Plav–Gusinje massacres (1912–1913): Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox civilian attack |
{{Infobox civilian attack |
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|title= Previ Pass ( |
|title= Previ Pass ( e Previsë) |
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|location= Gusinje |
|location= Gusinje |
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|target= [[Albanians]] and [[Bosniaks]]. |
|target= [[Albanians]] and [[Bosniaks]]. |
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'''Previ Pass massacre''' ([[Albanian language|Albanian]]: '' |
'''Previ Pass massacre''' ([[Albanian language|Albanian]]: '' e Previsë'') was a massacre of Albanians and Bosnians which took place during the Balkan Wars on March 9, 1913 after the conquest of the Plava and Gusinje valleys on October 8, 1912 by forces of the Kingdom of Montenegro.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Elsie |first1=Robert |last2=Destani |first2=Bejtullah D. |title=Kosovo, A Documentary History: From the Balkan Wars to World War II |date=2018 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-78673-354-2 |page=165 |url=https://books.google.de/books?id=dbqKDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA165&lpg=PA165&dq=chafa+previsit&source=bl&ots=CopkeZ1Q4K&sig=ACfU3U0PYOcqwY8Viin_m5u9cNc0rBYK4A&hl=de&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiU27OZn9PhAhWPZ1AKHZbxAA0Q6AEwBnoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=chafa%20previsit&f=false |accessdate=26 April 2020 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=SANA |first1=Agencija |title=Biševska komita i slučaj ubistva Zeća Čarovca (1923.) iz Novog Pazara {{!}} SANA |edition=Na područje zapadnog Sandžaka, crnogorska vojska, u jesen 1912., uz prećutnu saglasnost kralja Nikole Petrovića, vrši pokolj po selima Pešteri i Bihora, a u februaru i martu 1913., u Plavsko-Gusinjskom kraju, i genocid nad tamošnjim muslimanima. Glavni egzekutor ovih zločina bila je Donjovasojevička brigada, odnosno „Beranska brigada“ kojom je komandovao poznati muslimanomrzac Avro Cemović. Odgovoran je za ubistvo preko 800 Bošnjaka i Albanaca i za nasilno pokrštavanje 12.000 muslimana! Zarobljena su 323 Bošnjaka iz Plava i Gusinja i prebačena u zatvor u Nikšić. Sa Kosova (iz Peći i Đakovice) su u Podgoricu, kao zarobljenici, dovedena 233 Albanca. Bili su to uglavnom bošnjački i albanski prvaci, bajraktari, age, trgovci i bogati seljaci. U crnogorskim zatvorima su proveli po nekoliko mjeseci izloženi velikoj torturi. (In the autumn of 1912, with the tacit consent of King Nikola Petrovic, the Montenegrin army massacred the villages of Pesteri and Bihor in the area of western Sandzak, and in February and March 1913, in the Plavsko-Gusinje area, genocide against the Muslims there. The chief executor of these crimes was the Donjovasojevic Brigade, that is, the "Berane Brigade" commanded by the famous Muslim hater Avro Cemovic. He is responsible for the murder of over 800 Bosniaks and Albanians and the forcible baptism of 12,000 Muslims! 323 Bosniaks from Plav and Gusinje were captured and taken to Niksic prison. From Kosovo (from Peja and Gjakova), 233 Albanians were brought to Podgorica as captives. They were mainly Bosniak and Albanian champions, bayaraktar, age, merchants and rich peasants. They spent several months in Montenegrin prisons exposed to major torture.) |url=https://sanapress.info/2018/12/22/bisevska-komita-i-slucaj-ubistva-zeca-carovca-1923-iz-novog-pazara/ |accessdate=26 April 2020 |language=bs-BA}}</ref> 700 Albanian boys and men from the villages of Martinaj, Pepaj, Vuthaj, as well as the villages of Plava and Gusinje were arrested and bound in two rows at Previsë Pass. They were then forced to dig their own graves before they were executed by the "Beranska Brigada". In Vesovic, the first brigadier killed 63 Albanians from Vuthaj before moving on to Deçan in December 1912. The atrocities were commanded by Avro Cemovic, also known as Avro Cemi, who was later charged for atrocities. He also led compulsory conversion to the Serbian Orthodoxy. Milena Milosevic states that in total, between 1912 and 1913 1,800 Albanians and Bosniaks were massacred.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Milosevic |first1=Milena |title=Montenegro’s Muslims Stage Mass Prayer to Mark ‘Genocide’ |url=https://balkaninsight.com/2013/03/06/montenegro-minorities-raise-up-voice-about-past-terrors/ |accessdate=26 April 2020 |work=Balkan Insight |agency=Balkan Insight |issue=More than 2,000 Bosniaks and ethnic Albanians prayed together to mark the 100th anniversary of what they allege was genocide against their ancestors. |date=6 March 2013}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 12:47, 26 April 2020
