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On Becoming a Novelist

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On Becoming a Novelist contains the wisdom accumulated during John Gardner's distinguished twenty-year career as a fiction writer and creative writing teacher. With elegance, humor, and sophistication, Gardner describes the life of a working novelist; warns what needs to be guarded against, both from within the writer and from without; and predicts what the writer can reasonably expect and what, in general, he or she cannot. "For a certain kind of person," Gardner writes, "nothing is more joyful or satisfying than the life of a novelist." But no other vocation, he is quick to add, is so fraught with professional and spiritual difficulties. Whether discussing the supposed value of writer's workshops, explaining the role of the novelist's agent and editor, or railing against the seductive fruits of literary elitism, On Becoming a Novelist is an indispensable, life-affirming handbook for anyone authentically called to the profession. "A miraculously detailed account of the creative process."—Anne Tyler, Baltimore Sun

150 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1983

About the author

John Gardner

377 books425 followers
John Champlin Gardner was a well-known and controversial American novelist and university professor, best known for his novel Grendel, a retelling of the Beowulf myth.

Gardner was born in Batavia, New York. His father was a lay preacher and dairy farmer, and his mother taught English at a local school. Both parents were fond of Shakespeare and often recited literature together. As a child, Gardner attended public school and worked on his father's farm, where, in April of 1945, his younger brother Gilbert was killed in an accident with a cultipacker. Gardner, who was driving the tractor during the fatal accident, carried guilt for his brother's death throughout his life, suffering nightmares and flashbacks. The incident informed much of Gardner's fiction and criticism — most directly in the 1977 short story "Redemption," which included a fictionalized recounting of the accident.

From Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Gar...

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Profile Image for Glenn Russell.
1,455 reviews12.6k followers
August 26, 2023

John Gardner, 1933-1982

Thinking of writing a novel and becoming an honest-to-goodness novelist? If so, then this slim book by John Gardner will offer you sound advice and friendly encouragement. Of course, not every single bit of advice will apply to every would-be novelist, but there are enough nuggets of hard-won writerly wisdom from a dedicated master of the art to make this book worth your time. As by way of example, here are several quotes along with my modest comments:

John Gardner on the experience of reading a good novel: “We slip into a dream . . . We recreate, with minor and for the most part unimportant changes, the vivid and continuous dream the writer worked out in his mind (revising and revising until he got it right) and captured in language so that other human beings, whenever they feel like it, may open his book and dream that dream again.”

Personally, after finished a good novel, I have the distinct feeling I’ve lived life through the eyes of someone else - my horizons has been expanded. Case in point: I traveled the long country roads with Montana detective C. W. Sughrue when he begins his journey, “When I finally caught up with Abraham Trahearne, he was drinking beet with an alcoholic bulldog named Fireball Roberts in a ramshackle joint just outside of Sonoma, California, drinking the heart right out of a fine spring afternoon.”


James Crumley

“A novelist is interested in playing with sentence formation, seeing how long he can make a sentence go or how many short sentences he can use without the reader noticing. In short, one sign of a writer’s potential is his especially sharp ear – and eye – for language.”

Gardner is insistent on how a novelist’s language is not the star of the show; rather, language is always employed in the service of story, specifically, in service of such elements as character, action, setting, and atmosphere.

“The good writer sees things sharply, vividly, accurately, and selectively (that is, he sees what’s important), not necessarily because his power of observation is by nature more acute than that of other people (though by practice it becomes so), but because he cares about seeing things clearly and getting them down effectively.”

Ah, the well-tuned eye. One need not be intellectual or even an articulate speaker (many good novelists are not) but be able to develop and hone one’s unique vision and an ability to translate that vision via the magic of language into a compelling story.


Joyce Carol Oates

“Much of the dialogue one encounters in student fiction, as well as plot, gesture, even setting, comes not from life but from life filtered through TV.”

When I first started writing fiction I was 20 years removed from watching TV and reading newspapers and magazines. I suspect this had much to do with developing my own off-the-wall surreal writing and having nearly all of it accepted by publishers. My suggestion: if you want to become a writer of fiction, limit your TV watching. The last thing you want is your unique take on life to be infected and restricted.

“A good novelist creates powerfully vivid images in the reader’s mind and nothing is more natural than that the beginning novelist should try to imitate the effects of some master, because he loves that writer’s vivid world. But finally imitation is a bad idea.”

One great way to start writing novels is to type out a novel you love, word for word, page by page. You will develop a real feel for what it takes to write a good novel (getting the craft even into your muscles and fingers). However, as John Gardner notes, this is a beginner’s practice – at some point, sooner rather than later, you are on your own.

“What one has to get, one way or another, is insight – not just knowledge – into personalities not visibly like one’s own. What one needs is not the facts but the “feel” of the person not oneself.”

This is my observation when reading a novelist like Richard Russo, who can write about men and women of any age with equal skill and depth; it’s as if he is living in their skin down to their toes.

Here's a brief John Gardner excerpt on the unique, quirky qualities of intelligence peculiar to a storyteller: “Wit (a tendency to make irreverent connections); obstinacy and a tendency toward churlishness (a refusal to believe what all sensible people know is true); childishness (an apparent lack of mental focus and serious life purpose, a fondness for daydreaming and telling pointless lies, a lack of proper respect, mischievousness)."

I recall how Julio Cortázar said that when he was a child, it was as if he had a grown man inside him and when he became an adult, the dynamic flipped – he was a grown man with a child inside him.

“The novelist develops an acute eye, sometimes bordering on the psychic, for human feelings and behavior, tastes and habitats, pleasures, sufferings."

Another point John Gardner is insistent upon: how a novelist’s business is to be primarily concerned with the details of character and storytelling and not preoccupied with such general concepts as theme or symbolic meaning. Gardner relates how concern for such subjects in school and with many teachers can be poison for the would-be novelist.

I’ll conclude this review by quoting the last short, inspiring paragraph in the book, words any writer, novelist or otherwise, will certainly appreciate: “Finally, the true novelist is the one who doesn’t quit. Novel-writing is not so much a profession as a yoga, or “way,” an alternative to ordinary life-in-the-world. Its benefits are quasi-religious - a changed quality of mind and heart, satisfactions no non-novelist can understand – and its rigors generally bring no profit except to the spirit. For those who are authentically called to the profession, spiritual profits are enough.”


Donna Tartt
Profile Image for Kressel Housman.
977 reviews243 followers
August 26, 2016
Anne Lamott's Bird by Bird has just fallen to the #3 position in my list of favorite writing books. I don't think she'd mind, though, as she herself sings the praises of John Gardner in her book with, "What he says about plot is so succinct it will make you want to sit up and howl." What he says about plot is this: all stories boil down to protagonist wants something, goes after it, and ends up with either a win, a lose, or a draw. That's pretty good, but what makes me want to sit up and howl is what he had to say about writer's block. It's a form of perfectionism, of course, but really, there's no reason to get it. The writer simply must bear in mind that writing is like any other human activity. There's no reason to feel guilty for not doing it, and there's no reason to feel enormously proud for having done it.

