'Amerval (+1640)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │  X 2) Antoine de Postel, seigneur de la Grange
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     ├─>Marie Gabrielle (+1629)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │     └─>Antoinette
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │        X Alexandre de Touzin
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>André, seigneur de Rubempré
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X 1) Anne de Busserade
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Anne de Roncherolles
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jean (+jeune)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charles, seigneur de Rubempré (+1595)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Louis, seigneur de Rubempré (1574–1598)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Marguerite, dame de Rubempré
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean de Monchy, seigneur de Montcavrel
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Madeleine
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean, seigneur de Gonnelieu
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jeanne Marie, abbesse
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Marguerite, nonne
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jean (+1571), abbé de Cuisey
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jacques, moine
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Catherine (+1530)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │  X Jean d'Estrées, seigneur de Cœuvres
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Jeanne, abbesse
    │  │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  │  └─>Madeleine (+ 1588), abbesse
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  └i>Louis de Vendôme (+1510), évêque d'Avranches
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  └i>Jean de Vendôme, seigneur de Preaux (1420–1496)
    │  │  │  │     X 1) Jeanne d'Illiers
    │  │  │  │     X 2) Gillette Perdrielle
    │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │     ├─>Jean, prêtre
    │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │     ├─>François (+1540), prêtre
    │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │     ├─>Jacques
    │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │     ├─>Mathurine
    │  │  │  │     │  X Pierre de Montigny, seigneur de la Boisse
    │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │     ├─>Louise
    │  │  │  │     │  X Jean, seigneur des Loges
    │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │     └─>Marie
    │  │  │  │        X 1) seigneur de La Velette en Limousin
    │  │  │  │        X 2) Jacques de Gaudebert, seigneur des Forges
    │  │  │  │
 '''<span id="BourbonsCarency">Maison de [[Bourbon-Carency]]</span>'''
    │  │  │  ├─>Jean (1378–1457), seigneur de Carency
    │  │  │  │  X 1) Catherine d'Artois (1397–1420)
    │  │  │  │  X 2) Jeanne de Vendomois
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├2>Louis(1417–1457)
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├2>Jean (1418–)
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├2>Jeanne (1419–)
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├2>Catherine (1421–)
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├2>Pierre (1424–1481), seigneur de Carency
    │  │  │  │  │  X Philipotte de Plaines
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├2>Jacques (1425–1494), seigneur de Carency
    │  │  │  │  │  X Antoinette de la Tour (+1450)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├─>Charles, prince de Carency (1444–1504)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X 1) Didere de Vergy
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X 2) Antoinette de Chabannes (+1490)
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X 3) Catherine de Tourzel 
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├3>Bertrand, prince de Carency (1494–1515)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├3>Jean (1500–1520), prince de Carency
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  ├3>Louise, princesse de Carency
    │  │  │  │  │  │  X François de Perusse des Cars (+1550)
    │  │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  │  └3>Jean (1446–), seigneur de Rochefort
    │  │  │  │  │     X Jeanne de Lille
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├2>Eleonore (1426–)
    │  │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  │  ├2>Andriette (1427–)
    │  │  │  │  │
 '''<span id="BourbonsDuisan">Maison de [[Bourbon-Duisant]]</span>''' 
    │  │  │  │  └2>Philippe, seigneur de Duisant (1429–1492)
    │  │  │  │     X Catherine de Lalaing (+1475)
    │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │     ├─>Antoine, seigneur de Duisant
    │  │  │  │     │  X Jeanne de Habart
    │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │     ├─>Pierre
    │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │     ├─>Philippe II, seigneur de Duisant (+1530)
    │  │  │  │     │
    │  │  │  │     └─>Jeanne de Bourbon Duisant
    │  │  │  │        X François Rolin, seigneur d'Aymerie
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  ├─>Marie, dame de Bréthencourt ((1386)
    │  │  │  │  X Jean de Baynes, seigneur des Croix
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  └─>[[Charlotte of Bourbon, Queen of Cyprus|Charlotte]] (1388–1422)
    │  │  │  │  X [[Janus of Cyprus]] (1378–1432)
    │  │  │  │
    │  │  │  └i>Jean, batard de la Marche–1435
    │  │  │
 '''<span id="BourbonsPreaux">Maison de [[Bourbon-Preaux]]</span>'''
    │  │  └─>Jacques, seigneur de Preaux (1346–1417)
    │  │     X Marguerite de Preaux (+1417)
    │  │     │
    │  │     ├─>Louis, seigneur de Preaux (1389–1415)
    │  │     │
    │  │     ├─>Pierre, seigneur de Preaux (1390–1422)
    │  │     │Elizabeth de Montagu (1397–1429) 
    │  │     │
    │  │     ├─>Jacques II, seigneur de Preaux, baron de Thury (1391–1429)
    │  │     │  X Jeanne de Montagu
    │  │     │
    │  │     ├─>Charles, seigneur de Combles
    │  │     │
    │  │     ├─>Jean (1394–)
    │  │     │
    │  │     └─>Marie, dame de Preaux (1387–1442)
    │  │
    │  └─>Béatrice (1320–1383)
    │  │  X 1) [[John of Bohemia|Jean de Luxembourg]] (+1346), king of Bohemia
    │  │  X 2) Eudes II de Grancey (+1389)
    │  │
    │  ├i>Jean, batard de Bourbon (+1375)
    │  │  X 2) Laure de Bordeaux
    │  │  X 3) Agnes de Chaleu
    │  │  │
    │  │  └─>Gérard de Bourbon
    │  │
    │  ├i>Jeannette
    │  │  X Guichard de Chastellux
    │  │
    │  └i>Guy de Bourbon, seigneur de Cluys
    │     X 2) Jeanne de Chastel-Perron
    │     │
    │     └─>Gérard de Bourbon, seigneur de Clessy
    │        X 1) Jeanne de Chastillon
    │        X 2) Alix de Bourbon-Montperoux
    │        │
    │        └─>Isabelle, Dame de Clessy
    │           X 1) Bernard de Montaigu-Listenois
    │           X 2) Guillaume de Mello, seigneur d'Epoisses
    │
    ├─>Blanche (1281–1304) 
    │  X [[Robert VII, Count of Auvergne]] (+1325)
    │
    ├─>Jean (1283–1316), baron de Charolais 
    │  X Jeanne d'Argies
    │  │
    │  ├─>Béatrice (1310–1364), dame de Charolais 
    │  │  X [[John I, Count of Armagnac|Jean d'Armagnac]] (+1373)
    │  │
    │  └─>Jeanne (1312–1383) 
    │     X [[John I, Count of Auvergne]] (+1386)
    │
    ├─>Pierre (1287–c.1330) prêtre
    │
    ├─>Marie(1285–1372), prieure de Poissy
    │
    └─>Marguerite (1289–1309)
       X Jean (1267–1330), margrave of Namur

