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Since 2007, Israel and Hamas, along with other Palestinian militant groups based in Gaza, have engaged in conflict,<ref name="Meakem-20232" /><ref name="Kane-2023" /><ref name="Beauchamp-20232">{{#invoke:cite web||last=Beauchamp |first=Zack |title=Why did Hamas invade Israel?|url=https://www.vox.com/2023/10/7/23907323/israel-war-hamas-attack-explained-southern-israel-gaza |access-date=6 November 2023 |website=[[Vox (website)|Vox]] |date=7 October 2023 |archive-date=7 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007185123/https://www.vox.com/2023/10/7/23907323/israel-war-hamas-attack-explained-southern-israel-gaza |url-status=live}}</ref> including in four wars in [[Gaza War (2008–2009)|2008–2009]], [[2012 Gaza War|2012]], [[2014 Gaza War|2014]], and [[2021 Israel–Palestine crisis|2021]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=19 November 2023 |title=These six charts show the scale of human loss in the Israel-Gaza war |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-11-20/six-charts-that-show-the-scale-of-human-loss-in-israel-gaza-war/103074196 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202135746/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-11-20/six-charts-that-show-the-scale-of-human-loss-in-israel-gaza-war/103074196 |archive-date=2 February 2024 |access-date=2 February 2024 |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Tan |first=Joanna |date=12 November 2023 |title=Charts show a stark difference in the human cost of Israeli-Palestinian conflicts over the years |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/11/12/israel-hamas-war-data-shows-human-cost-of-conflict-through-the-years.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114213622/https://www.cnbc.com/2023/11/12/israel-hamas-war-data-shows-human-cost-of-conflict-through-the-years.html |archive-date=14 January 2024 |access-date=7 March 2024 |work=[[CNBC]]}}</ref> These conflicts killed approximately [[Palestinian casualties of war|6,400 Palestinians]] and [[Israeli casualties of war|300 Israelis]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite web||title=Where We Work. Gaza Strip |work=United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East ([[UNRWA]]) |url=https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/gaza-strip |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231012075032/https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/gaza-strip |archive-date=12 October 2023 |access-date=12 October 2023 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="OCHAoPt"/><ref name="Alfonseca-2023" /> In 2018–2019, there were large [[2018–2019 Gaza border protests|weekly organized protests near the Gaza-Israel border]], which were violently suppressed by Israel, whose forces killed hundreds and injured thousands of Palestinians by sniper fire.<ref>{{cite web |title=Two Years On: People Injured and Traumatized During the "Great March of Return" are Still Struggling |url=https://www.un.org/unispal/document/two-years-on-people-injured-and-traumatized-during-the-great-march-of-return-are-still-struggling/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240304172542/https://www.un.org/unispal/document/two-years-on-people-injured-and-traumatized-during-the-great-march-of-return-are-still-struggling/ |archive-date=4 March 2024 |access-date=5 March 2024 |website=un.org |publisher=United Nations}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Fayyad |first1=Huthifa |title=Gaza's Great March of Return protests explained |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/3/30/gazas-great-march-of-return-protests-explained |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217174220/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/3/30/gazas-great-march-of-return-protests-explained |archive-date=17 February 2024 |access-date=5 March 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] }}</ref> Soon after the [[2021 Israel–Palestine crisis]] began, Hamas' military wing, the [[Al-Qassam Brigades]], started planning the 7 October 2023 operation against Israel.<ref name="Klein-20232">{{cite magazine |last=Klein |first=Menachem |date=28 November 2023 |title=Israeli arrogance thwarted a Palestinian political path. October 7 revealed the cost |url=https://www.972mag.com/hamas-fatah-elections-israel-arrogance/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129173047/https://www.972mag.com/hamas-fatah-elections-israel-arrogance/ |archive-date=29 November 2023 |magazine=[[+972 magazine]]}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite news||title=Hamas Says Its Attack on Israel Was Planned for Two Years |url=https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/israel-hamas-war-gaza-strip/card/hamas-says-its-attack-on-israel-was-planned-for-two-years-1VCaFNgV3H2e4bGsBUAm |access-date=4 December 2023 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=14 October 2023 |archive-date=13 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231113232117/https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/israel-hamas-war-gaza-strip/card/hamas-says-its-attack-on-israel-was-planned-for-two-years-1VCaFNgV3H2e4bGsBUAm |url-status=live}}</ref>
 
Hamas officials stated that the attack was a response to the [[Israeli-occupied territories|Israeli occupation]], [[blockade of the Gaza Strip]], [[Israeli settler violence]] against Palestinians, [[Palestinian freedom of movement|restrictions on the movement of Palestinians]], and [[Palestinian prisoners in Israel|imprisonment of thousands of Palestinians]], whom Hamas sought to release by taking Israeli hostages.<ref name="aj7oct-invasion"/><ref name="McKernan-2023" /><ref name="Pacchiani-2023">{{#invoke:cite news||last=Pacchiani|first=Luca|date=7 October 2023|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/hamas-deputy-chief-anticipates-hostages-will-be-swapped-for-palestinian-prisoners/|title=Hamas deputy chief anticipates hostages will be swapped for Palestinian prisoners|work=[[The Times of Israel]]|access-date=25 October 2023}}</ref> Numerous commentators have identified the broader context of Israeli occupation as a cause of the war.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Matar |first1=Haggai |date=7 October 2023 |title=Gaza's shock attack has terrified Israelis. It should also unveil the context |url=https://www.972mag.com/gaza-attack-context-israelis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231181619/https://www.972mag.com/gaza-attack-context-israelis/ |archive-date=31 December 2023 |access-date=31 December 2023 |magazine=[[+972 Magazine]] |publisher=+972 Magazine}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Schenker |first1=Hillel |date=12 October 2023 |title=The Catastrophe of October 7. Why Did It Happen? |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/world/israel-gaza-hamas-war-netanyahu/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231231181618/https://www.thenation.com/article/world/israel-gaza-hamas-war-netanyahu/ |archive-date=31 December 2023 |access-date=31 December 2023 |magazine=[[The Nation]]}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite news||last1=Barghouti|first1=Mariam|title=On October 7, Gaza broke out of prison|work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2023/10/14/on-october-7-gaza-broke-out-of-prison|access-date=31 December 2023}}</ref> Deputy political leader [[Saleh al-Arouri]] said that Hamas believed Israel was planning to launch an attack on the West Bank and Gaza after the [[High Holy Days]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hamas says it has enough Israeli captives to free all Palestinian prisoners |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/7/hamas-says-it-has-enough-israeli-captives-to-free-all-palestinian-prisoners |access-date=2024-10-12 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=العاروري: المقاومة أسرت ضباطا كبارا في جيش الاحتلال |url=https://www.aljazeera.net/news/2023/10/7/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D8%B6%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%A7-%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D9%81%D9%8A |access-date=2024-10-12 |website=الجزيرة نت |language=ar}}</ref> The [[Associated Press]] wrote that Palestinians are "in despair over a never-ending occupation in the West Bank and suffocating blockade of Gaza".<ref name="Federman-2023"/> Several human rights organizations, including [[Amnesty International]],<ref>{{cite report |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MDE1551412022ENGLISH.pdf |title=Israel's Apartheid Against Palestinians: Cruel System of Domination and Crime Against Humanity |date=January 2022 |publisher=[[Amnesty International]] |access-date=6 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201215719/https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MDE1551412022ENGLISH.pdf |archive-date=1 February 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[B'Tselem]]<ref>{{#invoke:cite web||date=12 January 2021|title=A regime of Jewish supremacy from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea: This is apartheid|url=https://www.btselem.org/publications/fulltext/202101_this_is_apartheid|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210508165214/https://www.btselem.org/publications/fulltext/202101_this_is_apartheid|archive-date=8 May 2021|access-date=6 November 2023|work=[[B'Tselem]]|quote=A regime that uses laws, practices and organized violence to cement the supremacy of one group over another is an apartheid regime. Israeli apartheid, which promotes the supremacy of Jews over Palestinians, was not born in one day or of a single speech. It is a process that has gradually grown more institutionalized and explicit, with mechanisms introduced over time in law and practice to promote Jewish supremacy. These accumulated measures, their pervasiveness in legislation and political practice, and the public and judicial support they receive – all form the basis for our conclusion that the bar for labeling the Israeli regime as apartheid has been met.}}</ref> and [[Human Rights Watch]]<ref>{{#invoke:cite news||last=Holmes |first=Oliver |date=27 April 2021 |title=Israel is committing the crime of apartheid, rights group says |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/27/israel-committing-crime-apartheid-human-rights-watch |url-status=live |access-date=6 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220202210105/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/apr/27/israel-committing-crime-apartheid-human-rights-watch |archive-date=2 February 2022}}</ref> have [[Israel and apartheid|likened the Israeli occupation to apartheid]], although supporters of Israel dispute this characterization.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news||date=4 May 2023 |title=Israël: l'Assemblée nationale rejette une résolution communiste dénonçant un "régime d'apartheid" |language=fr |trans-title=Israel: National Assembly rejects communist resolution denouncing 'apartheid regime' |work=[[Le Figaro]] |url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/israel-l-assemblee-nationale-rejette-une-resolution-communiste-denoncant-un-regime-d-apartheid-20230504 |url-status=live |access-date=8 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230614002231/https://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/israel-l-assemblee-nationale-rejette-une-resolution-communiste-denoncant-un-regime-d-apartheid-20230504 |archive-date=14 June 2023}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite news||last1=Hutzler |first1=Alexandra |last2=Peller |first2=Lauren |title=House passes resolution saying Israel isn't a 'racist or apartheid state' |work=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]] |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/house-vote-resolution-israel-racist-apartheid-state/story?id=101410569|url-status=live |access-date=15 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231030033122/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/house-vote-resolution-israel-racist-apartheid-state/story?id=101410569 |archive-date=30 October 2023}}</ref> An [[advisory opinion]] by the [[International Court of Justice]] published in July 2024 [[ICJ case on Israel's occupation of the Palestinian territories|declared the occupation illegal]] and said it violated Article 3 of the [[International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination]], which prohibits racial segregation and apartheid.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Siddique |first=Haroon |date=19 July 2024 |title=UN court orders Israel to end its occupation of Palestinian territories |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/jul/19/israels-settlement-policies-break-international-law-court-finds |access-date=25 September 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=22 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240722174228/https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/jul/19/israels-settlement-policies-break-international-law-court-finds |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
== Events ==
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* {{#invoke:cite news||last=Rahhou |first=Jihane |date=8 October 2023 |url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/10/358152/israeli-strike-destroys-al-amin-muhammad-mosque-in-gaza |title=Israeli Strike Destroys Al-Amin Muhammad Mosque in Gaza |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009000405/https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/10/358152/israeli-strike-destroys-al-amin-muhammad-mosque-in-gaza |archive-date=9 October 2023 |work=Morocco World News |access-date=18 October 2023}}</ref> Israel also rescued two hostages before declaring a [[state of war]] for the first time since the [[1973 Yom Kippur War]].<ref>{{#invoke:cite news||last1=Goldenberg |first1=Tia |last2=Shurafa |first2=Wafaa |date=8 October 2023 |url=https://apnews.com/article/israel-palestinians-gaza-hamas-rockets-airstrikes-tel-aviv-ca7903976387cfc1e1011ce9ea805a71 |title=Hamas fighters storm Israeli towns in surprise attack; Israel responds with deadly strikes on Gaza |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008051308/https://apnews.com/article/israel-palestinians-gaza-hamas-rockets-airstrikes-tel-aviv-ca7903976387cfc1e1011ce9ea805a71 |archive-date=8 October 2023 |work=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=8 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite news||url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/middle-east/israel-officially-declares-war-for-1st-time-since-1973-as-death-toll-mounts-to-600/articleshow/104261182.cms |title=Israel officially declares war for 1st time since 1973 as death toll mounts to 600 |work=[[The Times of India]] |date=8 October 2023 |access-date=18 October 2023 |archive-date=8 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008131015/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/middle-east/israel-officially-declares-war-for-1st-time-since-1973-as-death-toll-mounts-to-600/articleshow/104261182.cms?from=mdr |url-status=live}}</ref>
 