Anyone who's tried to be a serious and professional writer will find nuggets of wisdom just like that throughout this book. Unlike his The Art of Fiction, which is more about craft, this book takes on the question that so many writers ask themselves, "Do I really have what it takes?" Talent is part of the equation, of course, but so is persistence and patience. But not only does Gardner address these psychological issues, he goes into practical ones, like earning a living and finding the right support group.

Has this book solved my writer's block? It may have, a little. I don't know if I'll start working on my fiction again tonight, but at least I have a few ideas about how to slowly work writing back into my life again. More importantly, I think I learned a little to lower my expectations of success.
Profile Image for Kathleen.
Author 1 book239 followers
May 28, 2024
“Often one finds novelists are people who learned in childhood to turn, in times of distress, to their own fantasies or to fiction, the voice of some comforting writer, not to human beings near at hand.”

A re-read of an old favorite. This is such a special book. John Gardner was a novelist and writing professor, and this much-loved volume was published shortly after he died at 49 in a motorcycle accident. There’s a lovely foreword by Raymond Chandler, who credits Gardner for making him the writer he became.

This is not your typical writing manual. It’s written by an excellent, experienced teacher who was also a sincere, dedicated novelist. It is so genuine and valuable and realistic and comforting.

“In the final analysis, what counts is not the philosophy of the writer (that will reveal itself in any case) but the fortunes of the characters, how their principles of generosity or stubborn honesty or stinginess or cowardice help them or hurt them in specific situations. What counts is the characters’ story.”

It is all about craft, but it’s written the way you’d want a teacher to talk to you: with honesty and clarity and kindness. It’s helpful--really helpful. Not just your usual writing tips, but deep thoughts about what it takes to stick with a project for years, and how writer’s block comes from losing faith. He has some hard words about what it means to do the work of a novelist, and how to know if it’s for you.

“One has to be just a little crazy to write a great novel. One must be capable of allowing the darkest, most ancient and shrewd parts of one’s being to take over the work from time to time. Or be capable of cracking the door now and then to the deep craziness of life itself …”

I love this book. For anyone who thinks they might be interested in writing a novel, here is a combination brilliant English professor and caring counselor who has the key to help you decide if it’s right for you. Even if you’re old like me and well-past the age where anyone would recommend starting such a daunting venture, give this book a try. See if you have the temperament and inclinations to fit in the novelist’s tribe, and if you do, it’s never too late.
Profile Image for Jenny Baker.
1,393 reviews203 followers
March 2, 2023
Underread and Undervalued

Every aspiring writer should read this book. Originally, I borrowed it from the library, but after reading 30 pages, I knew that I had to own it. There were many aha moments that I wanted to underline and take notes, so I paused reading it until my copy arrived through AbeBooks.

I learned a different way to analyze a novel and what makes great fiction. I have a clearer idea of what other elements I need to include in my own novels, beyond the basics that I never really articulated before, at least not as explicitly as Gardner does. You know great fiction when you read it, but have you ever defined exactly what makes it great? Honestly, I couldn’t pinpoint it until Gardner gave his analysis. Once a writing teacher points out these things to you, you’ll notice the absence or presence of them in the books you read and write.

I loved all of the literary references, several that I read and loved (Crime and Punishment, Anna Karenina, etc.) and several that I want to read (Moby Dick and something from Thomas Mann and Nietzsche, among others).

There were tons of writing advice including different methods you can try and a step-by-step writing process for novel writing. I loved that he discussed keeping a journal, writer’s intuition, writer’s block, self-hypnosis, topics to study in college (any really, but he stressed how much psychology and philosophy will help), studying literature closely, the editing process, writing groups and conferences, and he talks a lot about keeping readers in a vivid, continuous fictional dream. And, of course he talks about the importance of showing and exactly when to show.

He discusses the rhythm in great prose when an author’s ear finally hears the rhythm. His example was Moby Dick and he breaks it down musically. I’m particularly interested in the music of language, because there are times when prose is so smooth and lyrical that I fall in love with it, and other times when I hate it, because my ear doesn’t hear a rhythm, and I stumble over the words.

He thinks that Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Mann, and Faulkner are the highest class of novelists, because they have a “Writer’s gift for rendering the precise observations and feelings of a wide variety of characters, even entering the minds (In Tolstoy’s case) of animals.”

“What one has to get, one way or another, is insight — not just knowledge — into personalities not visibly like one’s own. What one needs is not the facts but the ‘feel’ of the person not oneself.”


I think this is precisely why I love and remember certain authors' characters so much. They fully immerse you into the characters until you’re walking in their shoes and emotionally invested in them.

I feel like my review isn’t doing this book justice, but I do hope that if you’re an aspiring writer that you’ll read this sooner rather than later. I got so much out of this book that I’m kicking myself for not reading it years ago.

Highly recommend!
Profile Image for Lee Thompson.
Author 26 books189 followers
August 11, 2014
Jesus, I wish I would have known about this book when I started writing. If you're new to the craft, or just beginning to sell your work like I have been the last three years, give this a read. It's excellent.
Profile Image for Benjamin.
33 reviews9 followers
April 8, 2018
"There is in the most confident metaphysical construct, in the most affirmative work of art a memento mori, a labour, implicit or explicit, to hold at bay the seepage of fatal time, of entropy into each and every living form. It is from this wrestling-match that philosophic discourse and the generation of art derive their informing stress, the unresolved tautness of which logic and beauty are formal modes. The cry "the great god Pan is dead" haunts even those societies with which we associate, perhaps too conveniently, the gusto of optimism." -- Steiner

Not so much a self-help book as a warning and an invitation stripped of all the romance typically associated w/ the writer archetype. Gardner is pretty honest at how awful life is for a writer -- lots of hours poured into transposing well-thought thoughts into well-written words to create a really long story with zero affirmation from the public and very little economic reimbursement. The typical writer makes about 6-8k a year. It doesn't take much to distill that number into cash-per-hours and realize that writers are a bunch to be pitied.

On the other hand, I believe Gardner implicitly argues on behalf of art in a STEM economy. As Gardner steps from advice to advice lacing between honest words of encouragement and warning, he always touches on the potentiality of novel writing. To quote one of his more explicit passages on the impact of novels,

"If we ask ourselves what usefulness or value such writers have, we at once recognize that they're so various as to make no single answer possible. Some, like Evelyn Waugh, allow us the pleasure of a moral holiday: we relax our fair-mindedness and civility and for a brief period take nasty delight in hearing the worst said of people and institutions we, too, in our more childish moments, love to scorn. Some, like Nabokov, present serious and moral visions of the world but do it in such a way (by irony and nastiness) that no underlying softness or piety undermines the effect. Some, like Donald Barthelme, simple present themselves as fascinating oddities of nature -- or of literature gone awry. The list of possibilities might be extended. What all such writers have in common is their bold idiosyncrasy, their happy pursuit of their own unique paths in the labyrinthine pluralistic woods. Sometimes such writers explicitly deny, as William Glass does, that fiction is capable of presenting anything broader than a quirky individual vision. Whatever their claims, they present, in effect, portraits or comic cartoons of the artist, and we judge them exactly as we judge stand-up comedians like B. Cosby or comic actors like W.C. Fields, by the consistency and accuracy of observations with which they present us their staged selves, their friends, enemies, memories, peculiar hopes, and crank opinions."

