The Monte Carlo Rally or Rallye Monte Carlo (officially Rallye Automobile de Monte-Carlo) is a rallying event organised each year by the Automobile Club de Monaco which also organises the Formula One Monaco Grand Prix and the Rallye Monte-Carlo Historique. The rally now takes place along the French Riviera in the Principality of Monaco and southeast France. Previously, competitors would set off from all four corners of Europe and 'rally', in other words, meet, in Monaco to celebrate the end of a unique event. From its inception in 1911 by Prince Albert I it was an important means of demonstrating improvements and innovations to automobiles.
Monte Carlo Rally | |
---|---|
Status | active |
Genre | motorsporting event |
Frequency | annual |
Location(s) | Europe,France and Monaco |
Inaugurated | 1911 |
History
1911 beginnings and controversy
In 1909 the Automobile Club de Monaco (Sport Automobile Velocipédique Monégasque) started planning a car rally at the behest of Albert I, Prince of Monaco. The Monte Carlo Rally was to start at points all over Europe and converge on Monte Carlo. In January 1911 23 cars set out from 11 different locations and Henri Rougier was among the nine who left Paris to cover a 1,020 kilometres (634 mi) route. The event was won by Rougier in a Turcat-Méry 25 Hp. The rally comprised both driving and then somewhat arbitrary judging based on the elegance of the car, passenger comfort and the condition in which it arrived in the principality. The outcry of scandal when the results were published changed nothing, so Rougier was proclaimed the first winner.[1][2]
1966 controversy
The 1966 event was the most controversial in the history of the Rally. The first four finishers, driving three Mini-Coopers, Timo Mäkinen, Rauno Aaltonen and Paddy Hopkirk, and Roger Clark's 4th-placed Ford Cortina were all disqualified because they used non-dipping single filament quartz iodine bulbs in their headlamps, in place of the standard double filament dipping glass bulbs, which are fitted to the series production version of each models sold to the public.[3] This elevated Pauli Toivonen (Citroën ID) into first place overall. Rosemary Smith (Hillman Imp) was also disqualified from sixth place, after winning the Coupe des Dames, the ladies' class. In all, ten cars were disqualified.[4] Teams threatened to boycott the event.[5] The headline in Motor Sport read "The Monte Carlo Fiasco."[6]
Recent history
From 1973 to 2008 the rally was held in January as the first event of the FIA World Rally Championship, but between 2009 to 2011 it has been the opening round of the Intercontinental Rally Challenge (IRC) programme, a championship for N/A 4WD cars, before returning to the WRC championship season again in 2012. As recently as 1991, competitors were able to choose their starting points from approximately five venues roughly equidistant from Monte Carlo (one of Monaco's administrative areas) itself.
With often varying conditions at each starting point (typically comprising dry tarmac, wet tarmac, snow, and ice, sometimes all in a single stage of the rally), this event places a big emphasis on tyre choices, as a driver has to balance the need for grip on ice and snow with the need for grip on dry tarmac. For the driver, this is often a difficult choice as the tyres that work well on snow and ice normally perform badly on dry tarmac.
The Automobile Club de Monaco confirmed on 19 July 2010 that the 79th Monte-Carlo Rally would form the opening round of the new Intercontinental Rally Challenge season.[7] To mark the centenary event, the Automobile Club de Monaco has also confirmed that Glasgow, Barcelona, Warsaw and Marrakesh have been selected as start points for the rally.
Col de Turini
This rally features one of the most famous special stages in the world. The stage is run from La Bollène-Vésubie to Sospel, or the other way around, over a steep and tight mountain road with many hairpin turns. On this 31km route it passes over the Col de Turini, a mountain pass road which normally has ice and/or snow on sections of it at that time of the year. Spectators also throw snow on the road—in 2005, Marcus Grönholm and Petter Solberg both ripped a wheel off their cars when they skidded on snow probably placed there by spectators,[citation needed] and crashed into a wall. Grönholm went on to finish fifth, but Solberg was forced to retire as the damage to his car was extensive. In the same event, Sébastien Loeb set one of the fastest times in the modern era, with 21 minutes 40 seconds.
Sospel has an elevation of 479m, and the D70 has a maximum elevation of 1603m, for an average gradient of 6.7%. The Turini is also driven at night, with thousands of fans watching the "Night of Turini", also known as the "Night of the Long Knives" due to the strong high beam lights cutting through the night.[8][9] In the 2007 edition of the rally, the Turini was not used, but it returned for the 2008 route.[10] For both the 2009 and 2010 event the stage was run at night and shown live on Eurosport.