On 9 October, Defense Minister Gallant announced a "total" blockade of the Gaza Strip, cutting off electricity and blocking the entry of food and fuel, adding "We are fighting human animals and we are acting accordingly".<ref>{{#invoke:cite news||last=Fabian |first=Emanuel |date=9 October 2023 |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/defense-minister-announces-complete-siege-of-gaza-no-power-food-or-fuel/ |title=Defense minister announces 'complete siege' of Gaza: No power, food or fuel |work=[[The Times of Israel]] |access-date=9 October 2023 |archive-date=9 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009105739/https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/defense-minister-announces-complete-siege-of-gaza-no-power-food-or-fuel/ |url-status=live}}</ref> This drew criticism from [[Human Rights Watch|Human Rights Watch (HRW)]] who described the order as "abhorrent" and as a "call to commit a war crime" and accused Israel of using [[white phosphorus munitions]] over Gaza, stating that it violated international law.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news||url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/09/israel-hamas-war-gaza-violence/#link-ZY5JY3JP4NCXXAK3JYNMMSRUEE|title=Israel-Hamas war live updates: 9 Americans killed; Gaza Strip faces full siege|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231009132415/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/09/israel-hamas-war-gaza-violence/#link-ZY5JY3JP4NCXXAK3JYNMMSRUEE|archive-date=9 October 2023|date=9 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite web||title=Israel: White Phosphorus Used in Gaza, Lebanon|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/12/israel-white-phosphorus-used-gaza-lebanon|website=[[Human Rights Watch]]|access-date=27 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231012210108/https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/10/12/israel-white-phosphorus-used-gaza-lebanon|archive-date=12 October 2023|location=Beirut|date=12 October 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> Israel denied the allegations.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news||last1=Wintour|first1=Patrick|title=Israel denies using white phosphorus munitions in Gaza|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/13/israel-military-white-phosphorus-gaza-lebanon|access-date=27 November 2023|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=13 October 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027052756/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/13/israel-military-white-phosphorus-gaza-lebanon|archive-date=27 October 2023}}</ref> On 10 October, an Israeli airstrike on a house in [[Deir al-Balah]] killed 18 people and injured 23 others including five children and three women.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Pietromarchi |first1=Virginia |last2=Motamedi |first2=Maziar |date=9 October 2024 |title=Know their names: Palestinian families killed in Israeli attacks on Gaza |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/9/live-israel-hits-lebanons-beirut-bekaa-valley-gaza-deaths-near-42000 |access-date=9 October 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=On October 10, 2023, 18 members of the family – including five children and three women – were killed and 23 others injured in an Israeli air strike on their home.}}</ref> Gallant then changed his position of a complete blockade after receiving pressure from US President [[Joe Biden]] and a deal was made on 19 October for Israel and Egypt to allow aid into Gaza.<ref name="Fergal Keane-2024">{{cite news |date=2 March 2024 |title=Fergal Keane: Aid convoy tragedy shows fear of starvation haunts Gaza |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68456718 |access-date=3 April 2024 |archive-date=15 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240315042049/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68456718 |url-status=live}}</ref> The first aid convoy after the start of the war entered Gaza on 21 October 2023,<ref>{{#invoke:cite news||title=In pictures: Trucks carry aid into Gaza for the first time since the outbreak of the Israel-Hamas war |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/10/21/israel-hamas-war-updates-and-latest-news-on-gaza-conflict.html |access-date=30 December 2023 |publisher=CNBC |date=21 October 2023}}</ref> while fuel entered Gaza only in November.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news||title=1st fuel truck enters Gaza |url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/live-updates/israel-gaza-hamas-war/1st-fuel-truck-enters-gaza-104926318?id=104837945 |access-date=30 December 2023 |publisher=ABC |date=15 November 2023}}</ref>
 
==== Evacuation of Northern Gaza ====
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Israeli forces raided al-Shifa hospital again between 18 March and 1 April. The IDF clashed with Hamas in the area.<ref>{{cite news |title=Fighting Rages Around Two Gaza Hospitals as Pressure on Israel Rises |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/28/world/middleeast/gaza-shifa-hospital-israel-hostages.html |access-date=2 April 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=28 March 2024 |archive-date=2 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240402064654/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/28/world/middleeast/gaza-shifa-hospital-israel-hostages.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Israeli forces killed Faiq al-Mabhouh, who they said was head of the operations directorate of Hamas' internal security service. Hamas said al-Mabhouh was in charge of civil law enforcement and had been engaged in "purely civil and humanitarian activity,"<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 March 2024 |title=إسرائيل تغتال فائق المبحوح في غزة.. ما أبرز مهامه؟ |url=https://www.alaraby.com/news/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AD-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B2-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87 |access-date=19 March 2024 |website=التلفزيون العربي |language=ar |archive-date=1 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240401135148/https://www.alaraby.com/news/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%AD-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%A7-%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B2-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87 |url-status=live }}</ref> coordinating aid deliveries to north Gaza.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Gunter |first1=Joel |last2=Gritten |first2=David |date=18 March 2024 |title=Israeli forces raid Gaza City's al-Shifa hospital |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68594153 |access-date=19 March 2024 |archive-date=3 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240403223638/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68594153 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Berger |first1=Miriam |last2=Loveluck |first2=Louisa |date=19 March 2024 |title=Israeli forces raid Gaza City hospital; U.S. confirms death of top Hamas leader |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/03/18/israel-hamas-gaza-shifa-issa/ |access-date=20 March 2024 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> News agencies reported that the IDF assaulted and detained Al-Jazeera correspondent [[Ismail al-Ghoul#Al-Shifa Hospital siege|Ismail al-Ghoul]] and more than 80 others, including medical staff and other journalists, and confiscated and destroyed media equipment.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 March 2024 |title=US says seeking information on reports of detained Al Jazeera reporter in Gaza |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us-says-seeking-information-reports-detained-al-jazeera-reporter-gaza-2024-03-18/ |website=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Israeli forces storm Gaza's al-Shifa Hospital |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/18/israeli-army-opens-fire-inside-gazas-al-shifa-hospital-officials-say |access-date=19 March 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |archive-date=4 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240404113542/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/18/israeli-army-opens-fire-inside-gazas-al-shifa-hospital-officials-say |url-status=live}}</ref> Al-Ghoul was released the following day, but could not verify the whereabouts of his colleagues.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Al Jazeera journalist freed after 12-hour arrest by Israeli forces in Gaza |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/18/al-jazeera-journalist-beaten-arrested-by-israeli-forces-from-gaza-hospital |access-date=19 March 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |archive-date=18 March 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240318190257/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/18/al-jazeera-journalist-beaten-arrested-by-israeli-forces-from-gaza-hospital |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="cpj_ghoul">{{cite web |title=Witnesses: IDF assaulted, detained Al-Jazeera journalist in hospital raid |website=Committee to Protect Journalists |date=18 March 2024 |url=https://cpj.org/2024/03/witnesses-idf-assaulted-detained-al-jazeera-journalist-in-hospital-raid/ |access-date=19 March 2024 |archive-date=10 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240510025652/https://cpj.org/2024/03/witnesses-idf-assaulted-detained-al-jazeera-journalist-in-hospital-raid/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Committee to Protect Journalists]] said it was "deeply alarmed and outraged by reports of the assault of Ismail Al-Ghoul and other journalists while reporting on the Israeli offensive on the hospital".<ref name="cpj_ghoul" />
 
