File:Neurogenesis and rTMS.jpg
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English: Neurogenesis and rTMS. (A) Dopaminergic neurons reside in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), which is located in the ventral midbrain, and send axonal projections to the striatum, which is situated in the forebrain. Neural stem cells are located in the adult SVZ, immediately adjacent to the striatum, with is rich in dopaminergic afferents from the SNc. In the 6-OHDA animal model of Parkinson's disease, the nigral dopaminergic neurons are destroyed unilaterally by means of a stereotactic injection of the toxin, as indicated by the needle. The consecutive depletion of dopamine (DA↓) in the striatum leads to a decreased proliferation of progenitor cells in the SVZ. (B) In rats with unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of the SNc, rTMS induces an in situ differentiation of SVZ-derived precursors in dopamine-producing neurons. Some nucleus marked with BrdU (green) colocalize with the cytoplasmatic TH (red). OB: olfactory bulb; V: ventricle; VZ: ventricular zone. Arias-Carrión International Archives of Medicine 2008 1:2 doi:10.1186/1755-7682-1-2 Русский: Иллюстрация из обзора "Нейрогенез и транскраниальная магнитная стимуляция". (А) Дофаминергические нейроны располагаются в черном веществе (SNc). Они посылают проекции в стриатум. Нейрональные стволовые клетки обнаруживаются в субвентрикулярной зоне взрослого мозга, вплотную к стриатуму, богато иннервированному дофаминергическими афферентами из SNc. В животной модели болезни Паркинсона, основанной на применении 6-ODHA, дофаминергические нейроны разрушаются при стереотактической инъекции токсина (игла на изображении). Следующее за этим истощение дофамина (DA) в стриатуме снижает пролиферацию клеток-предшественников в субвентрикулярной зоне (SVZ). (B) У крыс с односторонним повреждением SNc, вызванным 6-ODHA, rTMS вызывает in-situ дифференциацию SVZ-порожденных прекурсоров в дофамин-производящие нейроны. Некоторые ядра, меченные BrdU (зеленый) колокализованы с цитоплазматическим TH (??) (красный). OB: обонятельная луковица V: желудочек VZ: вентрикулярная зона |
| Date | |
| Source | Basic mechanisms of rTMS: Implications in Parkinson's disease |
| Author | Oscar Arias-Carrión |
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© 2008 Arias-Carrión; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
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| current | 10:25, 24 October 2009 | | 1,200 × 551 (115 KB) | CopperKettle (talk | contribs) | {{Information |Description={{en|1=Neurogenesis and rTMS. (A) Dopaminergic neurons reside in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), which is located in the ventral midbrain, and send axonal projections to the striatum, which is situated in the forebrain |
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