There are, of course, some really helpful (or I suppose them to be helpful since I"m unfamiliar w/ the Rules) advice on practical matters related to the writing profession. I will admit that I felt a strange tension reading this book on how to write a novel while simultaneously reading Infinite Jest by DFW. Infinite Jest breaks nearly every rule that Gardner says is essential.

I guess it's impossible to understate the formlessness of art.
Profile Image for Lorena.
Author 9 books504 followers
November 20, 2015
John Gardners books are not for "popular" writers because though that category existed in his heyday of the 70s and 80s, self publishing did not. So he could not imagine then where writing has gone. His books are for the "serious" writer, who reads constantly, deeply and broadly, and is aware of the great, good, ugly, and bad categories of literature worldwide. Authors who don't read widely will probably not appreciate him. There are many erudite references, and I say this in the best possible way.

On the other hand, I got a lot more out of Stephen King's "On Writing," though Gardner is certainly more of a soul-mate artistically, and was Ray Carver's teacher, who up until recently who I usually identified as my favorite writer.

Now I prefer both Jim Harrison and Thomas McGuane to Carver. And not to lose the connection here, but Jim Harrison is a prime example of a writer who refused to enter the academic world of teaching writing, whereas John Gardner made a dedicated career out of it. I mourn that I didn't learn directly from Gardner in the classroom, but I like Jim Harrison's writing far better. And he is far more prolific than Gardner was only partly because he didn't die young in a motorcycle accident. The other reason is that he wasn't being drained by the demands of teaching.

I've taught writing. I had to quit it before I found the time and focus to write.
Profile Image for Amy.
2,805 reviews562 followers
July 14, 2023
This book is a strange combination of encouraging, inspiring, and irrelevant.
On the one hand, as he describes the would-be novelist, it can feel legitimizing. He has a very narrow audience in mind: those who want to make a living as novelists. But even for those aiming for something a little less lofty, his description of a writer and the tenacity it takes can feel like a rallying call.
I also think his description of the writing process is fascinating, though biased towards literary fiction. He talks about writer's block, discouragement, and the 'dream like' quality of things coming together. His fiction doesn't interest me much but I love his nonfiction prose. His style is the sort to inspire you to use a semicolon occasionally.
Published in 1983 (apparently posthumously, though I'm not seeing confirmation of this) it does provide a somewhat dated description of the publishing process. For example, his advice about writing letters to would-be editors, while still practical (don't be an ass about it), also includes gems like "make sure your handwritten pages are legible." (He has several paragraphs analyzing the pros and cons of using a typewriter as a opposed to hand-writing a novel.)
Gardner also leans heavily on poetry and short stories with his examples, which I don't think have as much literary appeal today.
Overall, though, this is a solid read and one I hope to own someday for more careful review.
Profile Image for Shuhan Rizwan.
Author 5 books1,018 followers
June 16, 2022
সাড়ে তিন।

প্রথম অধ্যায়টাই বইয়ের প্রায় দুই তৃতীয়াংশ জুড়ে, দীর্ঘদিন ধরে বহু তরুণ ঔপন্যাসিকদের কাছ থেকে দেখার অভিজ্ঞতাটা কাজে লাগিয়ে জন গার্ডেনার এখানে কিছু পর্যবেক্ষণ উপস্থাপন করেছেন। তার নিজের সৃজনশীল লেখালেখির ধার চমৎকারভাবে প্রকাশিত সেখানে।

বইয়ের বাকি অধ্যায়গুলো পাশ্চাত্যের প্রকাশনা শিল্পের জন্য প্রযোজ্য, পড়তেও অপেক্ষাকৃত কাঠখোট্টা।
Profile Image for Theo.
122 reviews68 followers
June 1, 2022
Foundational. Absolutely foundational. The friendly kick in the arse I needed to finally convince myself to get my head down and write something which is completely trite, derivative and without merit.
Profile Image for David.
Author 18 books388 followers
June 6, 2010
This slim volume is an easy read with a lot of insightful commentary by a well-respected writer. I've never read any of Gardner's novels, but I may have to try one just to see how what he said about the writing process played out in practice. The book is a mix of "How to write" fundamentals that go deeper than just "Don't overuse adverbs" and personal reflections on how the writing process works for him. It's aimed quite explicitly at those who really want to make a career as a novelist, not just those who think they want to write a novel, and it's also heavily biased towards literary fiction; he tries to acknowledge sci-fi/fantasy and mysteries and other genres without sounding dismissive, but somewhat reluctantly.

Some of the most useful bits are when Gardner analyzes snippets from authors like Melville and Hemingway and himself, and shows why a particular piece of writing does or does not show the author's best work, and how you can see even the masters developing their craft over time.

Besides the writing process, he also talks about the writing career, including what you can do with an MFA besides be a novelist (answer: teach), day jobs that are good for writers (there's a bit of naivete in his suggestion that any would-be writer can go get a job like fire watcher that allows lots of unsupervised writing time), and writing workshops. Some of the nuts and bolts stuff is dated now: Gardner died in 1982, so there is no mention of word processors or the internet, both of which have obviously had a major impact on the writing profession. But most of it is still relevant, and will always be relevant as long as there are novelists.
Profile Image for Lara.
38 reviews5 followers
October 11, 2023
A mind-opener, both in terms of philosophy and developmental growth; It's one of those things that finds you, instead of the other way around. It couldn't have landed in my life at a more perfect time. A book I'd recommend to every writer.
Profile Image for John Wiswell.
Author 46 books636 followers
August 6, 2013
A profound book for the beginning or emerging novelist. In very few pages Gardner shreds through the work of being a novelist, from experimenting and workshopping all the way through the submissions process and the self-doubts of someone who's sold twenty successful novels. It's all information a writer ought to know: the personal sacrifices, how hard it can be to afford to write or find a job that leaves you with the energy to pursue it, the difficulty of connecting with agents and editors, how workshops can go wrong and how to spot what's working. He is so frank that it's occasionally jarring, especially when he takes you into how he wrote some of his own scenes.

Despite covering most of the topics that emerge in a novelist's career, he seldom seems to skimp on depth. Gardner knew pith. There's an excoriating section on how amateurish it is to deliberately withhold information in order to shock readers with a twist, and how to get around it by setting up points of view or characters that would only have the information we do, and stories that are about those turns in more than just shock value. It results in the axiom: "In the final analysis, real suspense comes with moral dilemma and the courage to make and act upon choices. False suspense comes from the accidental and meaningless occurrence of one damned thing after another."

Part of Gardner's brevity is the result of axiomatic thinking. He can be reductive, though more often he's steadfast is believing something like piercing writer's block can be achieved many ways and he won't bother quibbling over differing approaches. He'll name them, say if he knows cases where they worked, and blast on. It amounts to an incredibly concentrated and earnest book about what writing is like.