According to the IDF, senior Hamas leaders were killed during the fighting at the hospital, including Mahmoud Khalil Zakzuk, the deputy commander of Hamas's rocket unit in Gaza City, and Raad Thabet, head of recruitment and supply acquisition.<ref>{{cite news |title=IDF, Shin Bet name senior Hamas terrorists killed at Shifa |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/idf-shin-bet-name-senior-hamas-terrorists-killed-at-shifa/ |access-date=2 April 2024 |work=[[The Times of Israel]] |date=30 March 2024 |archive-date=30 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330145129/https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/idf-shin-bet-name-senior-hamas-terrorists-killed-at-shifa/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Survivors of the events at al-Shifa reported that workers in Gaza's civil government were receiving their salaries at the hospital before it was raided.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newarab.com/news/al-shifa-hospital-witnesses-reveal-bloodshed-israeli-raid |title=Al-Shifa Hospital witnesses reveal bloodshed of Israeli raid |work=[[The New Arab]] |access-date=16 July 2024 |archive-date=8 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008234313/https://www.newarab.com/news/al-shifa-hospital-witnesses-reveal-bloodshed-israeli-raid |url-status=live }}</ref> The IDF said it killed 200 people in and around the hospital. Time Magazine said it provided "no evidence that all were militants."<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=1 April 2024 |title=Israeli Troops Withdraw From Shifa Hospital |url=https://time.com/6962429/shifa-hospital-israeli-troops-gaza/ |access-date=3 April 2024 |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|TIME]] |archive-date=15 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240515152557/https://time.com/6962429/shifa-hospital-israeli-troops-gaza/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The Gaza media office reported that Israeli forces had killed 400 Palestinians around the hospital, and rendered the medical facility out of use, according to Reuters.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/apr/01/israeli-forces-withdraw-from-gaza-al-shifa-hospital-after-two-week-raid|title=Israeli forces withdraw from Gaza's al-Shifa hospital after two-week raid leaving facility in ruins|last=Tondo|first=Lorenzo|date=1 April 2024|work=[[The Guardian]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240802012825/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/apr/01/israeli-forces-withdraw-from-gaza-al-shifa-hospital-after-two-week-raid|archive-date=2 August 2024|url-status=live|access-date=19 September 2024}}</ref> Photos of the hospital after the withdrawal of Israeli forces showed its "walls blown out and frame blackened" by fire.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1 April 2024 |title=As Israel withdraws from raid on Shifa Hospital, accounts from military and witnesses differ wildly |url=https://apnews.com/article/shifa-hamas-israel-gaza-military-war-hospitals-1842f3cc81744526c72bff727882e956 |access-date=2 April 2024 |work=[[AP News]] |archive-date=15 June 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240615113338/https://apnews.com/article/shifa-hamas-israel-gaza-military-war-hospitals-1842f3cc81744526c72bff727882e956 |url-status=live}}</ref> Hundreds of bodies were found on hospital grounds, with Palestinian witnesses describing massacres.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Edwards |first1=Christian |last2=Yeung |first2=Jessie |date=1 April 2024 |title=Israeli troops end Al-Shifa hospital raid, leaving behind bodies and trail of destruction |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/01/middleeast/israel-idf-withdraws-al-shifa-hospital-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2 April 2024 |work=[[CNN]] |archive-date=25 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240425090643/https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/01/middleeast/israel-idf-withdraws-al-shifa-hospital-intl-hnk/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> According to a report by Forensic Architecture, Israeli forces desecrated makeshift burial grounds within the hospital compound and buried Palestinians killed during the second invasion in mass graves using military bulldozers.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://forensic-architecture.org/investigation/mass-burials-at-al-shifa-hospital|title=Mass burials at al-Shifa hospital|last=Tondo|first=Lorenzo|date=10 April 2024|work=[[Forensic Architecture]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240822164255/https://forensic-architecture.org/investigation/mass-burials-at-al-shifa-hospital|archive-date=22 August 2024|url-status=live|access-date=19 September 2024}}</ref>
 
A deputy military commander of Hamas [[Marwan Issa]] was reportedly killed in an airstrike in mid-March.<ref>{{cite news |title=Israel Gaza: US reports death of senior Hamas military leader Marwan Issa |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68578735 |access-date=19 March 2024 |publisher=BBC |date=19 March 2024 |archive-date=18 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240318235216/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68578735 |url-status=live }}</ref> On 23 March 19 Palestinians were killed by the IDF while waiting for humanitarian aid at the Kuwait roundabout in Gaza City.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Kent |first1=Lauren |last2=Al-Za'anoun |first2=Khader |last3=Khadder |first3=Kareem |date=23 March 2024 |title=At least 19 Palestinians killed by Israeli military while waiting for aid in Gaza – Gazan authorities |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/03/23/world/palestinians-killed-israeli-military-gazan-authorities/index.html |access-date=24 March 2024 |website=CNN |archive-date=6 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240406143053/https://www.cnn.com/2024/03/23/world/palestinians-killed-israeli-military-gazan-authorities/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> On 25 March, the UN Security Council passed a resolution calling for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza, to last for the remainder of [[Ramadan]]. The US abstained; all other delegates voted in favor.<ref>{{Cite news |date=25 March 2024 |title=UN Security Council adopts resolution demanding immediate Gaza ceasefire |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/news/2024/3/25/un-security-council-adopts-resolution-calling-for-immediate-gaza-ceasefire |access-date=25 March 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |archive-date=30 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240430205610/https://www.aljazeera.com/amp/news/2024/3/25/un-security-council-adopts-resolution-calling-for-immediate-gaza-ceasefire |url-status=live }}</ref> IDF activities in the Gaza Strip remained unchanged following adoption of the resolution.<ref>{{Cite web|last2=Siddiqui|first1=Federica|last1=Marsi|first2=Usaid|date=27 March 2024|title=Gaza ceasefire hopes 'drowned out' by Israel's non-stop bombing|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/3/27/israels-war-on-gaza-live-rafah-bombing-intensifies-despite-un-truce-call?update=2802740|access-date=24 August 2024|website=Al Jazeera|language=en|archive-date=28 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240328014032/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/3/27/israels-war-on-gaza-live-rafah-bombing-intensifies-despite-un-truce-call?update=2802740|url-status=live}}</ref> On 28 March, the IDF shot and killed two unarmed men in central Gaza, before burying them in sand with bulldozers.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Vogt |first1=Adrienne |last2=B. Powell |first2=Tori |last3=Berlinger |first3=Joshua |last4=Lau |first4=Chris |date=30 March 2024 |title=Israel admits killing 2 Palestinians and then burying them with a bulldozer after shocking video surfaces |url=https://www.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/israel-hamas-war-gaza-news-03-30-24/h_4724230f9284f7aa73e4f2b428b47fb9 |access-date=31 March 2024 |work=[[CNN]] |archive-date=31 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240331014727/https://www.cnn.com/middleeast/live-news/israel-hamas-war-gaza-news-03-30-24/h_4724230f9284f7aa73e4f2b428b47fb9 |url-status=live}}</ref> The Council on American-Islamic Relations called for a UN investigation into the "heinous war crime."<ref>{{Cite news |title=Israeli soldiers shoot and kill two unarmed Palestinians in Gaza: Video |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/28/israeli-soldiers-shoot-dead-two-unarmed-palestinian-men-in-gaza-video |access-date=31 March 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |archive-date=24 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424160300/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/3/28/israeli-soldiers-shoot-dead-two-unarmed-palestinian-men-in-gaza-video |url-status=live}}</ref>
 
