Abstract
It has been known for some time that asymptotic parity invariance of weak interactions can provide a solution to the strong CP problem without the need for the axion. Left-right symmetric theories which employ a minimal Higgs sector consisting of a left-handed and a right-handed doublet is an example of such a theory wherein all fermion masses arise through a generalized seesaw mechanism. In this paper we present a way to understand the origin of matter-antimatter asymmetry as well as the dark matter content of the universe in these theories using the Affleck-Dine (AD) leptogenesis mechanism and inflaton decay, respectively. Three gauge singlet fermions are needed for this purpose, two of which help to implement the Dirac seesaw for neutrino masses while the third one becomes the non-thermal dark matter candidate. A soft lepton number breaking term involving the AD scalar field is used to generate lepton asymmetry which suffers no wash-out effects and maintains the Dirac nature of neutrinos. This framework thus provides a unified description of many of the unresolved puzzles of the standard model that require new physics.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
R.D. Peccei and H.R. Quinn, CP Conservation in the Presence of Instantons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 38 (1977) 1440 [INSPIRE].
S. Weinberg, A New Light Boson?, Phys. Rev. Lett. 40 (1978) 223 [INSPIRE].
F. Wilczek, Problem of Strong P and T Invariance in the Presence of Instantons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 40 (1978) 279 [INSPIRE].
J.E. Kim, Weak Interaction Singlet and Strong CP Invariance, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43 (1979) 103 [INSPIRE].
M.A. Shifman, A.I. Vainshtein and V.I. Zakharov, Can Confinement Ensure Natural CP Invariance of Strong Interactions?, Nucl. Phys. B 166 (1980) 493 [INSPIRE].
M. Dine, W. Fischler and M. Srednicki, A Simple Solution to the Strong CP Problem with a Harmless Axion, Phys. Lett. B 104 (1981) 199 [INSPIRE].
A.R. Zhitnitsky, On Possible Suppression of the Axion Hadron Interactions (in Russian), Sov. J. Nucl. Phys. 31 (1980) 260 [INSPIRE].
M. Kamionkowski and J. March-Russell, Planck scale physics and the Peccei-Quinn mechanism, Phys. Lett. B 282 (1992) 137 [hep-th/9202003] [INSPIRE].
R. Holman et al., Solutions to the strong CP problem in a world with gravity, Phys. Lett. B 282 (1992) 132 [hep-ph/9203206] [INSPIRE].
S.M. Barr and D. Seckel, Planck scale corrections to axion models, Phys. Rev. D 46 (1992) 539 [INSPIRE].
M.A.B. Beg and H.-S. Tsao, Strong P, T Noninvariances in a Superweak Theory, Phys. Rev. Lett. 41 (1978) 278 [INSPIRE].
R.N. Mohapatra and G. Senjanovic, Natural Suppression of Strong p and t Noninvariance, Phys. Lett. B 79 (1978) 283 [INSPIRE].
J.C. Pati and A. Salam, Lepton Number as the Fourth Color, Phys. Rev. D 10 (1974) 275 [INSPIRE].
R.N. Mohapatra and J.C. Pati, Left-Right Gauge Symmetry and an Isoconjugate Model of CP Violation, Phys. Rev. D 11 (1975) 566 [INSPIRE].
G. Senjanovic and R.N. Mohapatra, Exact Left-Right Symmetry and Spontaneous Violation of Parity, Phys. Rev. D 12 (1975) 1502 [INSPIRE].
R.N. Mohapatra and A. Rasin, Simple supersymmetric solution to the strong CP problem, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 (1996) 3490 [hep-ph/9511391] [INSPIRE].
R. Kuchimanchi, Solution to the strong CP problem: Supersymmetry with parity, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 (1996) 3486 [hep-ph/9511376] [INSPIRE].
R.N. Mohapatra and A. Rasin, A supersymmetric solution to CP problems, Phys. Rev. D 54 (1996) 5835 [hep-ph/9604445] [INSPIRE].
R.N. Mohapatra, A. Rasin and G. Senjanovic, P, C and strong CP in left-right supersymmetric models, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 (1997) 4744 [hep-ph/9707281] [INSPIRE].
R. Kuchimanchi, P/CP Conserving CP/P Violation Solves Strong CP Problem, Phys. Rev. D 82 (2010) 116008 [arXiv:1009.5961] [INSPIRE].