The boldest parts are where Gardner rips open his own compositions, exposing times when he was utterly hung up on useless and unimportant details, and more shakingly, how a trance of composition feels and works. He has a case study on himself writing the end of Grendel, which reads as self-congratulatory, but also goes to depths most writers never talk about. His hang-ups, prejudices, desires, and his utter ceding of agency to this fictional point of view spill out in ways you've probably experienced, but that we are usually glib or mum about. These passages are invaluable, if only to let you know other people really do work this way. That's the best thing about the book assuring you, by profound admissions, that a writer is not alone in his or her experiences, and he does it with a clarity that you just won't get on Camp NaNoWriMo or Reddit. It's something I'll give to many young aspiring novelists I know.
Profile Image for René.
Author 9 books46 followers
January 22, 2015
Well, this book could really be titled "On Becoming a Novelist in America" because it's really US-centric. The rest of the world, for instance, won't care that Iowa has a good creative writing program but that Stanford's is no slouch either. But that doesn't take anything away from it, a mix of craft guide, insider wisdom and above all the cumulative experience of the author's many years teaching creative writing in a university setting.

It's enlightening to read that creative writing teachers, while not exactly making it up as they go along, hold to a diverse set of values and goals, though he affirms that in the end it doesn't matter what values are used so long as the students are free to adopt or buck them. No values is bad values, because it leaves the student at the mercy of fashion and unending subjectivity.
Any fledgling writer will want to pay close attention to the section that highlights the signs that you may be in a bad workshop.

I really enjoyed the author's take on the pithy one-liners that circulate in writing circles. For instance, "show, don't tell" isn't widely applicable at all, it only applies to describing emotions and internal states, or which basic adjectives are often wanting. "Write what you know" is another one that, while not debunked, gets a deeper treatment than it suggests. Theme is not all that’s it’s hyped either.

There's stuff to keep from it and anyone reading it will disregard certain aspects or passages, but the weight of experience in this work is apparent and enriching.
Profile Image for Kirtida Gautam.
Author 2 books131 followers
October 16, 2016
I love myself that I read this book. I needed this book like people need food and water. For survival. Novel writing came as an accident to me. A happy accident. I had a story. I felt compelled (even though ill equipped at that time) to tell that story. The story would not leave me alone, and I would not leave the story alone. I wrote it like a manic. Long story short. Today that story is my first novel #iAm16iCan. I followed it writing my second novel. But as my educational background is in natural sciences, clinical psychology, theatre and dramatics, and even film studies (From FTII, Pune) but not in fiction writing or English literature, I never felt SURE if I am a novelist. I had all the symptoms!
This book turned out to be my DSM-5. It confirmed me that I am a novelist. Life time condition. I will have stay on the medication of writing words in the novel format for the rest of my life else I will drive myself and my family crazy.
Profile Image for Jordan.
Author 5 books108 followers
May 26, 2020
Fourth reading, May 2020, as I make the first serious round of corrections on The Wanderer. Read for the third time, November 2017. Read in the novel writing class in which I began No Snakes in Iceland, Spring 2007. Read again after finishing it, spring or summer 2008. Refreshingly blunt about what it takes to write and honest about the inability to prescribe hard and fast rules. Gardner comes across as abrasive to some, but I find him welcoming, honest, and inspiring. But then I always did like my scariest, most intimidating, and arrogant-seeming teachers.
Profile Image for Michelle Stockard Miller.
397 reviews159 followers
January 31, 2021
Some sound advice here. The first and longest section, The Writer's Nature, contains advice on not being overly pretentious from a man who actually sounds pretty pretentious. That being said, the part on pages 33-34 about 'show, don't tell' is probably the best I've read on the subject since King's "On Writing," and it's only a paragraph long. Pretty amazing. Thinking of copying it down to have beside me as I'm writing. Definitely a book any writer would benefit from reading.
Profile Image for C.G. Fewston.
Author 9 books100 followers
June 8, 2017
On Becoming a Novelist (1983) by John Gardner is a book every novelist, amateur or professional, should read (at least three times) to better understand the complete dynamics and responsibility required to become a true novelist who pursues the craft as an art form.

The great short story writer Raymond Carver, who was a former pupil of Gardner, remembers his teacher telling him at Chico State to “read all the Faulkner you can get your hands on, and then read all of Hemingway to clean the Faulkner out of your system” (p xv).

Carver goes on to explain in the book’s Foreword that Gardner represented something deeper than literature when Gardner instructed his university students in creative writing. Carver explains:

“It was his conviction that if the words in the story were blurred because of the author’s insensitivity, carelessness, or sentimentality, then the story suffered from a tremendous handicap. But there was something even worse and something that must be avoided at all costs: if the words and the sentiments were dishonest, the author was faking it, writing about things he didn’t care about or believe in, then nobody could ever care anything about it.

“A writer’s values and craft. This is what the man taught and what he stood for, and this is what I’ve kept by me in the years since that brief but all-important time” (p xvii).

After reading On Becoming a Novelist for the third time, one begins to see Carver’s point in how Gardner, a true mentor, believed in a novelist having a certain set of values, constitution, and character to undertake a lifetime of writing stories and novels.

In the Preface, Gardner pulls no punches as he elaborates why he wrote this book (which he used as part of his creative writing courses) and to illustrate which kind of writer the book was meant to inspire and instruct.

“On some subjects—for instance, writers’ workshops—one is tempted to pull punches or rest satisfied with oversimplified answers; but I’m assuming, as the primary reader of this book, an intensely serious beginning novelist who wants the strict truth (as I perceive it) for his life’s sake, so that he can plan his days of technique, theory, and attitude; and become as quickly and efficiently as possible a master of his craft” (p xxii).

What does Gardner mean, then, when he writes that this book is for the “serious beginning novelist”?

“The question becomes easier to answer if the would-be writer means not just ‘someone who can get published’ but ‘a serious novelist,’ that is, a dedicated, uncompromising artist,’” Gardner elaborates, “and not just someone who can publish a story now and then—in other words, if the beginning writer is the kind of person this book is mainly written for” (p 1).

The book, therefore, is not for the weak hearted and indolent of spirit. The book is for serious novelists who have written each day in the calming shade of obscurity for twenty years in order to improve himself, or herself, in the creation of literature as art. The book is not for those who easily win awards on account of their ideological and political content (judges and editors often feel sympathetic for such writers and, as a result, these judges and editors desire to show their empathy for these writers who vomit onto the page “sob stories” about their identities and troubled past when in fact these writers have barely lived and have not fully experienced life and have done nothing of significance nor importance to warrant a book or even a single essay of non-fiction) and then to have these writers do nothing with their writing careers later on in life is all too familiar. This book is for the true novelist who does not seek acceptance from others nor awards from organizations nor acclaim from the masses but seeks in the lonely, personal struggle the perfection of his, or her, own craft as a higher form of art to add to the overwhelming ocean of literature.

“I write for those who desire, not publication at any cost, but publication one can be proud of—serious, honest fiction,” explains Gardner in the Preface, “the kind of novel that readers will find they enjoy reading more than once, the kind of fiction likely to survive. Fine workmanship—art that avoids cheap and easy effects, takes no shortcuts, struggles never to lie even about the most trifling matters (such as which object, precisely, an angry man might pick up to throw at his kitchen wall, or whether a given character would in fact say ‘you aren’t’ or the faintly more assertive ‘you’re not’)—workmanship, in short, that impresses us partly by its painstaking care, gives pleasure and a sense of life’s worth and dignity not only to the reader but to the writer as well. This book is for the beginning novelist who has already figured out that it is far more satisfying to write well than simply to write well enough to get published” (p xxiii).