==Family trees==
{{see also|Family tree of French monarchs|Family tree of Spanish monarchs}}
Simplified family trees showing the relationships between the Bourbons and the other branches of the Royal House of France.

{{:Bourbon family tree}}

==See also==
* [[Armorial of the Capetian dynasty]]
* [[:Category:House of Bourbon|Members of the House of Bourbon]]
* [[Bourbon County, Kentucky]], USA, named after the royal family
* [[Bourbonnais]]
* [[Bourbons of India]]
* [[:File:Habsburg-bourbon-parma-2siciliesX.png]]: A chart of the dynastic links among the royal houses of Habsburg, Bourbon, Bourbon-Parma and Bourbon-Two Sicilies
* [[Le Retour des Princes français à Paris]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
*{{cite book |title=The French Wars of Religion, 1562–1629 |first=Mack P. |last=Holt |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1995 }}
*{{cite book |title=The French Civil Wars, 1562–1598 |first=R. J. |last=Knecht |publisher=Routledge |year=2014 }}
*{{cite book |title=Louis XIV |first=Anthony |last=Levi |publisher=Constable |year=2004 }}

==Further reading==
{{EB1911 poster|Bourbon}}
* Bergamini, John D. ''The Spanish Bourbons: The History of a Tenacious Dynasty''. Putnam, 1974.
* {{cite Q|Q107259069 }}<!-- Bourbons -->
* Ogg, David. ''Europe in the Seventeenth Century'' (6th ed. 1965). pp 227–280
* Petrie, Sir Charles. ''The Spanish Royal House''. Geoffrey Bles, 1958.
* Seward, Desmond. ''The Bourbon Kings of France''. Barnes & Noble, 1976.
* [[Shennan, J. H.]]  ''The Bourbons: The History of a Dynasty'' (London, Hambledon Continuum, 2007).
* Treasure, G.R.R. ''Seventeenth Century France'' (2nd ed. 1981), a leading scholarly survey
* Treasure, G.R.R. ''Louis XIV'' (2001) short scholarly biography; [https://books.google.com/books?id=xnt0DwAAQBAJ&dq=Treasure,+G.R.R.+%27%27Louis+XIV%27&pg=PT8 excerpt]
*Wolf, John B. ''Louis XIV'' (1968), a long scholarly biography [https://www.questia.com/read/103250721 online edition] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420041053/https://www.questia.com/read/103250721 |date=20 April 2012 }}

===Other languages===
* Van Kerrebrouck, Patrick. ''La Maison de Bourbon, 1256–1987''. ___v. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France: The Author, 1987–2000. [only Vol. 2 & Vol. 4 have been published as of 2005].
* Klaus Malettke, ''Die Bourbonen. Band I: Von Heinrich IV. bis Ludwig XV. 1589–1715'' (Stuttgart, [[Kohlhammer Verlag]], 2008); ''Band II: Von Ludwig XV. bis Ludwig XVI. 1715–1789/92'' (Stuttgart, W. Kohlhammer, 2008); ''Band III: Von Ludwig XVIII. bis zu Louis Philippe 1814–1848'' (Stuttgart, W. Kohlhammer, 2009).

==External links==
{{Commons category|Capetian House of Bourbon}}
* [https://www.legitimite.fr/ Légitimité – Official website of the Duke of Anjou] 
* [http://www.casareal.es/EN/Paginas/home.aspx official website of the Spanish branch of the house]
* {{cite web |last=Marek |first=Miroslav |url=http://genealogy.euweb.cz/capet/capet37.html |title= Jean Philippe, a courtier of the khan, 1525 |publisher= Genealogy.EU}}

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{{House of Bourbon (France)}}
{{House of Bourbon (Spain)}}
{{Royal houses of Navarre}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bourbon, House Of}}
[[Category:House of Bourbon| ]]
[[Category:Capetian dynasty|House of Bourbon]]
[[Category:Ancien Régime|House of Bourbon]]
[[Category:French noble families]]
[[Category:Spanish royalty]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic families]]
[[Category:1272 establishments in Europe|House of Bourbon]]
[[Category:1270s establishments in France|House of Bourbon]]
[[Category:Ruling families of the County of Flanders]]
[[Category:Royal houses of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany]]
[[Category:Ruling families of the Duchy of Brabant]]
[[Category:Aragonese royal houses]]
[[Category:Navarrese royal houses]]

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