Archipelago groups
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- by Gregory R. Conner, Wolfram Hojka and Mark Meilstrup
- Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 143 (2015), 4973-4988
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1090/proc/12609
- Published electronically: June 5, 2015
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Abstract:
The classical archipelago is a non-contractible subset of $\mathbb {R}^3$ which is homeomorphic to a disk except at one non-manifold point. Its fundamental group, $\mathscr {A}$, is the quotient of the topologist’s product of $\mathbb Z$, the fundamental group of the shrinking wedge of countably many copies of the circle (the Hawaiian earring), modulo the corresponding free product. We show $\mathscr {A}$ is locally free, not indicable, and has the rationals both as a subgroup and a quotient group. Replacing $\mathbb Z$ with arbitrary groups yields the notion of archipelago groups.
Surprisingly, every archipelago of countable groups is isomorphic to either $\mathscr {A}(\mathbb Z)$ or $\mathscr {A}(\mathbb Z_2)$, the cases where the archipelago is built from circles or projective planes respectively. We conjecture that these two groups are isomorphic and prove that for large enough cardinalities of $G_i$, $\mathscr {A}(G_i)$ is not isomorphic to either.
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Bibliographic Information
- Gregory R. Conner
- Affiliation: Department of Mathematics, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
- MR Author ID: 367870
- Email: conner@math.byu.edu
- Wolfram Hojka
- Affiliation: Institute for Analysis and Scientific Computation, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Email: w.hojka@gmail.com
- Mark Meilstrup
- Affiliation: Mathematics Department, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, Utah 84720
- Email: mark.meilstrup@gmail.com
- Received by editor(s): November 6, 2013
- Received by editor(s) in revised form: August 15, 2014
- Published electronically: June 5, 2015
- Additional Notes: This work was supported by the Simons Foundation Grant 246221 and by the Austrian Science Foundation FWF project S9612.
- Communicated by: Kevin Whyte
- © Copyright 2015 American Mathematical Society
- Journal: Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 143 (2015), 4973-4988
- MSC (2010): Primary 55Q20, 20E06; Secondary 57M30, 57M05, 20F05
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1090/proc/12609
- MathSciNet review: 3391054