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{{short description|C-class light cruiser of the British Royal Navy}}
{{other ships|HMS Coventry}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2014}}
{{Use British English|date=January 2014}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=HMS Coventry (1918).jpg
|Ship caption=
}}
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship country=United Kingdom
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|United Kingdom|naval}}
|Ship class=[[C class cruiser|C-class]] [[light cruiser]]
|Ship name=HMS ''Coventry''
|Ship ordered=
|Ship awarded=
|Ship builder=[[Swan Hunter and Wigham Richardson]], Wallsend-on-Tyne
|Ship laid down=4 August 1916
|Ship launched=6 July 1917
|Ship christened=
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=21 February 1918
|Ship recommissioned=
|Ship decommissioned=
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship renamed=
|Ship reclassified=Converted to [[anti-aircraft]] cruiser before the [[Second World War]]
|Ship refit=
|Ship captured=
|Ship struck=
|Ship reinstated=
|Ship fate=Damaged and scuttled 14 September 1942
|Ship homeport=
|Ship badge=[[File:HMS Coventry boat's badge.jpg|60px]]
|Ship identification=[[Pennant number]]: 4C (Jan 18);<ref>{{cite book |last1=Colledge |first1=J J |title=British Warships 1914–1919 |date=1972 |publisher=Ian Allan |location=Shepperton |page=49}}</ref> 61 (Apr 18);
43 (Nov 19); I.43 (1936); D.43 (1940)
<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Dodson |first1=Aidan |title=The Development of the British Royal Navy’s Pennant Numbers Between 1919 and 1940 |journal=Warship International |date=2024 |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=134–66}}</ref>

}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class={{sclass2|C|cruiser|0}} [[light cruiser]]
|Ship displacement=4,190 tons
|Ship length={{convert|450|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|43.6|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship draught={{convert|14|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion=*Two Brown-Curtis geared turbines
* Six Yarrow boilers
* Two propellers
* 40,000 shp
|Ship speed={{convert|29|kn|km/h|0}}
|Ship range=carried 300 tons (950 tons maximum) of fuel oil
|Ship endurance=
|Ship test depth=
|Ship boats=
|Ship capacity=
|Ship complement=327
|Ship time to activate=
|Ship sensors=
|Ship EW=
|Ship armament=
* (as built):
* 5 × [[BL 6 inch Mk XII naval gun|{{convert|6|in|adj=on|0}}]] (152 mm) guns
* 2 × [[QF 3 inch 20 cwt|{{convert|3|in|mm|adj=on|0}}]] (76 mm) guns
* 2 × [[QF 2-pounder naval gun|2-pounder]] (40 mm) guns
* 8 × [[British 21 inch torpedo|{{convert|21|in|mm|0|adj=on}}]] [[torpedo tube]]s
* (At outbreak of World War 2):
* 10 × [[QF 4 inch Mk V naval gun|{{convert|4|in|adj=on|0}}]] (102 mm) guns on high-angle mounts
* 1 × octuple [[QF 2 pounder naval gun|QF 2-pdr ({{cvt|40|mm|in|order=flip|1}})]] AA guns
* 8 × 12.7mm machine guns on two quad mounts
|Ship armour=*3 inch side (amidships)
* 2¼-1½ inch side (bows)
* 2 inch side (stern)
* 1 inch upper decks (amidships)
* 1 inch deck over rudder
|Ship armor=
|Ship aircraft=
|Ship motto=
|Ship nickname=
|Ship honours=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}

'''HMS ''Coventry''''' was a [[C class cruiser|C-class]] [[light cruiser]] of the [[Royal Navy]], named after the [[England|English]] city of [[Coventry]].  She was part of the ''Ceres'' group of the C-class of cruisers.

==Early career and wartime service==

''Coventry'' was initially going to be called HMS ''Corsair''. She was laid down on 4 August 1916, launched 6 July 1917 and completed for naval service in February 1918.  HMS ''Coventry'' was in the 5th Light Cruiser squadron from February 1918 till May 1919, and served in the [[Baltic Sea|Baltic]] in this time. Commissioned with the pennant (D43) in May 1919 she was accepted into the Atlantic fleet, until in 1920 when HMS ''Coventry'' became the HQ ship for naval Inter allied Disarmament Commission. She went into refit in late 1920 and once the refit was completed she joined the 2nd Light cruiser squadron and she became flagship to the Rear-Admiral [D], Mediterranean Fleet [[Andrew Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope|Andrew Cunningham]]. A [[torpedo]] [[explosion]] while in [[Gibraltar]] in March 1923 caused the death of two of her crew, Chief Stoker Burt and ERA Jackson.

