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==Life==
Alexander Helios was born and educated in [[History of Alexandria#Ptolemaic Period|Alexandria]]. He was the second oldest of Cleopatra's sons, Caesarion being the oldest. In late 34 BC, at the [[Donations of Alexandria]], he was given the title of "King of Kings". His parents also made him ruler of [[Armenia#Antiquity|Armenia]], [[Atropatene|Media]], [[Parthia]] and any countries yet to be discovered between the Euphrates and Indus Rivers, despite the fact that most of this territory stood outside of their control at that time.<ref>[[Plutarch]], ''Antony'' 54.6-9; [[Cassius Dio]] xlix. 41.1-3; [[Livy]], ''periochae'' 131</ref> These areas were, in fact, already ruled by [[Artaxias II]] of Armenia (who had been elected King that same year after Antony captured his father [[Artavasdes II of Armenia|Artavasdes II]]), [[Artavasdes I of Media Atropatene]] and [[Phraates IV]] of [[Parthia]]. In 33 BC, Alexander was engaged to his distant relative [[Iotapa#Daughter of King Artavasdes I of Media|Iotapa]],<ref>http://www.tyndalehouse.com/Egypt/ptolemies/affilates/aff_ptolemies.htm</ref> a Princess of Media [[Atropatene]] and daughter of Artavasdes I. However, Mark Antony and Cleopatra were defeated by [[Octavian]] at the [[Battle of Actium]] in 31 BC. The next year, they committed suicide as Octavian and his army invaded Egypt. Iotapa left Egypt to return to her father and later married her maternal cousin King [[Mithridates III of Commagene]], who was of Armenian and Greek descent.<ref>Cassius Dio xlix. 40.2; xlix. 44.1-4; li. 16.2; Plutarch, ''Antony'' 53.12</ref>
When Octavian conquered Egypt, he spared Alexander, but took him, his sister and his brother [[Ptolemy Philadelphus (Cleopatra)|Ptolemy Philadelphus]] from Egypt to [[Rome]]. Octavian celebrated his military triumph in Rome by parading the children in heavy golden chains in the streets behind an effigy of their mother clutching an asp to her arm. It is unclear whether Ptolemy Philadelphus survived the journey to Rome, as [[Cassius Dio]] History of Rome only mentions the twins.<ref>Cassius Dio li. 21.8</ref> The children were given to [[Octavia Minor]] to be raised in her house in Rome under her guardianship. They were generously received by Octavia Minor, who educated them with her own children.<ref>Plutarch, ''Antony'' 87.1; [[Suetonius]], ''Augustus'' 17.5</ref> Octavia Minor was Octavian's second elder sister and was [[Mark Antony]]'s former wife.
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