K.S. Babu, B. Dutta and R.N. Mohapatra, Solving the strong CP and the SUSY phase problems with parity symmetry, Phys. Rev. D 65 (2002) 016005 [hep-ph/0107100] [INSPIRE].
R. Kuchimanchi, P and CP solution of the strong CP puzzle, Phys. Rev. D 108 (2023) 095023 [arXiv:2306.03039] [INSPIRE].
K.S. Babu and R.N. Mohapatra, A Solution to the Strong CP Problem Without an Axion, Phys. Rev. D 41 (1990) 1286 [INSPIRE].
A. Davidson and K.C. Wali, Universal Seesaw Mechanism?, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59 (1987) 393 [INSPIRE].
Z.G. Berezhiani, The Weak Mixing Angles in Gauge Models with Horizontal Symmetry: A New Approach to Quark and Lepton Masses, Phys. Lett. B 129 (1983) 99 [INSPIRE].
J. Hisano, T. Kitahara, N. Osamura and A. Yamada, Novel loop-diagrammatic approach to QCD θ parameter and application to the left-right model, JHEP 03 (2023) 150 [arXiv:2301.13405] [INSPIRE].
Z.G. Berezhiani, R.N. Mohapatra and G. Senjanovic, Planck scale physics and solutions to the strong CP problem without axion, Phys. Rev. D 47 (1993) 5565 [hep-ph/9212318] [INSPIRE].
N. Craig, I. Garcia Garcia, G. Koszegi and A. McCune, P not PQ, JHEP 09 (2021) 130 [arXiv:2012.13416] [INSPIRE].
L.J. Hall and K. Harigaya, Higgs Parity Grand Unification, JHEP 11 (2019) 033 [arXiv:1905.12722] [INSPIRE].
D. Dunsky, L.J. Hall and K. Harigaya, Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter and Leptogenesis in Left-Right Higgs Parity, JHEP 01 (2021) 125 [arXiv:2007.12711] [INSPIRE].
R. Dcruz, Flavor Physics Constraints on Left-Right Symmetric Models with Universal Seesaw, arXiv:2301.10786 [INSPIRE].
R. Dcruz and K.S. Babu, Resolving W boson mass shift and CKM unitarity violation in left-right symmetric models with a universal seesaw mechanism, Phys. Rev. D 108 (2023) 095011 [arXiv:2212.09697] [INSPIRE].
K. Harigaya and I.R. Wang, Baryogenesis in a parity solution to the strong CP problem, JHEP 11 (2023) 189 [arXiv:2210.16207] [INSPIRE].
K.S. Babu and X.G. He, Dirac neutrino masses as two loop radiative corrections, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 4 (1989) 61 [INSPIRE].
K.S. Babu, X.-G. He, M. Su and A. Thapa, Naturally light Dirac and pseudo-Dirac neutrinos from left-right symmetry, JHEP 08 (2022) 140 [arXiv:2205.09127] [INSPIRE].
R.N. Mohapatra and Y. Zhang, TeV Scale Universal Seesaw, Vacuum Stability and Heavy Higgs, JHEP 06 (2014) 072 [arXiv:1401.6701] [INSPIRE].
M. Roncadelli and D. Wyler, Naturally Light Dirac Neutrinos in Gauge Theories, Phys. Lett. B 133 (1983) 325 [INSPIRE].
P. Roy and O.U. Shanker, Observable Neutrino Dirac Mass and Supergrand Unification, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52 (1984) 713 [Erratum ibid. 52 (1984) 2190] [INSPIRE].
P.-H. Gu and H.-J. He, Neutrino Mass and Baryon Asymmetry from Dirac Seesaw, JCAP 12 (2006) 010 [hep-ph/0610275] [INSPIRE].
E. Ma and R. Srivastava, Dirac or inverse seesaw neutrino masses from gauged B − L symmetry, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 30 (2015) 1530020 [arXiv:1504.00111] [INSPIRE].
E. Ma and O. Popov, Pathways to Naturally Small Dirac Neutrino Masses, Phys. Lett. B 764 (2017) 142 [arXiv:1609.02538] [INSPIRE].