On 1 April, seven aid workers from [[World Central Kitchen]], including British, [[Poland|Polish]], [[Australia]]n, and [[Ireland|Irish]] nationals, were killed in an [[World Central Kitchen aid convoy attack|Israeli airstrike]] south of [[Deir al-Balah]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=7 WCK team members killed in Gaza |url=https://wck.org/news/gaza-team-update |date=2 April 2024 |access-date=3 April 2024 |website=[[World Central Kitchen]] |archive-date=3 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240403111639/https://wck.org/news/gaza-team-update |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Magdy, S.-2024">{{Cite news |title=With famine looming, aid group halts food delivery in Gaza after Israeli strike kills 7 workers |url=https://apnews.com/article/israel-hamas-war-news-04-02-2024-9bdf66771b62af37d85a2800f71c0e6c |access-date=25 August 2024 | author1=Shurafa, W.| author2=Magdy, S.| work=[[Associated Press]] |date=3 April 2024 |archive-date=12 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240512131611/https://apnews.com/article/israel-hamas-war-news-04-02-2024-9bdf66771b62af37d85a2800f71c0e6c |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Gaza aid convoy strike: what happened and who were the victims? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/apr/02/gaza-aid-convoy-strike-what-happened-and-who-were-the-victims |date=2 April 2024 |access-date=3 April 2024 |work=[[The Guardian]] |archive-date=8 October 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008234206/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/apr/02/gaza-aid-convoy-strike-what-happened-and-who-were-the-victims |url-status=live }}</ref> World Central Kitchen said their vehicles were clearly marked and their location known to Israel. World Central Kitchen, [[American Near East Refugee Aid|ANERA]] and [[Project HOPE]] suspended their operations in Gaza. 240 tons of aid from World Central Kitchen was not distributed due to its withdrawal.<ref name="Magdy, S.-2024" /><ref>{{Cite news |title=World Central Kitchen halts operations in Gaza after strike kills staff |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/world-68710515 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=2 April 2024 |access-date=3 April 2024 |archive-date= 2 April 2024 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20240402023745/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-68710515 |url-status= live }}</ref> On 4 April, Israel opened the [[Erez Crossing]] for the first time since 7 October after US pressure.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Israeli cabinet approves reopening of Erez Crossing for first time since October 7, says official |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/04/04/middleeast/gaza-erez-crossing-israeli-cabinet-intl/index.html |access-date=5 April 2024 |website=CNN |date=4 April 2024 |archive-date=17 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417053222/https://edition.cnn.com/2024/04/04/middleeast/gaza-erez-crossing-israeli-cabinet-intl/index.html |url-status=live}}</ref>
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==== Polio vaccination campaign ====
On 16 August, a 10-month-old contracted Gaza's first case of polio in 25 years.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=El Damanhoury |first1=Kareem |last2=Lau |first2=Chris |date=2024-08-17 |title=10-month-old contracts Gaza's first case of polio in 25 years |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/08/16/middleeast/10-month-old-polio-gaza-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> On 30 August, Israel and Hamas agreed to pause fighting in central Gaza for three days, then in southern Gaza for three days and then in northern Gaza for three days from 06:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. in a designated area for polio vaccination starting on 31 August. Israel and Hamas also agreed to extend pause in fighting in three separate zones to the fourth day if needed.<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 August 2024 |title=Israel, Hamas agree to zoned three-day pauses for Gaza polio vaccinations, WHO says |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/who-has-preliminary-commitment-some-gaza-pauses-polio-vaccinations-2024-08-29/ |access-date=29 August 2024 |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |first1=Nils |last1=Adler |first2=Stephen |last2=Quillen |first3=Umut |last3=Uras |date=31 August 2024 |title=Photos: Polio vaccination campaign begins at Nasser Hospital |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/8/31/israels-war-on-gaza-live-israel-bombards-gaza-besieges-west-banks-jenin |access-date=31 August 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en}}</ref> On 4 September, [[World Health Organization]] Director-General [[Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus]] said that vaccinations would continue at "four fixed sites in central Gaza for three more days".<ref>{{Cite news |first1=Stephen |last1=Quillen |first2=Usaid |last2=Siddiqui |date=4 September 2024 |title=First phase of vaccination drive in central Gaza complete: WHO |url=https://aje.io/d9p3e5?update=3157184 |access-date=4 September 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en}}</ref> On 6 September, the Gaza Health Ministry said that Israel was hindering polio vaccinations by refusing to coordinate the entry of medical teams into the southern Gaza Strip.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Israel Hinders Polio Vaccination; U.N. Warns Gazans Getting No Food in "Beyond Catastrophic" Scenario |url=https://www.democracynow.org/2024/9/6/headlines/israel_hinders_polio_vaccination_un_warns_gazans_getting_no_food_in_beyond_catastrophic_scenario |access-date=9 September 2024 |work=[[Democracy Now!]] |language=en}}</ref> On 8 September, the [[Gaza Health Ministry]] extended polio vaccination in southern Gaza for one more day.<ref>{{Cite news |first1=Usaid |last1=Siddiqui |first2=Ylenia |last2=Gostoli |date=9 September 2024 |title=Gaza's polio vaccination campaign extended amid attacks |url=https://aje.io/f0cs0j?update=3164685 |access-date=9 September 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en}}</ref> On 9 September, UN staff working with the polio vaccination campaign were detained by Israeli soldiers in northern Gaza, who held them at gunpoint and damaged UN vehicles with bulldozers. Because of this incident, UNRWA commissioner [[Philippe Lazzarini]] said that the future of the UN's vaccination program in northern Gaza was uncertain.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 September 2024 |title=UN convoy in Gaza released after being detained by Israel |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/israeli-military-says-it-detained-un-convoy-northern-gaza-2024-09-09/ |work=[[Reuters]]}}</ref> On 16 September, Lazzarini said that first phase of polio vaccination was a success and it reached 90% of the children.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 September 2024 |title=UNRWA chief: Gaza polio vaccination coverage has reached 90% |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/unrwa-chief-gaza-polio-vaccination-coverage-has-reached-90-2024-09-16/ |access-date=16 September 2024 |work=Reuters}}</ref> On 12 October, a humanitarian pause between the IDF and Hamas started in the designated protected zone for polio vaccination campaign for children.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Jamal |first1=Urooba |last2=Uras |first2=Umut |date=2024-10-15 |title=Gaza polio campaign starts well despite Israeli strikes, WHO says |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/15/live-israeli-army-planting-explosives-in-jabalia-amid-siege-of-north-gaza |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=The World Health Organization says it was able to begin its polio campaign in central Gaza and vaccinate tens of thousands of children despite Israeli strikes in the designated protected zone hours before. As part of an agreement between the Israeli military and Palestinian militant group Hamas, humanitarian pauses in the year-long Gaza war had been due to begin early on Monday to reach hundreds of thousands of children. However, hours before then, the UN humanitarian office said Israeli forces struck tents near al Aqsa hospital, inside in the zone, where it said four people were burned to death.}}</ref> The [[World Health Organization]] announced that second phase of the polio vaccination campaign was launched in central Gaza.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Motamedi |first1=Maziar |last2=Uras |first2=Umut |date=12 October 2024 |title=Second phase of polio vaccination in Gaza to start from Monday |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/12/live-israel-targets-un-in-south-lebanon-turns-northern-gaza-to-ruins |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=Gaza's Health Ministry has confirmed that a second round of polio vaccination will start from Monday. The vaccines will be administered to children under 10 for a period of three days, with the possibility of extending for an additional day. For now, only vaccinations in central Gaza have been confirmed, with uncertainty looming over northern Gaza, where the Israeli military is laying a deadly siege as hundreds of thousands are trapped and unable to leave.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Second round of polio vaccination in the Gaza Strip aims to vaccinate over half a million children |url=https://www.who.int/news/item/11-10-2024-second-round-of-polio-vaccination-in-the-gaza-strip-aims-to-vaccinate-over-half-a-million-children |access-date=12 October 2024 |website=www.who.int |language=en}}</ref> Strikes on the Mufti school in Nuseirat delayed the distribution of polio vaccines.<ref name=":NBC News">{{Cite web |date=2024-10-14 |title=Israeli strike on Gaza hospital ignites devastating fire |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/israel-gaza-hamas-hospital-bombing-rcna175237 |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> Polio vaccination is uncertain in northern Gaza due to the IDF's siege.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gaza Begins 2nd Round of Polio Vaccine Push |url=https://english.aawsat.com/arab-world/5070852-gaza-begins-2nd-round-polio-vaccine-push |access-date=2024-10-14 |website=english.aawsat.com |language=en}}</ref> On 17 October, the polio vaccination campaign for children from two to ten years old was completed in central Gaza. Vaccination for children in [[Khan Yunis Governorate|Khan Yunis]] and [[Rafah Governorate|Rafah]] governorates was expected to run from 19 to 23 October, followed by children in northern Gaza.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Gostoli |first1=Ylenia |last2=Mohamed |first2=Edna |date=2024-10-17 |title=Palestinian health minister says 181,429 children vaccinated against polio: Report |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/17/live-food-running-out-dozens-buried-in-gazas-jabalia-amid-israeli-siege |access-date=2024-10-17 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=Ramadan said in a statement that Vitamin A was given to 148,064 children “from two to ten years old” in various vaccination centres in Gaza. He added that today is the last day for the second dose of the polio vaccine to be administered in the central governorate. On Saturday, teams will begin vaccinating children in the southern governorates of Khan Younis and Rafah for four days. The teams will later move to governorates in northern Gaza to vaccinate children.}}</ref>
 
