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'''Viktor Anatolyevich Bout''' ({{IPAc-en|b|uː|t}}; {{lang-ru|Виктор Анатольевич Бут}}; born 13 January 1967) is a Russian [[arms dealer]]. An entrepreneur and former [[Soviet military]] translator, he used his multiple companies to smuggle weapons starting during the [[collapse of the Soviet Union]] from [[Eastern Europe]] to [[Africa]] and the [[Middle East]] during the 1990s and early 2000s.<ref name="Economist" /><ref name="Bout FAQ">[http://www.victorbout.com/FAQ.htm Victor Bout's Personal Website, FAQ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607041502/http://www.victorbout.com/FAQ.htm |date=7 June 2009 }}. Victorbout.com.</ref><ref>{{cite news|first1=Duncan|last1=Campbell|first2=Ian |last2=MacKinnon|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/mar/07/thailand.russia|title='Lord of war' arms trafficker arrested|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|date=7 March 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170126102956/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/mar/07/thailand.russia |archive-date=26 January 2017 }}</ref> Bout gained the nicknames the "'''Merchant of Death'''" and "'''Sanctions Buster'''" after British government minister [[Peter Hain]] read a report to the [[United Nations]] in 2003 on Bout's wide-reaching operations, extensive clientele, and willingness to bypass [[embargo]]es.<ref name="Economist" /><ref name="Observer" /><ref name="BBC Profile">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7281885.stm "Viktor Bout"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080923092224/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7281885.stm |date=23 September 2008 }}. BBC Profile.</ref>
 
In a U.S. [[sting operation]], Bout was arrested on 6 March 2008 in [[Thailand]] on [[terrorism]] charges by the [[Royal Thai Police]] in cooperation with American authorities and [[Interpol]]. The [[List of ambassadors of the United States to Thailand|U.S. Ambassador to Thailand]] [[Eric G. John]] requested his [[extradition]] under the Extradition Act with Thailand, which was eventually mandated by the [[Supreme Court of Thailand|Thai High Court]] in August 2010.<ref name="Observer" /><ref name="Interpol1" /><ref name="extradition">[http://www.nationmultimedia.com/home/2010/09/01/opinion/Appeal-Court-verdict-on-the-extradition-of-Bout-30136994.html "Appeal Court verdict on the extradition of Bout"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100918055728/http://www.nationmultimedia.com/home/2010/09/01/opinion/Appeal-Court-verdict-on-the-extradition-of-Bout-30136994.html |date=18 September 2010 }}. ''The Nation'', 1 September 2010.</ref> Bout was accused of [[Intention (criminal law)|intending]] to sell arms to a U.S. [[DEA]] informer pretending to represent the [[Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia]] (FARC) for use against U.S. forces in [[Colombia]], but Bout denied the charges and predicted an [[acquittal]].<ref name="extradition" /><ref name="justice.gov">[https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2010/November/10-ag-1306.html Viktor Bout Extradited to the United States to Stand Trial on Terrorism Charges] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715095238/http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2010/November/10-ag-1306.html |date=15 July 2014 }} [[United States Department of Justice]] release, 17 November 2010.</ref><ref name="lead1" /><ref>{{cite news|first=Thomas|last=Fuller|date=20 August 2010|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/21/world/asia/21thai.html|title=Arms Suspect Vows to Win Case in U.S. After Extradition Order|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170508131254/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/21/world/asia/21thai.html |archive-date=8 May 2017|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref><ref>[http://newsru.com/russia/20aug2010/domoi.html Россия хочет заполучить "оружейного барона" Бута, которого отправляют на суд в США] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100823021908/http://www.newsru.com/russia/20aug2010/domoi.html |date=23 August 2010 }} [[NEWSru]], 20 August 2010.</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-11036569 Profile: Viktor Bout] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630115533/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-11036569 |date=30 June 2018 }} BBC News, 2 November 2011</ref>{{over-cite|date=December 2022}}