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. 2024 Jul 23;13(15):2018.
doi: 10.3390/plants13152018.

Comparing the Effects of Lime Soil and Yellow Soil on Cadmium Accumulation in Rice during Grain-Filling and Maturation Periods

Hu Wang  1   2 , Lang Teng  1 , Xu Mao  1 , Tengbing He  1 , Tianling Fu  1   2
Affiliations

Comparing the Effects of Lime Soil and Yellow Soil on Cadmium Accumulation in Rice during Grain-Filling and Maturation Periods

Hu Wang et al. Plants (Basel). .

Abstract

The karst area has become a high-risk area for Cadmium (Cd) exposure. Interestingly, the high levels of Cd in soils do not result in an excessive bioaccumulation of Cd in rice. Carbonate rock dissolution ions (CRIs) could limit the accumulation and translocation of Cd in rice. CRIs can become a major bottleneck in the remediation and management of farmlands in karst areas. However, there is limited research on the effects of CRIs in soils on Cd accumulation in rice. The karst area of lime soil (LS) and the non-karst areas of yellow soil (YS) were collected, and an external Cd was added to conduct rice cultivation experiments. Cd and CRIs (Ca2+, Mg2+, CO32-/HCO3-, and OH-) in the rice-soil system were investigated from the grain-filling to maturity periods. The results showed that CRIs of LS were significantly higher than that of YS in different treatments. CRIs of LS were 2.05 mg·kg-1 for Ca2+, 0.90 mg·kg-1 for Mg2+, and 42.29 mg·kg-1 for CO32- in LS. CRIs could influence DTPA Cd, resulting in DTPA Cd of LS being lower than that of YS. DTPA Cd of YS was one to three times larger than that of YS. Cd content in different parts of rice in YS was higher than that of LS. Cd in rice grains of YS was one to six times larger than that of LS. The uptake of Cd from the soil during Filling III was critical in determining rice Cd accumulation. CRIs in the soil could affect Cd accumulation in rice. Ca2+ and Mg2+ had significant negative effects on Cd accumulation of rice at maturity and filling, respectively. CO32-/HCO3- and OH- had significant negative effects on DTPA Cd in soil.

Keywords: Cd; accumulation; ion; karst; rice; soil type.

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Conflict of interest statement

Authors Hu Wang and Tianling Fu were employed by the company Guizhou Chuyang Ecological Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The Ca2+ (a) and Mg2+ (b) content of LS and YS in different treatments during rice filling and maturity.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Total alkalinity content (a) and pH (b) of LS and YS in different treatments during rice filling and maturity.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Cd content in root (a), stem (b), leaves (c), and grain (d) during rice filling and maturity.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The chlorophyll content in leaves from LS (a) and YS (b) during rice filling and maturity.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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