==== Ground operation in Rafah ====
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==== Attacks in central Gaza ====
An [[September 2024 Al-Jawni School attack|Israeli airstrike on a UNRWA-run school-turned-shelter]] in Nuseirat refugee camp killed at least 18 people, including six UNRWA staff.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Israel Gaza: UN says Israeli air strike killed six of its staff |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/clyn400rm68o |access-date=12 September 2024 |website=BBC News |language=en-GB |quote=Other footage showed ambulances bringing wounded men, women and children said to have been wounded in the strike to al-Aqsa hospital in the town of Deir al-Balah. The Associated Press cited hospital officials as saying that al-Awda had received 10 bodies and al-Aqsa another four, and that they included one woman and two children.}}</ref><ref name="theguardian-2024-09-12" /><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Mccready |first1=Alastair |last2=Rasheed |first2=Zaheena |last3=Marsi |first3=Federica |last4=Siddiqui |first4=Usaid |last5=Varshalomidze |first5=Tamila |last6=Jamal |first6=Urooba |date=11 September 2024 |title=Death toll of Israeli attack on UNRWA school rises to 18 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/9/11/israels-war-on-gaza-live-deadly-attack-on-al-mawasi-prompts-global-outcry?update=3173185 |access-date=12 September 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en|quote= At least 20 people were wounded.}}</ref> On 16 September, an Israeli strike on a home in Nuseirat refugee camp killed 10 Palestinians.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Rowlands |first1=Lyndal |last2=Rasheed |first2=Zaheena |last3=Siddiqui |first3=Usaid |last4=Motamedi |first4=Maziar |last5=Najjar |first5=Farah |date=16 September 2024|title=The Wafa news agency is reporting that several children and women were among the 10 Palestinians killed in the Israel's attack on the Nuseirat refugee camp. |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/9/16/israel-war-on-gaza-live-children-among-10-killed-in-gaza-city-attacks |access-date=16 September 2024|website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Rowlands |first1=Lyndal |last2=Rasheed |first2=Zaheena |last3=Siddiqui |first3=Usaid |last4=Motamedi |first4=Maziar |last5=Najjar |first5=Farah |date=16 September 2024 |title=At least 10 Palestinians killed and 15 wounded in another Israeli attack on the Nuseirat refugee camp in Gaza |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/9/16/israel-war-on-gaza-live-children-among-10-killed-in-gaza-city-attacks |access-date=16 September 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref> On 21 September, an Israeli air strike on Zeitoun school in Gaza City killed at least 21 Palestinians.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Rowlands |first1=Lyndal |last2=Rasheed |first2= Zaheena |last3=Jamal |first3=Urooba | last4=Siddiqui |first4=Usaid |date=23 September 2024 |title=Most victims of Saturday's school attack were women and children: Rights group |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/9/23/israels-war-on-gaza-live-israel-reportedly-planning-north-gaza-siege |access-date=23 September 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=It said 13 children and six women were among the 21 Palestinians killed in the assault. Health officials said earlier that 22 people had been killed. Euro-Med, which sent a field and legal team to the site of the attack, said the victims included a woman who was three months pregnant. At least 30 others were wounded, including nine children who had to have their legs amputated.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Israeli attack on Gaza school sheltering displaced Palestinians kills 22 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/9/21/several-killed-in-israeli-attack-on-gaza-school-sheltering-displaced-palestinians |access-date=21 September 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=21 September 2024 |title=IDF says airstrike targeted Hamas command room in a Gaza school; Palestinians say 10 killed |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/idf-says-drone-strike-targeted-hamas-command-room-in-a-gaza-school-palestinians-say-10-killed/ |access-date=21 September 2024 |work=The Times of Israel}}</ref> On 23 September, an Israeli air strike in Nuseirat refugee camp killed 11 Palestinians.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Najjar |first=Farah |date=24 September 2024 |title=Fourteen Palestinians killed in Israeli strikes on central Gaza Strip |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/9/24/israel-attacks-lebanon-live-global-calls-for-restraint-as-492-killed |access-date=24 September 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=Eleven people have been killed in an Israeli air raid on the Nuseirat refugee camp in the central Gaza Strip, the Palestinian Civil Defence has said.}}</ref> On 25 September, Israel returned 88 bodies to Gaza in a container truck, providing no information about the names, ages, or location where the victims had been killed. Health officials at Nasser Hospital refused to bury the bodies until they were identified.<ref>{{Cite web |date=25 September 2024 |title=Israel sends unidentified bodies to Gaza as Palestinian officials demand answers |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/israel-unidentified-bodies-war-gaza-palestinians-answers-rcna172645 |access-date=28 September 2024 |website=NBC News |language=en}}</ref> On 26 September, an Israeli strike on a school-turned-shelter in [[Jabalia]] killed at least 15 Palestinians.<ref>{{Cite news |date=26 September 2024 |title=Death toll from Israeli airstrike on Jabalia school surges to 15 |url=https://english.wafa.ps/Pages/Details/149667 |access-date=26 September 2024 |work=[[Wafa]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mohamed |first=Edna |date=26 September 2024 |title=Israel's military confirms attack on Jabalia school |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/9/26/israel-attacks-lebanon-live-72-killed-in-latest-wave-of-israeli-attacks |access-date=26 September 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=Israel's military claims the Hafsa al-Faluja School in Gaza's Jabalia that it targeted was being used as a Hamas "command and control centre". Without sharing any evidence, the military said it targeted Hamas members who had previously planned attacks against Israel.}}</ref> On 30 September, Israeli forces bombed two houses on the Nuseirat camp, killing at least 13 people.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 September 2024 |title=At least 11 killed in Israeli attack on central Gaza |url=https://aje.io/ohd77t?update=3212664 |website=Al Jazeera}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mccready |first=Alastair |date=1 October 2024 |title=Death toll rises following Israeli attack in central Gaza |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/1/israel-attacks-lebanon-live-israelis-launch-ground-operation-in-lebanon |access-date=1 October 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=At least 13 people are now confirmed killed, including women and children, following an attack on two houses in the Nuseirat refugee camp in central Gaza, the Wafa news agency reports. Dozens of people have also been injured in the attack, which struck homes belonging to the Abu Ataya and Abu Shamis families in the Nuseirat camp.}}</ref>
 
On 1 October, Israeli forces destroyed many residential buildings in the southern part of Khan Yunis, killing at least 12 members of a Palestinian family.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=McCready |first1=Alastair |last2=Siddiqui |first2=Usaid |date=2 October 2024 |title=As Israel steps us Gaza attacks, parents of killed children 'crying hearts out' |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/1/israels-war-on-gaza-israel-says-it-will-respond-to-iran-missile-attacks |access-date=2 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=The attacks included a limited ground incursion of the southern part of Khan Younis where the army destroyed a group of residential buildings. At least 12 members of a family were killed.}}</ref> On 2 October, the bodies of over 30 Palestinians and several other injured people were found following withdrawal of Israeli forces after several hours of ground assault in Khan Yunus.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=McCready |first1=Alastair |last2=Siddiqui |first2=Usaid |date=2 October 2024 |title=Dozens of Palestinians killed, wounded in south Gaza |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/1/israels-war-on-gaza-israel-says-it-will-respond-to-iran-missile-attacks |access-date=2 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=The bodies of more than 30 people – including women and children – were recovered after Israeli forces withdrew from Khan Younis following a ground assault that lasted for several hours. Saleh al-Hams, head of the nursing department at the European Gaza Hospital, said dozens of dead and wounded people were brought to his facility and Nasser Hospital from 3am (00:00 GMT).}}</ref> On 6 October, [[October 2024 Deir al-Balah mosque bombing|Israeli airstrikes on Shuhada al-Aqsa mosque]] in [[Deir el-Balah]] and the Ibn Rushd school in central Gaza killed at least 26 Palestinians and more than 93 others were injured.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Davidson |first=Helen |date=6 October 2024 |title=Middle East crisis live: heavy Israeli airstrikes hit Beirut as up to 18 reported killed in attack on Gaza mosque |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2024/oct/06/middle-east-crisis-live-heavy-israeli-airstrikes-hit-beirut-as-up-to-18-reported-killed-in-attack-on-gaza-mosque?CMP=share_btn_url&page=with:block-6701f5088f0818b7c81cd78e#block-6701f5088f0818b7c81cd78e |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Mccready |first1=Alastair |last2=Rasheed |first2=Zaheena |date=6 October 2024 |title=Death toll rises to 21 in Israeli attack on Gaza mosque |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/6/live-israel-carries-out-very-violent-bombing-campaign-on-beirut |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=Al Jazeera Arabic is reporting that at least 21 people are now confirmed dead following Israel's attack on the mosque in Deir el-Balah. Israel's military bombed the mosque, which was sheltering many displaced Palestinians, claiming it was being used as a Hamas "command and control complex". It offered no evidence for these claims.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Mccready |first1=Alastair |last2=Rasheed |first2=Zaheena |date=6 October 2024 |title=At least 24 Palestinians killed, 93 wounded in Israeli attacks on Gaza mosque, school |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/6/live-israel-carries-out-very-violent-bombing-campaign-on-beirut |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=Gaza's Government Media Office accused Israeli forces of committing "two brutal massacres" overnight by bombing a mosque and a school-turned-shelter and killing at least 24 Palestinians. Some 93 others were wounded in the attacks in central Gaza, it said on Telegram. The targeted buildings were identified as Al Aqsa Martyrs Mosque and the Ibn Rushd School. Both were housing hundreds of displaced people, the media office said.}}</ref> An Israeli airstrike on a home in northern Gaza killed 10 Palestinians.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Uras |first1=Umut |last2=Milisic |first2=Alma |date=6 October 2024 |title='We will not leave northern Gaza' |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/6/live-israel-carries-out-very-violent-bombing-campaign-on-beirut |access-date=6 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=In one air strike, 10 people were killed in one house and five others in another.}}</ref> On 6 October, Palestinian journalist Hassan Hamad was killed in an airstrike on his home after receiving threats from an Israeli officer over Whatsapp saying that if he didn't stop filming, "we'll come for you next and turn your family into [...] This is your last warning."<ref>{{Cite news |title=Palestinian journalist, 19, killed in Israeli raid after receiving threats |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/6/palestinian-journalist-19-killed-in-israeli-raid-after-receiving-threats |access-date=2024-10-12 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en}}</ref> On 14 October, video of a fire at a tent camp outside Al-Aqsa Martyrs Hospital showed a person burning alive in the flames, and at least four others were killed.<ref name=":NBC News" /> On 15 October, an Israeli air strike on a home in the Bani Suhaila neighbourhood of Khan Yunis killed at least 10 people.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Rowlands |first1=Lyndal |last2=Regencia |first2=Ted |date=2024-10-15 |title=At least 14 killed in twin Israeli strikes near Gaza's Khan Younis, Nuseirat camp |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/15/live-israeli-army-planting-explosives-in-jabalia-amid-siege-of-north-gaza |access-date=2024-10-15 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=At least 10 people were killed an undetermined number of others injured in an Israeli air strike that targeted a house in the Bani Suhaila neighbourhood east of Khan Younis, according to our Al Jazeera team in Gaza.}}</ref> On 11 September, an Israeli air strike on a residential building in southern Gaza killed at least 10 people.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Jamal |first1=Urooba |last2=Uras |first2=Umut |date=2024-10-15 |title=Family of 10 killed in Israel attack in southern Gaza |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/15/live-israeli-army-planting-explosives-in-jabalia-amid-siege-of-north-gaza |access-date=2024-10-15 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=At least 10 people from one family were killed with many others wounded in an air strike by Israeli forces on southern Gaza. The attack happened on residential building while people were sleeping. Casualties were transferred to Nasser Hospital in Khan Younis city.}}</ref> On 17 October, an Israeli air strike on a residential building in the [[Maghazi refugee camp]] killed at least 10 people, including women and children.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Gostoli |first1=Ylenia |last2=Mohamed |first2=Edna |date=2024-10-17 |title=Nine people killed in Israeli air raid on Gaza's Maghazi refugee camp: Report |url=https://aje.io/rc8nyq?update=3253784 |access-date=2024-10-17 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=At least nine people, including women and children, have been killed during an Israeli air attack on a residential building in the Maghazi refugee camp in central Gaza, according to Palestinian news agency Wafa.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Adler |first1=Nils |last2=Pietromarchi |first2=Virginia |date=2024-10-17 |title=Death toll from Israeli strike on Maghazi camp rises to 10 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/17/live-food-running-out-dozens-buried-in-gazas-jabalia-amid-israeli-siege |access-date=2024-10-17 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=At least 10 Palestinians have been killed in the Israeli air strike on a house that belonged to the Talibani family in the Maghazi camp in central, the Palestinian Civil Defence says.}}</ref> On 18 October, an Israeli strike on a home in the [[Maghazi refugee camp]] killed 11 people and left several people missing and trapped under the rubble.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Uras |first=Umut |date=2024-10-19 |title=Death toll from Israeli attack on Maghazi refugee camp rises to 11 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/19/live-israeli-attack-kills-at-least-33-in-north-gazas-jabalia-refugee-camp |access-date=2024-10-19 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=We reported earlier that five people were killed in an overnight attack by Israel's military on a house in the Maghazi refugee camp in central Gaza's Deir el-Balah. The number of dead has now risen to 11 with more people missing and believed to be trapped under the rubble of the destroyed home, which belonged to the Shana'a family, Palestine’s state news agency Wafa reports.}}</ref>
 
