Tierra del Fuego National Park: Difference between revisions

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The subantarctic forest vegetation is dominated by tree species of [[Nothofagus dombeyi|Coihue]], Nires and [[Nothofagus pumilio|Lenga]] (a tree or shrub native to the [[Andes]] and also known as [[Lenga Beech]]) apart from a profusion of massbed.<ref name="DiosJulian2006"/> The flora that characterizes the "Andino-Patagonico" forests, the lenga, is well distributed over the mountain slopes above sea level to a height of {{Convert|600|m|abbr=on}}. Above {{Convert|600|m|abbr=on}} elevation, the flora consists of [[altoandina]] with small little bushes, plants ''en cojin'' and [[grass]]es.<ref name=Parque/>
 
[[IUCN]] has reported forests of southern beech species of ''[[Nothofagus pumilio]]'', ''[[Nothofagus antarctica|N. antarctica]]'' and ''[[Nothofagus betuloides|N. betuloides]]''. Other species include ''[[Berberis buxifolia]]'', ''[[Embothrium coccineum]]'', winter’s bark ''[[Drimys winteri]]'', and [[Crowberry]], ''[[Empetrum rubrum]]'' and [[moss]]es.<ref name=IUCN/> [[Magellan coihue]] (''coihue de Magallanes'') is found in the wettest parts of the Beagle channel coast of the park. Lenga is found in the Pipo River Valley and some parts of southern mountain slopes and may be thickly set and reach great heights.<ref name="McCarthyCarillet2009"/><ref name="Couzens2008">{{cite book|author=Dominic Couzens|title=Top 100 birding sites of the world|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=gJVLXG-LOcMC&pg=PA231|accessdate=30 March 2011|year=2008|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-25932-4|pages=231–}}</ref> [[Physalis alkekengi|Chinese lantern]], [[Parasitic plant|hemiparasite]] and ''Pande Indian'' or ''Llao Llao'', which are [[fungus|fungus parasites]], are found over the branches of the trees. [[Cinnamon]] is also reported in many small forest areas of the park.<ref name=Parque/> Peat bogs extensively found in the park. These are made up of [[sphagnum moss]] and [[aquatic grasse]]s in damp valleys where low temperatures and slow moving acidic waters prevent decomposition.<ref name="McCloskeyBurford2006"/>
 
The flower varieties found are [[Berberis microphylla|calafate]], [[Gaultheria mucronata|chaura]] and [[Berberis darwinii|michay]], which are orange coloured. [[Krummholz|Flag Tree]], [[Hydnellum peckii|Strawberry Devil]] and little [[fern]]s, yellow orchids and [[Luzuriagaceae|luzuriagas]] are seen in the understory of forest cover. Black bush, caulking, grill and [[Embothrium cocci]] with red tubular flowers are typically seen in the Beagle Channel coast and the western part of Lapataia Bay.<ref name=Parque/> Also found is the chocolate scented ''[[Nassauvia]]''.<ref name="GuidesHennessy1999">{{cite book|last1=Guides|first1=Insight|last2=Hennessy|first2=Huw|title=Argentina|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=WNOm_mfkxmYC&pg=PA334|accessdate=30 March 2011|date=November 1999|publisher=Langenscheidt Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-88729-031-2|page=334}}</ref>