Micropterigoidea is the superfamily of "mandibulate archaic moths", all placed in the single family Micropterigidae, containing currently about twenty living genera. They are considered the most primitive extant lineage of lepidoptera (Kristensen, 1999), and the sole superfamily in the suborder Zeugloptera. The name comes from the Greek for mikros, little and pterux, a wing.[2] Unique among the Lepidoptera, these moths have chewing mouthparts rather than a proboscis, and are seen feeding, often in large aggregations, on the pollen of the flowers of many herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees.[3][4] The fossil record of the group goes back to the middle-late Jurassic with the earliest known species being Auliepterix from the Karabastau Formation in Kazakhstan.
| Micropterigidae Temporal range:
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| Micropterix aureoviridella (Höfner, 1898) | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Suborder: | Zeugloptera Chapman, 1917[1] |
| Superfamily: | Micropterigoidea Herrich-Schäffer, 1855 |
| Family: | Micropterigidae Herrich-Schäffer, 1855 |
| Genera | |
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See text | |
| Diversity | |
| About 180 species | |
Genera
edit- Micropterix Hübner, 1825
- Epimartyria Walsingham, 1898
- Issikiomartyria Hashimoto, 2006
- Kurokopteryx Hashimoto, 2006
- Neomicropteryx Issiki, 1931
- Palaeomicroides Issiki, 1931
- Paramartyria Issiki, 1931
- Vietomartyria Mey, 1997
- Sabatinca Walker, 1863
- Agrionympha Meyrick, 1921
- Hypomartyria Kristensen & Nielsen 1982
- Squamicornia Kristensen & Nielsen, 1982
- Austromartyria Gibbs, 2010
- Tasmantrix Gibbs, 2010
- Zealandopterix Gibbs, 2010
- Aureopterix Gibbs, 2010
- Nannopterix Gibbs, 2010
Extinct genera
edit- † Archmosaicus Zhang, Deng et Ren, 2020 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian
- † Auliepterix Kozlov, 1989 Karabastau Formation, Kazakhstan, Callovian/Oxfordian Hotont Formation, Mongolia, Aptian
- † Baltimartyria Skalski, 1995 Baltic amber, Eocene
- † Electrocrania Kuznetsov 1941 Baltic amber, Eocene
- † Moleropterix Engel & Kinzelbach, 2008 Fur Formation, Denmark, Ypresian
- † Palaeosabatinca Kozlov, 1989 Zaza Formation, Russia, Aptian
- † Parasabatinca Whalley, 1978 Lebanese amber, Barremian, Crato Formation, Brazil, Aptian
- † Terncladus Han, Zhang and Ren, 2024 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cretaceous[5]
References
edit- ^ van Nieukerken et al (2011) Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. (Ed.) Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness, Zootaxa 3148, 212-221
- ^ Smith, Frank. "Microlepidoptera (Micro-Moths)". Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Federation for Biological Recorders. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
- ^ Sterling, Phil; Parsons, Mark; Lewington, Richard (2012). Field Guide to the Micromoths of Great Britain and Ireland. Milton-on-Stour: British Wildlife Publishing. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-9564902-1-6.
- ^ Heath, John (1983). Micropterigidae. In The Moths and Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland. Volume 1. Colchester: Harley Books. p. 151. ISBN 0-946589-15-1.
- ^ Han, Ning; Zhang, Weiting; Fang, Hui; Wang, Jiajia; Shih, Chungkun; Ren, Dong (1 August 2024). "Geometric morphometric analyses of Micropterigidae lineages (Lepidoptera) with two new species from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar". Cretaceous Research. 160: 105897. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2024.105897. ISSN 0195-6671.
- Kristensen, N. P., and E. S. Nielsen. 1979. A new subfamily of micropterigid moths from South America. A contribution to the morphology and phylogeny of the Micropterigidae, with a generic catalogue of the family (Lepidoptera: Zeugloptera). Steenstrupia 5(7):69–147.
- Kristensen, N. P. (1999). The non-Glossatan Moths. Ch. 4, pp. 41–49 in Kristensen, N. P. (Ed.). Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies. Volume 1: Evolution, Systematics, and Biogeography. Handbuch der Zoologie. Eine Naturgeschichte der Stämme des Tierreiches / Handbook of Zoology. A Natural History of the phyla of the Animal Kingdom. Band / Volume IV Arthropoda: Insecta Teilband / Part 35: 491 pp. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York.
Sources
edit- O'Toole, Christopher. 2002. Firefly Encyclopedia of Insects and Spiders. ISBN 1-55297-612-2.
External links
editWikimedia Commons has media related to Micropterigidae.
- Tree of Life
- Microleps U.S.A. Nearctic
- Watson, L., and Dallwitz, M.J. 2003 onwards. British insects: the families of Lepidoptera. Version: 29 December 2011 Detailed description and figures including wing venation.