Past winners
(list by driver / co-driver and vehicle type)
1911–1972
Year | Winner (Drivers, Country, Car & Type, Participants #, License plate, Place of departure) | Second | Third |
---|---|---|---|
1911 | Henri Rougier (F) (Turcat-Mery 25HP Double coupe) #1 793 WI Paris | de Aspiazu (Gobron 40HP) Paris | Julius Beutler (Martini 28/35 HP) Berlin |
1912 | Julius Beutler (D) (Berliet 16CV) #69 IA 5135 Berlin | Von Esmarch (D) (Dürkopp 12,64 HP) #26 | Paul Meunier (F) (Delaunay-Belleville 40 CV) #9 |
1913–23 | |||
1924 | Jacques Edouard Ledure & Madame Ledure (B) (Bignan 11CV conduite interieure) #62 Glasgow | M.G. Marquet (Métallurgique 2 litres conduite interieure Vandenplas) #64 Amsterdam | Barbillon (Bignan) #77 |
1925 | François & Madame Repusseau (Renault 40CV Conduite Interieure) #4 Tunis | Madame Mertens (Lancia Lambda) #42 5829 GB | Lt. Lamarche (FN) 1460cc #21 |
1926 | Victor A. Bruce / William J Brunell (UK)(Autocarrier AC Six twoseater) #12 PE7799 John O’Groats | Pierre Bussienne (Sizaire Frères) #35 | Madame ‘’Marika’’ (Citroën B2/B10) #36 |
1927 | Marcel Lefebvre-Despeaux (Amilcar CGSS Sedan)[11] #29 Koenigsberg | Pierre Clause (Celtic-Bignan) #19 Koenigsberg | Pierre Bussienne (Sizaire-Frères) #32 Koenigsberg |
1928 | Jacques Bignan (F) (Fiat 509 Sedan) #24 2212 X3 Bucarest | P. Malaret (Fiat 509) #1 Koenigsberg | Charlotte Versigny (Talbot) #2 Bucarest |
1929 | Jacques Johan Sprenger van Eijk (NL) / Frits Rodrigo (NL)(Graham-Paige 619) #43 P-4910 Stockholm | Viktor Szmick/Emánuel Csajkovszky (Weiss-Manfred prototype) #41 8 27 193 | IJsbrand Visser (NL) (Lancia Lambda) #57 |
1930 | Hector Petit (F) (Licorne 5CV torpedo 2 portes) #27 Jassy | Alexandru C. Berlesco (DeSoto) #86 Jassy | Abel Blin D'Orimont (Studebaker) #25 Jassy |
1931 | Large cars: Donald Healey (UK) / Lewis Pearce (Invicta S-type 4.5 Litre) #128 PL 3188 Stavanger
Small cars (<1100cc) Victor E. Leverett (Riley Nine Monaco Saloon) #4 GN7 Stavanger |
Jean-Pierre Wimille (F) (Lorraine coupe sport B13-6) #121 | Lucy Schell (Bugatti) #167 |
1932 | Large cars: Maurice Vasselle / Duhamel (Hotchkiss AM 2) Umeå.
Small cars: G de Lavelette/Charles de Cortanze (Peugeot 201C) #212, license plate 3084 RF4, Umeå |
Donald Healey (Invicta) | Boris Ivanovsky / Mary Ham (Ford) |
1933 | Maurice Vasselle (Hotchkiss AM80 S) #1 Tallinn | Robert Guyot (Renault) | Madame Germaine Rouault / Julio Quinlin (Salmson) |
1934 | Louis Gas / Jean Trévoux (Hotchkiss AM80 S) #4 Athens | Marc Chauvierre / Lanciano (Chenard-Walcker Aigle 8) #17 Athens | Donald Healey (Triumph Gloria special) #151 Athens |
1935 | Charles Lahaye / René Quatresous (Renault Nervasport CS) #51 8000 UD2 Stavanger | Jack C. Ridley (Triumph Gloria) | Lucie Schell(USA) (Delahaye 135) |
1936 | Petre G. Cristea (RUM)/ Ionel Zamfirescu (Ford V8 model 48 speciale) #16 Athens | Lucy O'Reilly Schell | Laury Schell (Delahaye) | Charles Lahaye / René Quatresous (Renault) |
1937 | René Le Bègue / Julio Quinlin (Delahaye 135 M ) #20 ....RK2 Stavanger | P de Massa / Mahe (Talbot) | Ionel Zamfirescu / Trévoux (Hotchkiss) |
1938 | Gerard Bakker-Schut / Karel Ton/ Klaas Barendrecht (NL) (Ford V8 ) #9 GZ 15572 Athens | Jean Trévoux / Marcel Lesurque (Hotchkiss) | Charles Lahaye / René Quatresous (Renault) |