==== Second battle of Jabalia (5 October – present) ====
On 6 October, Israeli forces bombarded [[Jabalia refugee camp]], killing 17 people including nine children.<ref>{{Cite news |first1=Alastair |last1=Mccready |first2=Zaheena |last2=Rasheed |first3=Umut |last3=Uras |first4=Alma |last4=Milisic |first5=Maziar |last5=Motamedi |first6=Virginia |last6=Pietromarchi |date=6 October 2024 |title=9 children among at least 17 killed in Israeli strikes on Jabalia |url=https://aje.io/ccgt4y?update=3226445 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] }}</ref> On 8 October, the IDF began to [[Second battle of Jabalia|encircle Jabalia camp]] and said it had killed about 20 Palestinian militants in air strikes and street battles. Casualties also included at least seven Palestinian civilians including women and children.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Kouddous |first=Sharif Abdel |title=As Israel Launches Massive Attack in Northern Gaza, Hospital Director Defies Israeli Evacuation Order |url=https://www.dropsitenews.com/p/northern-gaza-kamal-adwan-hospital-director-defies-israeli-order |access-date=10 October 2024 |website=Drop Site News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Rasheed |first1=Zaheena |last2=Regencia |first2=Ted |last3=Uras |first3=Umut |date=8 October 2024 |title=Dozens of bodies on Jabalia's streets with heavy combat ongoing |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/8/live-israel-kills-dozens-in-gaza-as-palestinians-mark-one-year-of-war |access-date=8 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=The Israeli military said it killed about 20 Palestinian fighters in air strikes and street battles in Jabali. At least seven civilians, including women and children, were also killed in the besieged camp, sources from the nearby Kamal Adwan Hospital said.}}</ref> On 9 October, an Israeli strike on Al-Yemen Al-Saeed Hospital in Jabalia camp killed at least 15 people.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Doyle |first1=Kevin |last2=Rasheed |first2=Zaheena |last3=Pietromarchi |first3=Virginia |last4=Motamedi |first4=Maziar |last5=Adler |first5=Nils |date=10 October 2024 |title=What is Jabalia refugee camp and how has it been targeted by Israeli forces? |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/9/live-israel-hits-lebanons-beirut-bekaa-valley-gaza-deaths-near-42000 |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=At least 15 people have been killed by an Israeli strike on Al-Yemen Al-Saeed Hospital in Gaza's Jabalia refugee camp, according to the Palestinian Health Ministry.}}</ref> On 10 October, the IDF issued evacuation orders for three hospitals in northern Gaza, threatening that they would meet "the same fate as al-Shifa hospital, with destruction, killing and arrest."<ref name=":1" /> An attack near [[Kamal Edwan Hospital]] and in an evacuation centre in the western part of [[Jabalia]] killed at least 16 people.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Mccready |first1=Alastair |last2=Rasheed |first2=Zaheena |date=10 October 2024 |title=Israeli forces delivering 'knock-out punch' in northern Gaza |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/10/live-israel-kills-medics-in-lebanon-as-siege-on-north-gaza-enters-6th-day |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=Some 64 people have been killed, 47 of them in Jabalia town and Jabalia refugee camp after the Israeli military attacked the vicinity of Kamal Adwan Hospital as well an evacuation centre located in the western part of Jabalia town. That attack killed at least 16 people.}}</ref> An [[October 2024 Rufaida school attack|Israeli strike on Rufaida school]] which was serving as a shelter for displaced people in Deir el-Balah killed at least 28 people and injured 54 others.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Israeli strike on Gaza school-turned-shelter kills 28, medics say |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ce9jm4ggjgyo |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=[[BBC News]] |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Motamedi |first1=Maziar |last2=Gostoli |first2=Ylenia |date=10 October 2024 |title=PRCS says death toll from shelter attack has risen to 27 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/10/live-israel-kills-medics-in-lebanon-as-siege-on-north-gaza-enters-6th-day?update=3236193 |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote="Palestine Red Crescent teams responded to 27 fatalities and 54 injuries following the Israeli occupation army's targeting of Rafida School, located near the Palestine Red Crescent Society headquarters in Deir Al-Balah," PRCS said on X.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Motamedi |first1=Maziar |last2=Gostoli |first2=Ylenia |date=10 October 2024 |title=Women and children among the victims in Deir el-Balah attack |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/10/live-israel-kills-medics-in-lebanon-as-siege-on-north-gaza-enters-6th-day?update=3236193 |access-date=10 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=Israeli claims Hamas has been using civilian shelters for Gaza's war-displaced as "command and control centres". Hospital officials say, however, the vast majority of victims in the latest Israeli strike in central Deir el-Balah are women, children, and young men.}}</ref> The IDF said that an Israeli airstrike on a Hamas base in Jabaliya killed at least 12 Hamas and PIJ commanders.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=The IDF Air Force struck a Hamas command-and-control site previously used as a medical center in Jabaliya on October 10. [28] The IDF reported that at least 12 Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) commanders were killed in the strike. [29] |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/iran-update-october-10-2024 |access-date=11 October 2024 |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |language=en}}</ref> On 11 October, Israeli fighter jets struck a multistory apartment block in [[Jabalia]] killing 22 people, injuring 90 and trapping 14 under the rubble.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=McCready |first1=Alastair |last2=Uras |first2=Umut |last3=Motamedi |first3=Maziar |last4=Adler |first4=Nils |last5=Pietromarchi |first5=Virginia |date=12 October 2024 |title=Death toll rises in Jabalia attack, more killed in strike on Gaza City |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/11/live-israel-hits-centre-of-lebanons-beirut-intensifies-north-gaza-siege |access-date=12 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=At least 22 people are now confirmed dead as a result of an Israeli air strike in Jabalia, northern Gaza, according to the Wafa news agency. We previously reported that Israeli fighter jets bombed a multistorey apartment block in Jabalia, hitting four inhabited homes. Women, children and elderly are among the dead, while 30 more are injured, and 14 people are still missing under the rubble, according to Wafa.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Motamedi |first1=Maziar |last2=Uras |first2=Umut |date=12 October 2024 |title=In a statement on Saturday, Hamas condemned what it described as Israeli "Nazi occupation's massacres" that targeted a residential area in Jabalia late on Friday, killing at least 22 people and wounded more than 90. |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/12/live-israel-targets-un-in-south-lebanon-turns-northern-gaza-to-ruins |access-date=12 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=}}</ref> The IDF said that it killed 20 Hamas militants in the Jabalia refugee camp in the past 24 hours.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Uras |first1=Umut |last2=Pietromarchi |first2=Virginia |date=2024-10-12 |title=Israeli army says it killed 20 Hamas fighters |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/12/live-israel-targets-un-in-south-lebanon-turns-northern-gaza-to-ruins |access-date=2024-10-12 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=The Israeli army has said in a statement it killed 20 Hamas fighters in the past 24 hours in Gaza's Jabalia refugee camp. The army added it killed so far about 200 fighters in the area, without specifying the timeframe. The statement also said the army killed an unspecified number of fighters in the southern city of Rafah.}}</ref> Israeli tank shelling on a school which serves as shelter for displaced people in Nuseirat killed at least 22 people and injured 80 others.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pietromarchi |first=Virginia |date=2024-10-14 |title=Death toll goes up in Israeli attack on Gaza shelter |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/13/live-israeli-siege-of-north-gaza-kills-200-lebanon-death-toll-hits-1645 |access-date=2024-10-14 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=Gaza’s Government Media Office is now reporting that the death toll in Israeli attacks on a school sheltering displaced Palestinians has gone up to 22. Another 80 people were wounded in the attack, it added.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Pietromarchi |first=Virginia |date=2024-10-14 |title=At least 13 Palestinians killed in Israeli attack on Gaza shelter |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/13/live-israeli-siege-of-north-gaza-kills-200-lebanon-death-toll-hits-1645 |access-date=2024-10-14 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=We’re getting reports that at least 13 Palestinians have been killed and several wounded in an Israeli tank shelling of a school sheltering displaced Palestinians in Nuseirat, central Gaza.}}</ref> On 14 October Israeli air strikes on a food distribution centre in Jabalia camp killed 10 people and injured at least 30.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Jamal |first1=Urooba |last2=Uras |first2=Umut |date=14 October 2024 |title=10 killed, at least 30 injured at food distribution centre in Jabalia |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/14/live-22-dead-80-wounded-as-israeli-army-shells-gaza-school-shelter |access-date=14 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=Palestinian medics report 10 people were killed and at least 30 wounded in Israeli air attacks on a food distribution centre in the besieged Jabalia refugee camp in northern Gaza. Casualties included women and children.}}</ref> On 15 October, Israeli strikes in the vicinity of al-Faluja in Jabalia refugee camp killed at least 11 people.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Jamal |first1=Urooba |last2=Uras |first2=Umut |date=15 October 2024 |title=The latest on deadly Israeli attacks on Gaza |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/15/live-israeli-army-planting-explosives-in-jabalia-amid-siege-of-north-gaza |access-date=15 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=Palestinian health officials said at least 11 people were killed by Israeli fire near al-Faluja in Jabalia, the largest of Gaza’s eight historic refugee camps.}}</ref> On 17 October, [[October 2024 Abu Hussein school attack|Israeli strikes on the UNRWA-run Abu Hussein school]] serving as a shelter for displaced people in Jabalia killed at least 28 people and injured 160 others.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Gostoli |first1=Ylenia |last2=Mohamed |first2=Edna |date=17 October 2024 |title=Death toll from Israel's school attack in Gaza's Jabalia rises |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/17/live-food-running-out-dozens-buried-in-gazas-jabalia-amid-israeli-siege |access-date=17 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=According to Gaza’s government media office, 28 Palestinians have been confirmed killed, while 160 others were wounded.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Gostoli |first1=Ylenia |last2=Mohamed |first2=Edna |date=17 October 2024 |title=At least 15 people killed in Israeli attack in Jabalia |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/newnews/liveblog/2024/10/17/live-food-running-out-dozens-buried-in-gazas-jabalia-amid-israeli-siege |access-date=17 October 2024 |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |language=en |quote=Reporting from Deir el Balah, Al Jazeera’s Hani Mahmoud said about 15 people have been killed, with the majority of casualties children and women, according to journalist Moath Kahlout, who is at Kamal Adwan Hospital in the northern Gaza Strip.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Gostoli |first1=Ylenia |last2=Mohamed |first2=Edna |date=2024-10-17 |title=Israeli military says Jabalia school air raid a 'precise strike' |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/17/live-food-running-out-dozens-buried-in-gazas-jabalia-amid-israeli-siege |access-date=2024-10-17 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=The Israeli military has provided the names of 12 fighters that it claims were at the site of an air raid that hit a school-turned-shelter in Jabalia, killing at least 19 people. The army said in a statement on Telegram it had conducted a “precise strike on an operational meeting” for Hamas and Islamic Jihad (PIJ). “These terrorists were involved in rocket attacks against Israeli territory, as well as in planning and committing terrorist attacks against IDF troops and the state of Israel in recent days,” it said, without providing evidence.}}</ref> The IDF said that its air force killed dozens of militants in Jabalia on that day.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Uras |first=Umut |last2=Gadzo |first2=Mersiha |date=2024-10-18 |title=Israeli warplanes attack 150 targets in Gaza, Lebanon in one day: Military |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/18/live-israel-says-hamas-chief-yahya-sinwar-killed-war-on-gaza-to-continue |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=Israel’s military said its air force carried out an estimated 150 attacks on sites in the Gaza Strip and in Lebanon on Thursday, including munitions warehouses, rocket launch sites, and sniper and observation posts. Attacks by the air force on Thursday in Jabalia had “eliminated dozens of terrorists”, the military added.}}</ref> On 18 October, an Israeli air strike on several houses in the vicinity of the Nassar Junction in Jabalia refugee camp killed 33 people, injured 85 others and trapped several others under the rubble.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mccready |first=Alastair |last2=Uras |first2=Umut |last3=Gadzo |first3=Mersiha |last4=Adler |first4=Nils |date=2024-10-19 |title=Al-Awda Hospital overwhelmed after Israeli military raid on Jabalia |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/18/live-israel-says-hamas-chief-yahya-sinwar-killed-war-on-gaza-to-continue?update=3255778 |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=Dr Mohamad Salha spoke to Al Jazeera from al-Awda Hospital in the north of the Gaza Strip, where he is treating people who were injured in the newest Israeli raid on Jabalia, which killed at least 33 people. He said as many as 70 people, the majority of whom are women and children, are being treated at the hospital but that there are many still trapped under the rubble.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mccready |first=Alastair |date=2024-10-19 |title=Israeli military attacks house in Jabalia camp, killing at least 4 |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/19/live-israeli-attack-kills-at-least-33-in-north-gazas-jabalia-refugee-camp |access-date=2024-10-19 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=Earlier, we reported an Israeli attack on several houses near the Nassar Junction in the Jabalia camp that killed at least 33 Palestinians, including 21 women, and wounded dozens. More people remain under the rubble.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-18 |title=Israeli strikes kill 33 people in Jabalia refugee camp in Gaza, medics say |url=https://www.afr.com/world/middle-east/israeli-strikes-kill-33-people-in-jabalia-refugee-camp-in-gaza-medics-say-20241019-p5kjm0 |access-date=2024-10-19|agency=[[Reuters]] |website=Australian Financial Review |language=en}}</ref>
 
