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<languages/>{{pg|Commons:Administrators|Administratörer}} har möjlighet att '''blockera''' användare vid behov. En blockerad användare är bland annat förhindrad att redigera innehåll och att ladda upp filer. Blockering är generellt en sista utväg för att förhindra beteende som kan skada Commons eller störa samarbetet. Blockering är således avsett att vara en ''förebyggande'' åtgärd snarare än en ''bestraffande;'' blockering ska inte användas i syfte att försöka "lugna ner" användare.

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== Tillämpning ==

Blockering kan tillämpas av ett antal olika skäl. De vanligaste är följande:

* '''{{pg|Commons:Vandalism|Vandalisering}}'''. Att redigera eller ladda upp filer på störande vis kan resultera i blockering. Till exempel:
** Bidrag med omotiverat vulgärt innehåll
** Bidrag med avsiktligt vilseledande innehåll (såsom falska källangivelser för bilder)
* '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Edit war|Redigeringskrig]].'''
* '''{{pg|Commons:Licensing|Upphovsrättsintrång}}.''' Att upprepade gånger ladda upp innehåll med felaktig upphovsrättsinformation kan föranleda blockering. Tydliga varningar och förklaringar av Commons regler ska förmedlas före och efter blockering.
* '''Trakasserier.''' Konton och IP-nummer som används huvudsakligen för att skapa en fientlig miljö för en annan användare kan blockeras. Meningskiljaktigheter i god tro ska istället [[Commons:Village pump|diskuteras]] med andra användare. Att granska en annan användares bidrags policyefterlevnad räknas inte som trakasserier.
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* '''Icke godkända eller ickeresponsiva {{pg|Commons:Bots|robotkonton]].''' Robotkonton som inte godkänts av Commonsgemenskapen får inte verka på Wikimedia Commons, och konton med tveksamma robotliknande redigeringar som inte kan förklaras av användaren ska blockeras tills de kan diskuteras. Förslag om användning av robotar kan diskuteras på {{pg|Commons:Bots|Commons:Robotkonton}} eller [[Commons:Village pump]]. Robotar får inte användas på Commons utan tillstånd (vilket man kan ansöka om på {{pg|Commons:Bots/Requests}}).
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* '''Godkända robotkonton som för tillfället fungerar felaktigt''' kan blockeras i syfte att förhindra ytterligare skador tills dess att robotens ägare kan åtgärda problemet.
* {{pg|Commons:Username_policy|anchor=INAPPR|'''Olämpliga användarnamn'''}}.
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* '''Evasion of blocks'''. An administrator may reset the block of a user who intentionally evades a block, and may extend the duration of the block if the user engages in further blockable behaviour while evading the block. User accounts or IP addresses used to evade a block may and should also be blocked.
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* '''Abusing multiple accounts''' to mislead, deceive, disrupt, distort consensus or to evade blocks or other sanctions. Secondary accounts are typically blocked indefinitely. The primary account may or may not be subject to new or extended blocks depending on the circumstances.
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* '''Open or anonymizing proxies''' are typically blocked upon {{pg|Commons:Open proxy detection|detection}} in accordance with [[m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies|Wikimedia-wide policy]]. The normal duration of such blocks is one year.
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==Instructions for administrators==
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<span id="Before_blocking"></span>
===Före blockering===

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* For blocks based on disruptive behaviour, such as vandalism, repeated copyright violations and manual promotional activities, ensure that the user has been appropriately '''warned,''' preferably using a [[:Category:Block warning templates|block warning template]]. No warning is necessary when blocking open proxies and users with inappropriate usernames. Accounts and IP addresses used solely for severely disruptive purposes such as automated spamming, serious vandalism or harassment may also be blocked without prior warning.
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* '''Controversial blocks''' may be discussed at the [[Commons:Administrators' noticeboard/Blocks and protections|blocks and protections noticeboard]], preferably before they are applied if at all possible. As a rule of thumb, when in doubt, do not block.
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* '''[[:mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:Range blocks|Range blocks]]''' are especially powerful tools, and discussion of these is particularly encouraged. Range blocks with a duration longer than 24 hours should be discussed with a {{pg|Commons:Checkusers|checkuser}} to assess the likely impact.
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===When blocking===
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* Blocks can be applied to '''registered users, IP addresses or address ranges.'''
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* As blocks are preventative rather than punitive, use a block '''duration''' that is proportional to the time likely needed for the user to familiarize themselves with relevant policies and adjust their behaviour. Also consider the user's past behaviour and the severity of the disruption. When blocking IP addresses, keep in mind that innocent third parties sharing the same addresses may be affected.
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* Provide a '''reason''' for the block. The rationale should preferably use links to relevant policies to help the blocked user understand why they have been blocked. Where appropriate, diffs or {{wp-Help:Permanent link|permanent links}} documenting the reason for the block are also helpful.
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* '''Account creation''' should be prevented in most cases, but may be allowed when blocking an inappropriate user name to allow creation of a different name.
* '''Autoblocking''' of IP addresses used by the blocked user should typically be enabled for users who were blocked for disruptive behavior. It should be disabled in most other cases, like blocking malfunctioning bots and usernames that don't follow the {{pg|Commons:Username policy|username policy}}.
* Only prevent the blocked user from using their '''talk page''' or sending '''e-mail''' if they are likely to abuse these privileges.
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<span id="After_blocking"></span>
===Efter blockering===