1939 | Jean Trévoux / Marcel Lesurque (Hotchkiss 686 GS Riviera cabriolet) #7 Athens Jean Paul / Marcel Contet (Delahaye 135 M) #31 Athens |
No second place, joint first place | Ernest Mutsaerts / André Kouwenberg / Paul Lamberts Hurrelbrinck(Ford V8) #71 Palermo |
1940–48 | |||
1949 | Jean Trévoux / Marcel Lesurque (Hotchkiss 686GS sedan) | Maurice Worms / E Mouche (Hotchkiss) | František Dobry / Z Treybal (Bristol) |
1950 | Marcel Becquart / Henri Secret (Hotchkiss 686GS sedan) | Maurice Gatsonides / Klaas Barendregt (Humber Super Snipe) |
Julio Quinlin /Jean Behra (Simca 8) |
1951 | Jean Trévoux / Roger Crovetto (Delahaye 175 S Motto) #277 3413 P75 | Comte de Monte Real / Manuel J. Palma (Ford V8) | C Vard / A Young (Jaguar Mk V) |
1952 | Sydney Allard / Guy Warburton (Allard P1 (Ford V8)) #146 MLX 381 | Stirling Moss / D Scannell / John Cooper (Sunbeam-Talbot 90) |
Dr Angelvin / Miss Angelvin (Simca Sport) |
1953 | Maurice Gatsonides (NL) / Peter Worledge (Ford Zephyr) #365 VHK 194 | Ian Appleyard / Pat Appleyard (Jaguar Mark VII) | Roger Marion / Jean Charmasson (Citroën Six) |
1954 | Louis Chiron / Ciro Basadonna (Lancia Aurelia B20 GT) | Pierre David / Paul Barbier (Peugeot 203) | André Blanchard / Marcel Lecoq (Panhard 750) |
1955 | Per Malling / Gunnar Fadum (Sunbeam-Talbot 90 Mk III) #201 A-68909 | Georges Gillard / Roger Duget (Panhard 850) | Hanns Gerdum / Joachim Kühling (Mercedes-Benz 220) |
1956 | Ronnie Adams / Frank Biggar / D Johnston (Jaguar Mark VII) | Walter Schock / K Raebe (Mercedes-Benz 220) | M Grosgogeat / P Biaginin (DKW) |
1957 | |||
1958 | Guy Monraisse / Jacques Feret (Renault Dauphine Gordini R1091) #65 9641 GN 75 | Alexandre Gacon / Leo Borsa (Alfa Romeo Giulietta) | Leif Vold-Johansen / Finn Koperud (DKW) |
1959 | Paul Coltelloni / Pierre Alexandre / Claude Desrosiers (Citroën ID 19) | André Thomas / Jean Delliere (Simca Aronde) | Pierre Surles / Jacques Piniers (Panhard 850) |
1960 | Walter Schock / Rolf Moll (Mercedes-Benz 220SE) | Eugen Böhringer / Hermann Socher (Mercedes-Benz 220SE) | Eberhard Mahle / Roland Ott (Mercedes-Benz 220SE) |
1961 | Maurice Martin / Roger Bateau (Panhard PL 17 Tigre) #174 9333 75 | Walter Löffler / Hans Joachim Walter (Panhard PL 17 Tigre) | Guy Jouanneaux / Alain Coquillet (Panhard PL 17 Tigre) |
1962 | Erik Carlsson / Gunnar Häggbom (Saab 96 #303) | Eugen Böhringer / P Lang (Mercedes-Benz 220SE) | Paddy Hopkirk / Jack Scott (Sunbeam Rapier) |
1963 | Erik Carlsson / Gunnar Palm (Saab 96 #283) | Pauli Toivonen / Anassi Järvi (Citroën ID19) | Rauno Aaltonen / Tony Ambrose (Mini Cooper) |
1964 | Paddy Hopkirk / Henry Liddon (Morris Mini Cooper S) [12] | Bo Ljungfeldt / Fergus Sager (Ford Falcon) | Erik Carlsson / Gunnar Palm (Saab 96) |
1965 | Timo Mäkinen / Paul Easter (Mini Cooper S) | Eugen Böhringer / Rolf Wütherich (Porsche 904) | Pat Moss / Ann Wisdom (Saab 96) |
1966 | Pauli Toivonen / Ensio Mikander (Citroën ID) | René Trautmann / Jean-Pierre Hanrioud (Lancia Flavia) | Ove Andersson / Rolf Dahlgren (Lancia Flavia) |
1967 | Rauno Aaltonen / Henry Liddon (Mini Cooper S) | Ove Andersson / John Davenport (Lancia Fulvia) | Vic Elford / David Stone (Porsche 911S) |