Gardner does seem to echo his own life as a writer before being published, which took him longer than most other writers of his generation (Gardner published his first book The Resurrection in 1966 at the age of 33). He understands the frustrations and barriers many novelists live under as they set upon the long, arduous journey of setting words to page to form a story into a worthy book that readers will one day cherish as much as the writer.

Even Cormac McCarthy wrote and published books (much beloved by critics but not so much by the populous) for three decades before becoming a national sensation with All the Pretty Horses in 1992, and it would take McCarthy another fifteen years to win the 2007 Pulitzer Prize in Fiction with his 2006 novel, The Road. (McCarthy’s first book The Orchard Keeper was published in 1965 and won the 1966 William Faulkner Foundation Award for notable first novel.)

“Spending a lifetime writing novels is hard enough to justify in any case,” writes Gardner, “but spending a lifetime writing novels nobody wants is much harder. If ten or twelve critics praise one’s work and the rest of the world ignores it, it is hard to keep up one’s conviction that the friendly critics are not crackpots. This is not to say that the serious writer should try to write for everyone—try to win the audience both of Saul Bellow and of Stephen King. But if one tries to write for nobody, only for some pure and unearthly ideal of aesthetic perfection, one is apt to lose heart” (p 9).

Certainly being an aesthete must be a part of being a novelist but Gardner also knows that there is something else a novelist must do, must become if he, or she, wishes to create literature which aspires to the heavenly heights of art and for the novelist to have a successful career writing books and stories people long to read more than once.

“For another kind of novelist the accuracy required is, I think, of a higher order, infinitely more difficult to achieve. This is the novelist who moves like a daemon from one body—one character—to another. Rather than master the tics and oddities of his own being and learn how to present them in an appealing way—and rather than capture other people in the manner of a cunning epigrammist or malicious gossip—he must learn to step outside himself, see and feel things from every human—and inhuman—point of view. He must be able to report, with convincing precision, how the world looks to a child, a young woman, an elderly murderer, or the governor of Utah. He must learn, by staring intently into the dream he dreams over his typewriter, to distinguish the subtlest differences between the speech and feeling of his various characters, himself as impartial and detached as God, giving all human beings their due and acknowledging their frailties. Insofar as he pretends not to private vision but to omniscience, he cannot as a rule, love some of his characters and despise others…

“The beginning novelist who has the gift for inhabiting other lives has perhaps the best chance for success” (p 30).

Gardner’s advice on the process of becoming a true novelist and on most aspects of the writing process, especially the fundamentals to understanding the Elements of Story (see the chapter: “The Writer’s Nature”) and his thoughts on publication in the chapter “Publication and Survival” lays the absolute, undeniable truth out for the reader to better understand the choices required for someone to give his or her time, energy and life to the sacred calling of being a novelist. No easy task by any means.

[You might also like to try reading John Gardner’s other books on writing called: On Moral Fiction (1979); The Art of Fiction (1983); and, On Writers and Writing (1994). All are superb and worth several readings.]

On Becoming a Novelist is neatly and precisely packed with tons of advice, suggestions and some warnings onto every page of this rather short book of only 145 pages, which ends in a chapter titled “Faith,” because all true novelists need to have a little faith.

Keep reading and smiling…


Profile Image for Lee Kofman.
Author 8 books126 followers
December 23, 2019
Less a how-to, this book is primarily concerned with the ethical and moral qualities that are essential for a good novelist. The least-moralistic book on morals I've read - a real inspiration and treasure, and yet it is also packed with useful practical advice (without suggesting any 'rules').
Profile Image for Phèdre Banshee.
99 reviews22 followers
July 14, 2017
A quel tempo avevo già affrontato la penosa verità con la quale ogni giovane scrittore impegnato deve alla fine fare i conti: il fatto di essere solo.

Sono arrivata a questo manuale leggendo Il mestiere di scrivere di Raymond Carver, dove l'autore dedica alcune pagine per parlare del suo mentore, John Gardner.

Uno dei suoi principi fondamentali era che uno scrittore scopriva ciò che voleva dire man mano che capiva ciò che aveva detto. […] Credeva nella revisione, nella revisione continua; era una cosa che gli stava molto a cuore e che secondo lui era fondamentale per gli scrittori, in qualsiasi fase della loro evoluzione. E sembrava non perdere mai la pazienza rileggendo il racconto di uno studente, anche nel caso che lo avesse già visto in cinque precedenti versioni.

Quelle stesse pagine sono state riportate anche in questo manuale come prefazione. È davvero interessante leggere come viene descritto dall’esterno.

Parlava di James Joyce e Flaubert e Isak Dinesen come se vivessero dietro l’angolo, a Yuba City. Diceva: «Sono qui sia per dirvi quali scrittori dovete leggere che per insegnarvi a scrivere». Di solito uscivo di classe stordito e me ne andavo diritto in biblioteca a cercare i libri degli scrittori di cui parlava.

Senza dubbio, una delle utilità maggiori di questo libro è il grande numero di autori che Gardner nomina e consiglia di leggere per capirne la tecnica. Ve ne riporto qui alcuni che ho già letto o provvederò a leggere:

Conrad, Cechov, Dickens, Stevenson, Tolstoj, Melville, Bellow, Joyce, Oates, Nickleby, Austen, Hemingway, Mann, Bradbury, Vonnegut, Calvino, Irving, Miller, Asimov, Lem.

Ritengo che chiunque stia dando un’occhiata a questa prefazione per vedere se valga o meno la pena di comprare questo libro, o prenderlo in prestito dalla biblioteca o rubarlo (non fatelo), lo stia facendo per un paio di motivi. O si tratta di un romanziere esordiente che vuole sapere se il libro può essergli utile, oppure di un insegnante di scrittura che spera di rendersi conto, senza eccessivo dispendio di energia, che razza di truffa si stia tramando questa volta da parte di improvvisati imbroglioni ai danni del loro bersaglio preferito.

Gardner ci conquista subito con un ritmo incalzante e un’ironia sottile che ben bilancia gli argomenti molto seri per ogni aspirante scrittore.
Non scrivo per chi desidera essere pubblicato a ogni costo, ma per coloro i quali desiderano la pubblicazione di un’opera di cui essere fieri — una narrativa seria, onesta, quel genere di romanzo che i lettori troveranno piacevole leggere e rileggere, il genere di narrativa che probabilmente rimarrà. […] Questo è un libro per il romanziere esordiente che si è già reso conto del fatto che le soddisfazioni che dà lo scrivere bene sono molte di più di quelle che dà lo scrivere bene-quanto-basta per essere pubblicato.