==== Killing of Yahya Sinwar ====
On 16 October, IDF ground forces [[Killing of Yahya Sinwar|killed]] Yahya Sinwar in a shootout in [[Tel al-Sultan refugee camp|Tal as-Sultan]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2024/oct/17/middle-east-crisis-live-updates-israel-iran-lebanon-gaza-war |title=Middle East crisis live: Israeli army says it is 'checking possibility' it killed Hamas chief Yahya Sinwar|work=The Guardian |last1=Livingstone |first1=Helen |last2=Chao-Fong |first2=Léonie |last3=Sedghi |first3=Amy |last4=Clinton |first4=Jane |last5=Wen |first5=Philip }}</ref> The conscript soldiers who participated in the shootout were not initially aware that one of the militants they had killed was Sinwar, and he was identified the following day by his dental records.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.ynetnews.com/article/byvkyjak1e|title=Sinwar's body identified by dental records: Meet the soldiers who took him down|first1=Liran|last1=Tamari|first2=Yoav|last2=Zitun|first3=Itamar|last3=Eichner|date=17 October 2024|newspaper=Ynetnews}}</ref> Sinwar's death while participating in ground battles alongside a small group of militants ran counter to the Israeli defense establishment's assumptions that he would be hiding underground, surrounded by hostages. There were no hostages in Sinwar's vicinity at the time of his death,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Borger |first=Julian |date=2024-10-17 |title=Israel kills its prime target – but Sinwar's death seems down to chance, not precise planning |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/oct/17/israel-idf-prime-target-yahya-sinwar-death-hamas |access-date=2024-10-17 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> and no civilian casualties were reported.<ref>{{Cite web |title=IDF investigates if Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar was eliminated in Gaza |url=https://www.israelhayom.com/2024/10/17/idf-investigates-if-hamas-leader-yahya-sinwar-was-eliminated-in-gaza/ |access-date=2024-10-17 |website=Israel Hayom}}</ref> Hamas also confirmed his death the next day.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Uras |first=Umut |last2=Gadzo |first2=Mersiha |date=2024-10-18 |title=Hamas confirms leader Sinwar killed in Gaza |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/liveblog/2024/10/18/live-israel-says-hamas-chief-yahya-sinwar-killed-war-on-gaza-to-continue |access-date=2024-10-18 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en |quote=Hamas chief Yahya Sinwar was killed by Israeli forces, Khalil Hayya, head of Hamas in Gaza, has confirmed.}}</ref>
Joe Biden urged Israel to end the war citing victory as a result of Sinwar's death.<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2024 |title=Biden tells Israel to use Sinwar’s death as ‘opportunity’ to end war |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/10/18/biden-israel-sinwar-death-cease-fire-talks-00184344 |access-date=18 October 2024 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref>▼
 
▲Joe Biden urged Israel to end the war citing victory as a result of Sinwar's death.<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 October 2024 |title=Biden tells Israel to use Sinwar’s death as ‘opportunity’ to end war |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/10/18/biden-israel-sinwar-death-cease-fire-talks-00184344 |access-date=18 October 2024 |work=[[Politico]]}}</ref>
<!-- This section is not a timeline of the war, but intended to be a summary of the event. Please only add summarised content to this section per talk page consensus. -->
 
== Other confrontations ==
{{main |Spillover of the Israel–Hamas war}}
Hezbollah in southern Lebanon and the [[Houthi movement]] in Yemen have launched limited attacks against Israel, raising fears of a wider regional military conflict. Iranian-backed militias in Iraq and Syria have also traded attacks with the US and IDF.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news||last=Fassihi |first=Farnaz |date=1 November 2023 |title=After Years of Vowing to Destroy Israel, Iran Faces a Dilemma |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/01/world/middleeast/iran-israel-hamas.html |access-date=10 November 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=9 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109212343/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/01/world/middleeast/iran-israel-hamas.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Israel has bombed targets in and around [[Damascus]] throughout the war,<ref name="Reuters-2023">{{Cite web |date=12 October 2023 |title=Syria says Israeli missiles hit Damascus, Aleppo airports |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/syria-state-tv-says-israeli-attack-targets-aleppo-damascus-airports-2023-10-12/ |website=Reuters}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=20 January 2024 |title=An Israeli airstrike on the Syrian capital killed at least 5 Iranian advisers, officials say |url=https://apnews.com/article/syria-israel-airstrike-mazzeh-damascus-f430cd6442cbef81b2cbf25711b3ebc0 |access-date=14 April 2024 |website=AP News}}</ref><ref name="AP News-2024">{{Cite web |date=21 February 2024 |title=State media say an Israeli strike kills 2 in a Damascus residential area. Another kills 2 in Lebanon |url=https://apnews.com/article/syria-damascus-airstrike-israel-kfar-sousseh-d74303092387a91d8582d3810ee49c8a |access-date=14 April 2024 |website=AP News}}</ref> with an attack on the Iranian embassy in Damascus on 1 April leading to a direct Iranian response.<ref name="Tanyos-2024" /> Iran launched a series of [[April 2024 Iranian strikes against Israel|retaliatory airstrikes]] on Israel.<ref name="Tanyos-2024" /><ref name="CNN-2024" /> Over 100 Palestinians have been killed in confrontations with Israeli soldiers and settlers in the West Bank since 7 October. Settler violence has been heavily criticized by the IDF.<ref name="Tharoor-2023">{{#invoke:cite news||date=31 October 2023 |title=As Israel pummels Gaza, the crisis in the West Bank comes into focus |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |first=Ishaan |last=Tharoor |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/31/west-bank-violence-settler-crisis-gaza-israel-palestine/ |access-date=29 November 2023 |archive-date=24 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231124212809/http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/10/31/west-bank-violence-settler-crisis-gaza-israel-palestine/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite news||date=9 November 2023 |script-title=he:"האלימות של המתנחלים ביו"ש מפריעה לצה"ל. חייבים להבין, זה עלול להביא להסלמה שתוביל לפתיחת עוד זירה" |trans-title=The violence of the settlers in Yosh disturbs the IDF. We must understand, this may lead to an escalation that will lead to the opening of another arena |url=https://www.ynet.co.il/news/article/sys11f009qa |access-date=14 November 2023 |work=[[ynet]] |language=he |last1=שלום |first1=עודד |last2=לשבת" |first2="מוסף}}</ref>
 