| Previ Pass massa (Masakra e Previsë) | |
|---|---|
| Location | Gusinje |
| Date | 1913 |
| Target | Albanians and Bosniaks. |
Attack type | Mass killing |
| Perpetrators | Army of Kingdom of Montenegro |
| Motive | massacre |
Previ Pass massacre (Albanian: Masakra e Previsë or Masakra ne Qafe Previsë) was a massacre of Albanians and Bosnians which took place during the Balkan Wars on March 9, 1913 after the conquest of the Plava and Gusinje valleys on October 8, 1912 by forces of the Kingdom of Montenegro.[1][2] 700 Albanian boys and men from the villages of Martinaj, Pepaj, Vuthaj, as well as the villages of Plava and Gusinje were arrested and bound in two rows at Previsë Pass. They were then forced to dig their own graves before they were executed by the "Beranska Brigada". In Vesovic, the first brigadier killed 63 Albanians from Vuthaj before moving on to Deçan in December 1912. The atrocities were commanded by Avro Cemovic, also known as Avro Cemi, who was later charged for atrocities. He also led compulsory conversion to the Serbian Orthodoxy. Milena Milosevic states that in total, between 1912 and 1913 1,800 Albanians and Bosniaks were massacred.[3]
References
 | This article on Kosovo history is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
- ^ Elsie, Robert; Destani, Bejtullah D. (2018). Kosovo, A Documentary History: From the Balkan Wars to World War II. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 165. ISBN 978-1-78673-354-2. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
- ^ SANA, Agencija. Biševska komita i slučaj ubistva Zeća Čarovca (1923.) iz Novog Pazara | SANA (in Bosnian) (Na područje zapadnog Sandžaka, crnogorska vojska, u jesen 1912., uz prećutnu saglasnost kralja Nikole Petrovića, vrši pokolj po selima Pešteri i Bihora, a u februaru i martu 1913., u Plavsko-Gusinjskom kraju, i genocid nad tamošnjim muslimanima. Glavni egzekutor ovih zločina bila je Donjovasojevička brigada, odnosno „Beranska brigada“ kojom je komandovao poznati muslimanomrzac Avro Cemović. Odgovoran je za ubistvo preko 800 Bošnjaka i Albanaca i za nasilno pokrštavanje 12.000 muslimana! Zarobljena su 323 Bošnjaka iz Plava i Gusinja i prebačena u zatvor u Nikšić. Sa Kosova (iz Peći i Đakovice) su u Podgoricu, kao zarobljenici, dovedena 233 Albanca. Bili su to uglavnom bošnjački i albanski prvaci, bajraktari, age, trgovci i bogati seljaci. U crnogorskim zatvorima su proveli po nekoliko mjeseci izloženi velikoj torturi. (In the autumn of 1912, with the tacit consent of King Nikola Petrovic, the Montenegrin army massacred the villages of Pesteri and Bihor in the area of western Sandzak, and in February and March 1913, in the Plavsko-Gusinje area, genocide against the Muslims there. The chief executor of these crimes was the Donjovasojevic Brigade, that is, the "Berane Brigade" commanded by the famous Muslim hater Avro Cemovic. He is responsible for the murder of over 800 Bosniaks and Albanians and the forcible baptism of 12,000 Muslims! 323 Bosniaks from Plav and Gusinje were captured and taken to Niksic prison. From Kosovo (from Peja and Gjakova), 233 Albanians were brought to Podgorica as captives. They were mainly Bosniak and Albanian champions, bayaraktar, age, merchants and rich peasants. They spent several months in Montenegrin prisons exposed to major torture.) ed.). Retrieved 26 April 2020.
- ^ Milosevic, Milena (6 March 2013). "Montenegro's Muslims Stage Mass Prayer to Mark 'Genocide'". Balkan Insight. No. More than 2, 000 Bosniaks and ethnic Albanians prayed together to mark the 100th anniversary of what they allege was genocide against their ancestors. Balkan Insight. Retrieved 26 April 2020.