Non mi soffermerò troppo sull’aspetto tecnico, perché sono tutte cose che vanno lette nel loro insieme e studiate. Vi dirò solo che sono spiegate in modo molto originale e sono davvero utili; inoltre Gadner, per quanto affronti la cosa seriamente, fa morire dal ridere. Ad esempio quando definisce gli scrittori straripanti di banalità e cliché come delle “Pollyanna evangelizzate”:
L’esempio più ovvio è lo scrittore che non riesce a muovere un passo senza servirsi di frasi tipo «con un lampo di felicità negli occhi», o «la deliziosa coppia di gemelli», o «l’eco della sua sonora risata»: espressioni prive di vita, emozioni meccaniche, da zombie, di uno scrittore che nella vita quotidiana non prova alcuna sensazione o comunque non crede a ciò che sente in misura sufficiente da cercare di definirlo con parole proprie, […] Il problema è che non si tratta solo di clichés (logori, abusati), ma che questo linguaggio è sintomatico di uno sfondo psicologico che conduce all’atrofia.


Più dell’aspetto tecnico, ciò che mi ha colpito di più è l’intento dell’autore di far sapere agli aspiranti scrittori che quello che stanno passando è normale, che ci sono persone come lui che capiscono perfettamente dinamiche e situazioni che, per chi non scrive, sono del tutto estranee.
Secondo la mia esperienza, non c’è niente di più difficile, per lo scrittore in fase di maturazione, del fatto di vincere la preoccupazione di stare prendendo in giro se stesso, ingannando o mettendo in imbarazzo la sua famiglia e i suoi amici.


Fallimento e speranze infrante sono comuni a tutti noi. Il sospetto che stiamo imbarcando acqua e che nella nostra vita le cose non vadano nel modo che avevamo programmato colpisce prima o poi la maggior parte di noi. Verso i diciannove anni hai un’idea abbastanza precisa di alcune delle cose che non diventerai; ma più spesso questa coscienza dei propri limiti, la comprensione realmente profonda, ha luogo nella tarda giovinezza o all’inizio della mezza età. Non c’è insegnante o istruzione, per quanto vasta, che possa trasformare in scrittore qualcuno che sia costituzionalmente incapace di diventare prima d’ogni altra cosa uno scrittore.


Io mi sono commossa più volte nel leggerlo, perché quando ti ritrovi in qualcun altro, chiunque esso sia, ti rendi conto di non essere solo o, per lo meno, di non essere l’unico. Quest’uomo era uno scrittore americano morto nell’82, e adesso nel 2017 mi ha risollevato, dal punto di vista creativo, come nessuno era mai riuscito. La meraviglia della narrativa.
Dato che la sua è un’arte tanto difficile, è improbabile che faccia carriera nel mondo con la stessa evidenza dei suoi vicini di casa: mentre i suoi migliori amici del liceo o del college diventano i soci più giovani di prestigiosi studi legali, o fondano imprese funebri di loro proprietà, lo scrittore potrebbe stare ancora sudando sul suo primo romanzo. Anche se ha pubblicato uno o due racconti su periodici di tutto rispetto, egli dubita di se stesso. Nei miei anni d’insegnamento, ho visto spesso dei giovani scrittori di indubbio talento rimproverare se stessi quasi al punto di bloccarsi perché sentivano che non stavano adempiendo ai propri obblighi familiari e sociali, sentivano — anche quando diversi racconti erano stati accettati — che stavano deludendo se stessi. Ogni lettera di rifiuto è annientante, e la gentile esortazione di un genitore — «Non pensi che sarebbe ora che tu avessi dei bambini, Marta?» — può essere causa di una crisi spirituale. Solo un carattere forte, rinsaldato da poche persone che credono in lui, riesce a far superare allo scrittore questo periodo. Egli deve in qualche modo convincersi di avere un atteggiamento serio nei confronti della vita, tanto serio da voler correre grandi rischi. Deve trovare dei modi — uno humour sardonico, o qualsiasi altra cosa — per deviare i colpi crudeli o benevoli che vengono inferti al suo amor proprio.


E la cosa più bella è che Gardner non solo fornisce comprensione, ma dà anche dei consigli per affrontare tutto al meglio.
Ogni lettera di rifiuto è annientante, e la gentile esortazione di un genitore — «Non pensi che sarebbe ora che tu avessi dei bambini, Marta?» — può essere causa di una crisi spirituale. Solo un carattere forte, rinsaldato da poche persone che credono in lui, riesce a far superare allo scrittore questo periodo. Egli deve in qualche modo convincersi di avere un atteggiamento serio nei confronti della vita, tanto serio da voler correre grandi rischi. Deve trovare dei modi — uno humour sardonico, o qualsiasi altra cosa — per deviare i colpi crudeli o benevoli che vengono inferti al suo amor proprio.


Il fatto di essere messi sotto torchio è utile solo se costringe lo scrittore, invece che al suicidio, a scrivere splendidi capolavori, permettendogli di essere indifferente al fatto che il romanzo venda o non venda, sia o non sia apprezzato.


Il miglior modo che esista al mondo per superare il blocco dello scrittore consiste nello scrivere molto. Chiacchierando a ruota libera sul foglio, si viene indotti a provare interesse, tutto d’un tratto, per le cose che si stanno dicendo, ed ecco: il magico fluido torna a scorrere.


Anche il discorso su cercare altri aspiranti scrittori per formarsi una propria cerchia di sostegno e confronto è stato molto interessante, al punto che mi sono decisa ad iscrivermi a dei corsi di scrittura, proprio mentre leggevo questo manuale.
I buoni scrittori sono, in fin dei conti, delle persone intelligenti. Avrebbero potuto essere dirigenti, politici o scienziati. Può darsi che non amino o non vogliano tali lavori, ma sarebbero in grado di farli, e per certi versi uno qualunque di questi lavori potrebbe essere più facile. Ciò che impedisce al giovane scrittore che possiede la potenzialità per raggiungere il successo di ripiegare su un qualche percorso che goda di un’approvazione più generale, forse più agevole, è la comunità letteraria. […] È senza dubbio vero che, il più delle volte, è la comunità letteraria a salvare lo scrittore dalla sua follia. Questa comunità si compone in parte di sciocchi: giovani innocenti che non hanno ancora acquisito l’esperienza necessaria per apprezzare qualsiasi altra cosa che non sia la scrittura, e fanatici che, avendo preso in considerazione altre cose, pensano che scrivere sia l’unica cosa veramente preziosa che la mente umana può fare.


Gardner inoltre risponde anche a domande che spesso gli vengono fatte ma che, per questioni di tempo, non può mai approfondire.
La domanda che uno rivolge al giovane scrittore che vuole sapere se possiede o meno le qualità che gli sono necessarie è questa: «È scrivere romanzi quello che vuoi fare? Quello che vuoi realmente fare?».
Se il giovane scrittore risponde di sì, allora tutto ciò che si può dire è: fallo. Di fatto, è quello che comunque farà.


Per essere psicologicamente qualificati ad appartenere a quella che ho definito come categoria superiore di romanzieri, lo scrittore non deve solo essere capace di comprendere le persone diverse da lui, ma deve subirne il fascino. Deve avere sufficiente stima di sé da non sentirsi minacciato dalla diversità, sufficiente calore umano e comprensione, sufficiente interesse per l’imparzialità di cui ha bisogno per apprezzare persone diverse da lui, e infine deve avere, secondo la mia opinione, una sufficiente fiducia nella positività della vita, tale da poter non solo tollerare ma anche celebrare un mondo di diversità, conflitti, contrasti.


Di solito, l’unico talento che non possa essere coltivato è quello che non esiste affatto.