=== West Bank and Israel ===
Line 342 ⟶ 341:
[[File:2023 Israel–Hamas war - West Bank.svg|thumb|West Bank sector of war<br />{{Legend |#e71313ff|West Bank [[Palestinian enclaves]] ([[West Bank Areas in the Oslo II Accord|Areas A & B]])}} {{Legend|#0038b8ff|West Bank under Israeli control ([[Area C (West Bank)|Area C]])}}{{Legend|#13e7dbff|Israeli-annexed [[Jerusalem]]/[[East Jerusalem]]}}]]
 
Amnesty International released a report<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/02/shocking-spike-in-use-of-unlawful-lethal-force-by-israeli-forces-against-palestinians-in-the-occupied-west-bank/|title=Spike in Israeli lethal force against Palestinians in Occupied West Bank|date=5 February 2024|website=Amnesty International|access-date=5 February 2024|archive-date=5 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205145134/https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2024/02/shocking-spike-in-use-of-unlawful-lethal-force-by-israeli-forces-against-palestinians-in-the-occupied-west-bank/|url-status=live}}</ref> on 5 February 2024 stating that Israel is carrying out unlawful killings in the West Bank and displaying "a chilling disregard for Palestinian lives" and that Israeli forces are carrying out numerous illegal acts of violence that constitute clear violations of international law.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/2/5/impunity-amnesty-international-details-israeli-violence-in-west-bank |title=Israel's 'chilling disregard' for life in occupied West Bank: Amnesty |work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]] |access-date=5 February 2024 |archive-date=5 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240205145147/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/2/5/impunity-amnesty-international-details-israeli-violence-in-west-bank |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2024/02/06/world/israel-hamas-war-gaza-news |title=Mideast Crisis: In Gaza's Crowded South, Many Fear a New Israeli Ground Push |first=Adam |last=Rasgon |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=6 February 2024 |access-date=6 February 2024|archive-date=6 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240206142632/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2024/02/06/world/israel-hamas-war-gaza-news |url-status=live}}</ref>
 
Even before the war, 2023 was the deadliest year for Palestinians in the Israeli-occupied West Bank in 20 years. Violence in the West Bank has increased since the war began with more than 607 Palestinians and over 25 Israelis killed.<ref>{{Cite news |date=27 August 2024 |title=Israeli settlements surge amidst Gaza war |url=https://www.channel4.com/news/israeli-settlements-surge-amidst-gaza-war |work=[[Channel 4 News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Solomon |first=Erika |date=28 August 2024 |title=Jenin, a Target of Israeli Raids, Is Symbol of Palestinian Opposition and Militancy |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/28/world/middleeast/jenin-west-bank-history-israel-palestinians.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> At the same time, [[Israeli settler violence]] further increased to around 1,270 attacks, against 856 for all of 2022.<ref name="Knell & Luckhurst">{{Cite news |last1=Knell |first1=Yolande |last2=Luckhurst |first2=Toby |date=27 August 2024 |title=Under cover of war, extremists are seizing Palestinian land – they hope permanently |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c624qr3mqrzo |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> About 1,000 Palestinians have been forcibly displaced by settlers since 7 October and almost half of clashes have included "Israeli forces accompanying or actively supporting Israeli settlers while carrying out the attacks" according to a U.N. report.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news||last1=Abi-Habib |first1=Maria |last2=Nazzal |first2=Rami |date=30 October 2023 |title=Settler Violence Against Palestinians in the West Bank Is Rising |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/30/world/middleeast/west-bank-settlers-palestinians-violence.html}}</ref> According to the West Bank Protection Consortium, which is funded by the European Union, since the 7 October attacks six Palestinian communities have been abandoned due to the violence.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news||last=Loveluck |first=Louisa |date=9 November 2023 |title=Settler violence is erasing Palestinian communities in the West Bank |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/11/09/west-bank-israel-settlers-violence/ |access-date=10 November 2023 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref>
Line 364 ⟶ 363:
On 28 August, Israel launched [[2024 Israeli military operation in the northern West Bank|the largest military operation]] into the northern West Bank in more than 20 years. Israeli Foreign Minister [[Israel Katz]] said that the operation was a "full-fledged war".<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/israel-west-bank-raids-occupied-west-bank-rcna168559 |title=Israeli operation in occupied West Bank leaves at least 10 dead in largest raid in decades |date=29 August 2024 |work=[[NBC News]]}}</ref> Israeli forces carried out simultaneous operations in Jenin, Tubas, Nablus, Ramallah and Tulkarem. In Jenin, Israeli forces devastated civilian infrastructure with anti-tank munitions and armored bulldozers, set fire to the Jenin farmers' market, and carried out mass arrests of men and boys. Civilians were trapped in their homes and denied access to food, water and medicine. Members of the press were denied access to the city while the operation was ongoing. Eyewitnesses also reported the use of Palestinian detainees as human shields and the use of attack dogs against civilian families. The army blocked access to hospitals and ambulances.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barghouti |first=Miriam |date=4 September 2024 |title=Inside the brutal siege of Jenin |url=https://www.972mag.com/jenin-operation-summer-camps/ |access-date=12 September 2024 |website=+972 Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> On 29 August, UN Secretary General [[Antonio Guterres]] demanded a halt to the operations.<ref>{{Cite news |first1=Alex |last1=Smith |first2=Mallory |last2=Moench |date=29 August 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cj4xl4pvn0yo |title=UN urges de-escalation as Israeli West Bank raids continue |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref> EU foreign policy chief [[Josep Borrell]] said the operations "must not constitute the premises of a war extension from Gaza, including full-scale destruction."<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/08/28/middleeast/israel-operation-west-bank-intl-hnk/index.html |title=Israel launches large-scale West Bank raid as minister calls for Gaza-style operation |first1=Kareem |last1=Khadder |first2=Abeer |last2=Salman |first3=Tamar |last3=Michaelis |first4=Christian |last4=Edwards |first5=Helen |last5=Regan |date=28 August 2024 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> On 3 September, Israeli media reported that the IDF had classified the West Bank as a "combat zone" and now viewed it as the second most important front in the war.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Israel to classify West Bank as 'combat zone' amid dramatic escalation |url=https://www.israelhayom.com/2024/09/03/israel-to-classify-west-bank-as-combat-zone-amid-dramatic-escalation/ |access-date=9 September 2024 |website=www.israelhayom.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/article/2024/sep/03/benjamin-netanyahu-putting-his-own-interests-before-israels-says-gantz |title=Benjamin Netanyahu putting his own interests before Israel's, says Gantz |first=Bethan |last=McKernan |date=3 September 2024 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> Yoav Gallant said that Israel was "[[Mowing the grass|mowing the lawn]]" with its West Bank operations, but that it would eventually need to "pull out the roots".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Fabian |first=Emanuel |date=4 September 2024 |title=Gallant: IDF 'mowing the lawn' with West Bank ops, but will eventually need to 'pull out the roots' |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/gallant-idf-mowing-the-lawn-with-west-bank-ops-but-will-eventually-need-to-pull-out-the-roots/ |work=[[The Times of Israel]]}}</ref> On 6 September, Turkish-American protestor [[Killing of Aysenur Eygi|Ayşenur Eygi was killed by an Israeli sniper]] at a demonstration near Nablus.<ref>{{Cite news |first1=Avery |last1=Schmitz |first2=Amanda |last2=Musa |first3=Lucas |last3=Lilieholm |first4=James |last4=Legge |date=7 September 2024 |title=Family of American killed in West Bank blames Israel for her death, demands independent investigation |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/09/07/middleeast/american-killed-west-bank-family-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=9 September 2024 |work=[[CNN]] |language=en}}</ref>
 
On 3 October, an Israeli [[Tulkarm camp airstrike|airstrike]] in [[Tulkarm Camp]] killed at least 20 people.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Palestinian Authority Says 16 Killed In Israeli Strike On West Bank Refugee Camp |url=https://www.barrons.com/amp/news/palestinian-authority-says-16-killed-in-israeli-strike-on-west-bank-refugee-camp-d02eadc5 |access-date=3 October 2024 |website=Barron's |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Israeli air attack on West Bank's Tulkarem camp kills at least 18: Ministry |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/10/3/israeli-air-attack-on-west-banks-tulkarem-camp-kills-at-least-18-ministry |access-date=4 October 2024 |website=Al Jazeera |language=en}}</ref>
 
====Israeli settlements====
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel–Hamas_war"