In 1935, ''Coventry'' went into Portsmouth Dockyard to be refitted as an anti-aircraft cruiser. This refit involved the removal of her 6-inch guns and torpedo tubes, and the fitting of 10 QF 4-inch Mk V guns on single high-angle mountings and 2 octuple-mounted [[QF 2-pounder naval gun|2-pounder]] 'pom-pom' guns. The after one of these was replaced in 1936/7 by two quadruple Mark I mounts for the [[Vickers .50 machine gun|0.5&nbsp;inch (12.7&nbsp;mm) Vickers Mark III]] [[machine gun]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Whitley |first1=M. J. |title=Cruisers of World War Two |publisher=Arms and Armour Press |isbn=1-86019-8740 |page=68}}</ref> At the outbreak of [[World War II]] HMS ''Coventry'' was serving with the Home Fleet between 1939 and 1940, and was damaged on 1 January 1940 in a German air attack on the [[Shetland Islands]], north of [[Scotland]].  She was assigned to the Mediterranean fleet in 1940, and was torpedoed and damaged by the [[Italian submarine Neghelli|Italian submarine ''Neghelli'']] in the eastern Mediterranean.  ''Coventry'' also participated in the [[Battle of Cape Spartivento]].<ref>A Sailor's Odyssey, the Autobiography of R/A Cunningham.</ref>

==The Victoria Cross==

On 18 May 1941 the first [[Victoria Cross]] of the [[Mediterranean theatre of World War II|Mediterranean campaign]] was awarded posthumously to Petty Officer [[Alfred Edward Sephton]] for "great courage and endurance" while on HMS ''Coventry'' as she was being attacked on 17 May 1941 by German Stuka dive bombers while off [[Crete]]. The ''Coventry'' had gone to the assistance of hospital ship ''Aba'',<ref name="clydemaritime">{{cite web |title=Aba 1918 HMHS - Hospital Ship |url=http://forums.clydemaritime.co.uk/viewtopic.php?t=19325 |website=clydemaritime.co.u |access-date=13 April 2019 |archive-date=27 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191227144948/http://forums.clydemaritime.co.uk/viewtopic.php?t=19325 |url-status=dead }}</ref> which was being attacked by German dive-bombers. When the enemy engaged ''Coventry'', raking her with machine-gun fire, Petty Officer Sephton was mortally wounded, a bullet actually passing through his body and injuring an able seaman beside him. Although in great pain and partially blinded, he stuck to his instruments and carried out his duties until the attack was over. He died of his injuries next day.  Petty Officer Sephton was buried at sea. His VC was on display at [[Coventry Cathedral]] but was stolen on 25 September 1990.

==Loss==

HMS ''Coventry''  was heavily damaged in the Eastern Mediterranean, northwest of [[Alexandria]], [[Egypt]], by 16 German [[Junkers Ju 88]]s of I./[[Lehrgeschwader 1]] under the command of [[Joachim Helbig]], whilst participating in [[Operation Agreement]]. 8./[[StG 3]] also took part in the attack. The ship was on fire and had to be scuttled by {{HMS|Zulu|F18|6}}.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
[[File:Rescue of the Hospital Ship Aba by HMS Coventry CW RCM TRURI 1954 43.jpg|thumb|Rescue of the Hospital Ship ''Aba'' by the ''Coventry'', painting by [[Charles Pears]]]]Chadwick, Frank (1999) ‘Gash Boat  HMS Coventry 1939-1942’

Western Isles Publishing Company Ltd  Stornoway.  ISBN 0 906437 16 4
* {{Cite Colledge2006}}
*{{cite book |last1=Dunn |first1=Steve R. |title=The Harwich Striking Force: The Royal Navy's Front Line in the North Sea, 1914-1918 |date=2022 |publisher=Seaforth Publishing |location=Barnsley, UK |isbn=978-1-3990-1596-7}}
* {{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|title=British Cruisers: Two World Wars and After|year=2010|publisher=Seaforth Publishing|location=Barnsley, UK|isbn=978-1-59114-078-8 |author-link=Norman Friedman}}
* {{cite book|last=Lenton|first=H. T.|title=British & Empire Warships of the Second World War|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=1998|isbn=1-55750-048-7|author-link=Henry Trevor Lenton}}
* {{cite book|editor1-last=Gray|editor1-first=Randal|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921 |year=1985 |location=Annapolis, Maryland|publisher=Naval Institute Press |isbn=0-85177-245-5 |name-list-style=amp |chapter=Great Britain and Empire Forces|first1=Antony|last1=Preston|author-link=Antony Preston|pages=1–104}}
* {{cite book|last1=Raven|first1=Alan|last2=Roberts|first2=John|title=British Cruisers of World War Two|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=1980|isbn=0-87021-922-7|name-list-style=amp}}
* {{cite book|last=Rohwer|first=Jürgen|title=Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|year=2005|edition=Third Revised|isbn=1-59114-119-2 |author-link=Jürgen Rohwer}}
* {{cite book|last=Whitley|first=M. J.|title=Cruisers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia|publisher=Cassell |location=London|year=1995|isbn=1-86019-874-0|author-link=Michael J. Whitley}}

==External links==
* [http://www.naval-art.com/hms_coventry.htm A naval art history website.]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070301235449/http://www.sportesport.it/wrecksEG019.htm Information on the wreck]
* [http://www.worldwar1.co.uk/lightcru.htm List of cruisers of wwi]
* [http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/80025305 IWM Interview with survivor George Woodley]

{{C class cruiser}}
{{September 1942 shipwrecks}}
{{coord|32|48|N|28|17|E|source:kolossus-ukwiki|display=title}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Coventry (1916)}}
[[Category:C-class cruisers]]
[[Category:Ships built on the River Tyne]]
[[Category:1917 ships]]
[[Category:World War II cruisers of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Cruisers sunk by aircraft]]
[[Category:World War II shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in September 1942]]
[[Category:Ships built by Swan Hunter]]
[[Category:Ships sunk by German aircraft]]
[[Category:Scuttled vessels]]

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