C. Bonilla and J.W.F. Valle, Naturally light neutrinos in Diracon model, Phys. Lett. B 762 (2016) 162 [arXiv:1605.08362] [INSPIRE].
D. Borah and B. Karmakar, A4 flavour model for Dirac neutrinos: Type I and inverse seesaw, Phys. Lett. B 780 (2018) 461 [arXiv:1712.06407] [INSPIRE].
E. Peinado, M. Reig, R. Srivastava and J.W.F. Valle, Dirac neutrinos from Peccei-Quinn symmetry: A fresh look at the axion, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 35 (2020) 2050176 [arXiv:1910.02961] [INSPIRE].
S. Jana, P.K. Vishnu and S. Saad, Minimal dirac neutrino mass models from U(1)R gauge symmetry and left-right asymmetry at colliders, Eur. Phys. J. C 79 (2019) 916 [arXiv:1904.07407] [INSPIRE].
Z.K. Silagadze, Neutrino mass and the mirror universe, Phys. Atom. Nucl. 60 (1997) 272 [hep-ph/9503481] [INSPIRE].
I. Affleck and M. Dine, A New Mechanism for Baryogenesis, Nucl. Phys. B 249 (1985) 361 [INSPIRE].
F.L. Bezrukov and M. Shaposhnikov, The Standard Model Higgs boson as the inflaton, Phys. Lett. B 659 (2008) 703 [arXiv:0710.3755] [INSPIRE].
M.P. Hertzberg and J. Karouby, Generating the Observed Baryon Asymmetry from the Inflaton Field, Phys. Rev. D 89 (2014) 063523 [arXiv:1309.0010] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Cline, M. Puel and T. Toma, Affleck-Dine inflation, Phys. Rev. D 101 (2020) 043014 [arXiv:1909.12300] [INSPIRE].
J.M. Cline, M. Puel and T. Toma, A little theory of everything, with heavy neutral leptons, JHEP 05 (2020) 039 [arXiv:2001.11505] [INSPIRE].
E. Babichev, D. Gorbunov and S. Ramazanov, Affleck-Dine baryogenesis via mass splitting, Phys. Lett. B 792 (2019) 228 [arXiv:1809.08108] [INSPIRE].
A. Lloyd-Stubbs and J. McDonald, A Minimal Approach to Baryogenesis via Affleck-Dine and Inflaton Mass Terms, Phys. Rev. D 103 (2021) 123514 [arXiv:2008.04339] [INSPIRE].
R.N. Mohapatra and N. Okada, Affleck-Dine baryogenesis with observable neutron-antineutron oscillation, Phys. Rev. D 104 (2021) 055030 [arXiv:2107.01514] [INSPIRE].
V.A. Kuzmin, V.A. Rubakov and M.E. Shaposhnikov, On the Anomalous Electroweak Baryon Number Nonconservation in the Early Universe, Phys. Lett. B 155 (1985) 36 [INSPIRE].
M. Fukugita and T. Yanagida, Baryogenesis Without Grand Unification, Phys. Lett. B 174 (1986) 45 [INSPIRE].
W.B. Lin, D.H. Huang, X. Zhang and R.H. Brandenberger, Nonthermal production of WIMPs and the subgalactic structure of the universe, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 (2001) 954 [astro-ph/0009003] [INSPIRE].
R. Essig et al., Constraining Light Dark Matter with Diffuse X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Observations, JHEP 11 (2013) 193 [arXiv:1309.4091] [INSPIRE].
CMB-S4 collaboration, CMB-S4 Science Book, First Edition, arXiv:1610.02743 [INSPIRE].
J. Heeck and W. Rodejohann, Neutrinoless Quadruple Beta Decay, EPL 103 (2013) 32001 [arXiv:1306.0580] [INSPIRE].
Acknowledgments
This work is supported in part by the United States Department of Energy Grants DE- SC0016013 (K.S.B) and DE-SC0012447 (N.O). We thank the referee for very useful comments.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
ArXiv ePrint: 2307.14869
Rights and permissions
Open Access . This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
About this article
Cite this article
Babu, K.S., Mohapatra, R.N. & Okada, N. Parity solution to the strong CP problem and a unified framework for inflation, baryogenesis, and dark matter. J. High Energ. Phys. 2024, 136 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2024)136
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2024)136