Per scrivere un grande romanzo bisogna essere solo un po’ svitati. Bisogna essere capaci di consentire ai lati più oscuri, più remoti e acuti del proprio essere di prendere in mano le redini del lavoro, di tanto in tanto. Oppure, di quando in quando, bisogna essere capaci di lasciar filtrare attraverso la porta l’intensa follia della vita stessa. […] La stranezza è la sola dote nella narrativa che non si può simulare.


Uno dei migliori manuali di scrittura che abbia mai letto. È un romanzo che ti lascia qualcosa, anche a distanza di tempo, fornisce strumenti per riprendere/continuare a scrivere che vanno oltre la semplice tecnica, è qualcosa che si radica ancora più a fondo. Gardner con la sua onestà disarmante mi ha conquistata, e prima o poi imparerò l’inglese abbastanza da leggere e apprezzare qualche sua pubblicazione. Nel frattempo, cercherò di leggere quanti più autori da lui nominati, e poi rileggerò di questo manuale.
Il peggio che possa capitare allo scrittore che prova e fallisce — a meno che non abbia delle opinioni gonfiate o mistiche di ciò che rappresenta il fatto di essere un romanziere — è di scoprire che per lui scrivere non è il luogo deputato della gioia e della soddisfazione. È più facile per una persona non riuscire a diventare un uomo d’affari di successo che non un artista.


Passare tutta la vita a scrivere romanzi è un’occupazione difficile da giustificare in ogni caso, ma passarla a scrivere romanzi che nessuno ha voglia di leggere è ancora più difficile.


Gli scrittori da quattro soldi hanno talvolta abbastanza successo, sono perfino ammirati. Ma, dal mio punto di vista, sono di scarsa utilità per il genere umano.


Il romanziere esordiente che ha il dono di abitare altre vite ha forse le maggiori probabilità di successo.


Ogni bambino sa per intuito (nella misura in cui gli piacciono le storie: a certi bambini non piacciono) quali sono i requisiti della buona narrativa ma, quando arriva all’adolescenza, le sue idee sono diventate un po’ confuse a furia di esser costretto dai suoi insegnanti a leggere cose che in realtà sono porcherie, a furia di essere preso in giro se legge un buon libro di fumetti, e di essere messo in guardia, se prende in mano Delitto e castigo: «Harold, non è ancora il momento».
Giunto al secondo o al terzo anno di college, è probabile che il suo stato di confusione abbia raggiunto livelli abbastanza profondi, immaginando, per esempio, che nella narrativa la cosa più importante sia «il soggetto».
Niente, lasciatemelo sostenere, può essere più lontano dalla verità dell’opinione secondo cui il soggetto è tutto. […] Il soggetto è come i pavimenti e i sostegni della struttura di una bella casa antica: è indispensabile ma di norma non è ciò che mozza il fiato al lettore.


Tutti gli scrittori si arricchiscono per mezzo di elogi e pubblicazioni: il romanziere è lo scrittore che fa l’investimento più grosso, più a lungo termine, un investimento che può rendere come non rendere. […] Può lavorare per settimane, per mesi perfino, senza perdere la concentrazione e confondersi, ma prima o poi — almeno per quanto mi insegna la mia esperienza — lo scrittore arriva a rendersi conto di essere perduto.


Quindi il primo pregio di un seminario per scrittori è quello di far sentire al giovane scrittore che non solo non è una persona anormale, ma che è una persona onesta. […] Perciò, se non altro per motivi psicologici, anche un cattivo seminario può essere meglio di niente.


Per quanto dura sia la fibra del contadino che c’è dentro di lui, ogni scrittore ha bisogno di persone che credano in lui, gli offrano una spalla su cui piangere, e apprezzino le stesse cose che apprezza lui. Se non ha tutte queste cose, potrebbe provare a cambiare amici.


In qualsiasi modo si affronti il problema, ciò che lo scrittore deve fare, posto che non sia ricco in partenza, è trovare qualche tipo di lavoro che gli sia congeniale e che non divori tutto il suo tempo e le sue energie.


Da dove trae fiducia lo scrittore? In parte, come abbiamo visto, dal sostegno della comunità. Il costante incoraggiamento degli amici rende più facile scivolare nel sogno e sopportare il duro lavoro dell’imparare sia a controllare che ad ascoltare la lingua. E in parte viene dall’amore disinteressato dello scrittore per la propria arte — un piacere della scrittura (indipendentemente dal fatto che si tratti di cose scritte da lui o da altri) che per un attimo gli fa dimenticare i suoi limiti. Ecco perché è spesso utile, quando non si riesce a scrivere, leggere le opere di qualcuno degli scrittori che uno preferisce. Il mondo di sogno e la danza della lingua dello scrittore più autorevole finiscono per irrompergli nella mente, e la sua personale capacità di sognare e giocare con le parole finisce per sbloccarsi. Si comincia a scrivere, e se il sogno è sufficientemente intenso, e le parole offrono una sufficiente collaborazione, gli errori della prima stesura hanno la stessa facoltà di distrarlo che ha una mosca in un angolo della stanza, presente ma non insopportabile, a patto che lo scrittore sia profondamente coinvolto in quello che sta facendo e sia convinto che il risultato giustificherà probabilmente la fatica.


Infine, il vero romanziere è quello che non lascia perdere. Scrivere romanzi non è tanto una professione quanto uno yoga, una «via», un’alternativa alla normale vita-nel-mondo. […] Per coloro che sono veramente votati alla professione, i guadagni spirituali sono sufficienti.

Profile Image for Jake.
32 reviews
November 9, 2022
On Becoming a Novelist, by John Gardner is a philosophical oriented approach to the struggles that novelists face.

Many questions are asked, few are answered, and pessimism prevails. I feel like I read the Gardner method of coping with lack of success as a writer. He brings you up with a grounded look at the difficulties of being published, the grind of writing, crafting the perfect sentence, and on and on, then slams you down with his own failures and all but extinguishes the flame one has carefully nurtured through consistency and hard work. We are truly sorry your novels remain obscure, but some of us have work to do.

This is also a book about NOVELISTS, which to Gardner means the high art of book writing. He politely mentions and dismisses genre writing. For him, each sentence must be crafted through hours of exertion. Entire days must disappear with only small paragraphs deemed worthy. After spending days on end cooped up in a room, separated from the world, would one even be qualified to write about life?

I spent most of my time reading between the lines, desperately trying to unearth buried gems of advice. I would not recommend this book to a young writer, or any writer, unless they were certain of their conviction and desire to write.

Rating: 3/10
Profile Image for J.S. Leonard.
Author 2 books25 followers
March 7, 2015
Whether apprentice or accomplished, every author should read this book. It's a sobering pill to swallow, most of the time, but good medicine nonetheless.

Today's publishing landscape has a different rolling sprawl than in Gardner's day, so his outlining of a writer's journey to that of a published one is at odds with what is available to the modern, aspiring novelist. This may very well be the reason to read it. It shines insight on a dark and bygone age and, if one is practiced in self-publishing, provides great encouragement and appreciation for the tools at our ready.