1968 | Vic Elford / David Stone (Porsche 911T) | Pauli Toivonen / Martti Tiukkanen (Porsche 911S) | Rauno Aaltonen / Henry Liddon (Mini Cooper S) |
1969 | Björn Waldegård / Lars Helmer (Porsche 911S) | Gérard Larrousse / Jean-Claude Perramond (Porsche 911S) | Jean Vinatier / Jean-François Jacob (Alpine-Renault A110) |
1970 | Björn Waldegård / Lars Helmer (Porsche 911S) | Gérard Larrousse / Maurice Gelin (Porsche 911S) | Jean-Pierre Nicolas / Claude Roure (Alpine-Renault A110) |
1971 | Ove Andersson / David Stone (Alpine-Renault A110) | Jean-Luc Thérier / Marcel Callewaert (Alpine-Renault A110) | Björn Waldegård / Hans Thorszelius (Porsche 914/6) |
1972 | Sandro Munari / Mario Manucci (Lancia Fulvia 1.6HF) | Gérard Larrousse / Jean-Claude Perramond (Porsche 911S) | Rauno Aaltonen / Jean Todt (Datsun 240Z) |
1973–1985
1986–1999
2000–2009
2010–2019
2020–
Rally name | Stages | Podium finishers | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Driver Co-driver |
Team Car |
Time | ||
88ème Rallye Automobile Monte-Carlo 23 to 26 January 2020 Round 1 of the 2020 World Rally Championship |
16 stages 304.28 km |
1 | Thierry Neuville Nicolas Gilsoul |
Hyundai Shell Mobis WRT Hyundai i20 Coupe WRC |
3h 10m 57.6s |
2 | Sébastien Ogier Julien Ingrassia |
Toyota Gazoo Racing WRT Toyota Yaris WRC |
3h 11m 10.2s | ||
3 | Elfyn Evans Scott Martin |
Toyota Gazoo Racing WRT Toyota Yaris WRC |
3h 11m 11.9s |
- † – Event was shortened after stages were cancelled.
Multiple winners
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See also
Notes
- ^ "Latest Formula 1 Breaking News - Grandprix.com". www.grandprix.com.
- ^ "Rallye de Monaco 1911, première édition du Monte-Carlo". pcallais.free.fr.
- ^ Motor Sport, March 1966, pages 202, 204.
- ^ Competition Press & Autoweek, February 12, 1966, Pages 1, 6.
- ^ "1966: Future of Monte Carlo rally in doubt". BBC News. 21 January 1966.
- ^ MotorSport Archive, March, 1966, Pages 44.|url= http://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/march-1966/44/monte-carlo-fiasco
- ^ "Monte Carlo Rally to open 2011 IRC season". ircseries.com. Intercontinental Rally Challenge. 2010-07-19. Archived from the original on 2010-10-10. Retrieved 2010-07-19.
- ^ "Team LOOS INTERNATIONAL" at the 9th Rallye Monte-Carlo Historique Archived 2008-04-15 at the Wayback Machine. Loos International. Accessed May 12, 2010.
- ^ Duijvestijn, Guus. Alpine Passes Archived 2008-04-16 at the Wayback Machine. Archived at AJ's Touring Home Page. Accessed May 12, 2010.
- ^ Monte Carlo: Rally route Archived 2011-06-06 at the Wayback Machine. Motorsport.com, January 18, 2008. Accessed May 12, 2010.
- ^ "Honours". Automobile Club de Monaco.
- ^ Readers' guide to who won at Monte Carlo, British Motor Corporation advertisement, Life Magazine, 14 February 1964, page 81 Retrieved from books.google.com.au on 22 December 2011
- ^ "2009 Final Ranking". www.acm.mc. 2009-01-24. Archived from the original on 2011-05-23. Retrieved 2010-07-19.
- ^ "2010 Final Ranking". www.acm.mc. 2010-01-23. Archived from the original on 2010-03-16. Retrieved 2010-07-19.
- ^ "2011 Final Ranking". www.acm.mc. 2011-01-23. Archived from the original on 2011-05-23. Retrieved 2011-01-24.