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* '''Notify''' the blocked user, preferably using a [[:Category:User block templates|user block template]].
* '''Watch''' the blocked user's user talk page and ensure that '''[[:Category:Requests for unblock|requests for unblock]]''' are attended to.
* Blocks based on disruptive behaviour should be '''lifted''' if there is reason to believe that the disruptive behaviour will not resume.
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* '''Controversial blocks''' may also be discussed at the [[Commons:Administrators' noticeboard/Blocks and protections|blocks and protections noticeboard]] after they have been applied. To avoid [[:en:WP:WW|wheel warring]], another administrator should lift a block only if there is consensus to do so, even if there is no clear consensus in favor of the original block.
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== Checkuser blocks ==
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[[Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Checkusers|Checkusers]] may need to block an editor on the basis of technical [[m:CheckUser policy|checkuser]] evidence, due to disruption caused by abuse of multiple accounts or IP addresses. These blocks are marked as a {{tl|checkuserblock}} in the block summary and must not be reversed by non-checkusers without consulting a checkuser.
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As checkuser data cannot be shared publicly and a checkuser block may involve other pertinent non-public information, an unblock appeal for a {{tl|checkuserblock}} must only be reviewed by a checkuser. A reversal of a check user block by an administrator without consulting a checkuser may result in the removal of permissions.
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==Oversight blocks ==
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In exceptional cases, there may be a need to block an editor on the basis of oversighted information that cannot be shared publicly. In such a case, the available {{pg|Commons:oversighters|oversighters}} may jointly act on the basis of group consensus. If there are insufficient oversighters available or if additional input is required they may consult the [[:m:stewards|Wikimedia stewards]].
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Except in an emergency, non-oversight administrators should not block on the basis of  information known to them that has since been oversighted. An administrator believing that such a block is required should contact one of the oversighters privately or email ''oversight-commons{{@}}lists.wikimedia.org''.
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Any block made under this section should be reported by the oversighters to the community at the earliest opportunity, with as much background material as can reasonably be provided.
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An editor who is blocked under this section may not be unblocked without the approval of the oversighters. An editor who wishes to have their oversight block reviewed should approach the oversighters privately, who will consider the request as a group. Public ‘appeals’ on the talk page of the blocked editor should not be used, and any that are posted may be removed.
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== Appealing a block ==
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Blocked users are [[MediaWiki:Blockedtext|informed]] that they may '''request unblocking.''' They may do this by adding {{tld|unblock|''reason for the request''}} to their '''[[Special:MyTalk|own user talk page]].''' Alternatively, they may request unblocking with an appropriate reason via '''[[Special:EmailUser|e-mail]]''' to the blocking administrator or another administrator.
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An '''appropriate reason''' will almost always include one of the following:
* An '''acknowledgement''' that the block was appropriate and a '''credible promise''' that the behaviour that led to the block will not be repeated
* An explanation of why the block is '''not appropriate''' based on this and other relevant policies and guidelines or is '''likely to be a mistake or an unintended side effect'''
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An unblock request may be '''[[Template:Unblock granted|granted]]''' or '''[[Template:Unblock declined|declined]].''' Before granting a request to lift a block placed by another administrator, the reviewing administrator should '''consult with the blocking administrator,''' except in obvious, uncontroversial cases. [[:Category:Requests for unblock|Requests made on user talk pages]] may only be declined by an '''uninvolved administrator.''' Unblock requests for blocks marked with {{tld|checkuserblock}} will be reviewed by a '''checkuser.'''
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Making repeated unblocking requests without appropriate reasons may be considered abusive. As noted above, users who have abused or are likely to abuse the ability to edit their own user talk page and/or send e-mail in this or any other way may have either or both of these privileges revoked, which also prevents these privileges from being used for unblocking requests.
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<span id="See_also"></span>
== Se även ==

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* [[:Category:Block warning templates]]
* [[:Category:User block templates]]
* [[User:Blocking subject]], a test account for blocking practice
* [[m:Global locks]], [[m:Global blocks]], and [[m:Global bans]]: similar concepts spanning all Wikimedia projects
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{{Commons policies and guidelines}}

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[[Category:Commons policies{{#translation:}}]]

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