Gardner is one of those artists whose deep investment into their craft can shake an onlooker into feeling belittled or shameful or unworthy. His passion borderlines neurotic--and it makes one wonder if they have what it takes. We do. It's just a matter of diligent application and an aversion to quitting. Or, at least, this is what John wants us to believe.

I believe him.
Profile Image for Graham Oliver.
800 reviews9 followers
February 20, 2013
Next time Tobias Wolff tells me to read a book I won't wait so long...

This is a smart, funny look at what it takes to be a novelist. Obviously, you shouldn't read it expecting to learn what you need to change about yourself in order to become one--like my other favorite book on writing, Stephen King's On Writing, this is just a collection of observations and anecdotes. Some of it borders on the annoying, like the hyperbolic descriptions of what characteristics the personality of a good writer has, but the bulk of it is immensely clever with a few small bits of good advice. I especially plan on rereading the workshop section when I begin teaching them.
Profile Image for Rose.
1,920 reviews1,067 followers
March 3, 2013
Proper review to come soon. I actually quite liked this insight on writing practice, personality, and guidelines from Gardner. It's not so much a "how to" guide in the sense of walking you through aspects of writing, but noting some of the strengths and attributes a writer must have in order to be successful at their craft. Many of these factors I've learned over time and practice, and he does urge the writer to practice in order to sharpen the senses and experiences needed.
2,789 reviews
Read
June 6, 2019
The author's advice to would-be writers

This book is not for me. The author obviously values the classics and taking your time to choose each and every word. Me - I like (gasp!) science fiction and horror. And generally not the type of science fiction that this author grudgingly admits can be good.
Profile Image for Tim Porter.
Author 98 books4 followers
June 26, 2020
To repeat what I’ve said in other places, reading about writing is easier, and often more satisfying, than actually doing the writing.

John Gardner’s On Becoming a Novelist (1983) is on most short lists of books about creative writing. Gardner’s advice is not for the faint of heart, weak of will or others who prefer a cozy cuddle with a kitten to being handed a cat-o-nine tails by an unsmiling master and ordered to self-flagellate.

Gardner is the grumpy uncle who visits every Thanksgiving and uses the opportunity to warn the nieces and nephews trapped at the dinner table that the future is grim, that suffering is promised, and that reward for their efforts may be nothing more than finishing what they started. In the case of a writer, this would be typing the final period of the book.

Advance at your own risk, grits Gardner. The road to writing suffers no fools, but provides, if not a guaranteed destination, a pathway through life for those willing to keep putting one foot in front of another.

Some of Gardner’s counsel, not all of it curmudgeonly:

* The worst that can happen to the writer who tries and fails ... is that he will discover that, for him, writing is not the best place to seek joy and satisfaction. More people fail at becoming successful businessmen than fail at becoming artists.

* Normal people, people who haven’t been misled by a faulty college education, do not read novels for words alone.

* The arts too can be taught, up to a point; ... one does not learn the arts, one simply catches on.

* To be psychologically suite for membership in what I have called the highest class of novelists, the writer must not be only capable of understanding people different from himself but fascinated by such people.

* ... the arrogance of the young has also to do with the age-old idealism of teachers, who forever harp ... on how the former generation failed and the world’s salvation is up to the new generation.

* ... nothing is harder for the developing writer than overcoming his anxiety that he is fooling himself and cheating or embarrassing his family and friends.

* No human activity I know takes more time than writing ...

* It helps not to be a dupe, to be, instead, a person of independent mind, not carried away by fads; and it may help to be a slow, deep thinker rather than a brilliant, facile one.

* There can be no great art, according to the poet Coleridge, without a certain strangeness.
Profile Image for Jared Gibson.
15 reviews
June 22, 2019
This book was able to both give me hope that I may one day write some meaningful fiction and at the same time, instill within me a feeling of respect for the art of writing fiction and the artists who write it. Gardner makes himself clear that this book is concerned not with writers but artists. This has the effect of making him sound condescending. For instance, he suggests that TV writers, sci-fi writers, and fluffy romance novelists are not true artists. He even cites a certain science fiction writer and demonstrates how their work is not art. This is, however, a brief section of the book, and if one reads the rest of it, I’m confident that they will find a message of compassion at its core. Essentially, the worst crime a novelist can commit is not accepting the reader as their equal. Novelists are not here to lecture us; they are not puzzle-makers whose sole purpose is to confuse readers; they are not here to dress up reality as something it is not. Novel writing is about engaging with reality and relating its nature to the reader. The characters within a novel are not puppets for the author to demonstrate his impressive knowledge or wisdom. If used this way, the author forces the characters to do things that they would not actually do, and astute readers realize that they are being offered a phony version of reality.
I would recommend this book to anyone not just interested in novel writing, but also anyone who wishes to figure out what makes a good story. But let me be clear that this is not a book about how to write a novel. Gardner spends the first part of the book describing the qualities of a novelist (one of them being that he is at least a little crazy). Then, he gives a description of the training a novelist should have, which basically contains tips for what subjects are helpful in writing novels (among them science. Yes. Science). He then finishes the book with advice on publication and a section on the creative process associated with writing.
Profile Image for Ana Schein.
357 reviews5 followers
December 23, 2019
Se está terminando el 2019 y no había hecho mi lectura anual de este clásico de Gardner! Una maravilla de libro, con consejos escritos desde el corazón. Un trabajo nada pretensioso, narrado desde el punto de vista de un gran maestro que pasó por todas las etapas de la escritura, y que aporta su visión no solo como novelista, sino también como profesor universitario en el área de la literatura. Suele ocurrir que los autores utilicen estos manuales para analizar sus propias obras durante páginas y páginas, no es este el caso; Gardner apenas hace algunas referencias a sus novelas, se trata más que nada de consejos valiosos con la intención de acompañar a los novelistas en la búsqueda de su camino. En lo personal me siento siempre muy acompañada cada vez que leo este manual, ya que la carrera del escritor suele ser muy solitaria, hay que tomar decisiones sobre la marcha, y muchas veces sin experiencia suficiente, porque cada nuevo libro es un nuevo desafío.
Profile Image for StarMan.
691 reviews17 followers
August 27, 2020
VERDICT: 2.67 stars. Not quite a "like" for me, but there's advice of varying usefulness scattered among the late Gardner's many personal opinions. Some mild humor here and there. There are better "how to" books for the modern writer, but if you run across a copy of this book on the cheap, go for it.

This is an older book, first published circa 1983. There are several mentions of typewriters, and none of computers. He mostly talks about short stories and novels, with a few asides for poetry or other venues (TV, magazines). A few examples from various authors are examined. The last parts about agents and editors is a bit dated but not entirely useless.

For me, the best bits were probably his ponderings on education and writers groups.
Profile Image for Marco Gregò.
5 reviews
June 11, 2023
Uno di quei libri che chiunque abbia passione per la scrittura dovrebbe leggere, ma credo molto meno conosciuto e diffuso rispetto ai più blasonati. Un rifugio in cui fare ritorno quando ci si allontana dalla scrittura o un bellissimo punto di partenza. Consigli, esempi, incoraggiamenti e riflessioni che hanno reso Gardner uno dei migliori insegnanti di scrittura creativa di sempre.
Un po' meno interessante, poiché poco fruibile, la parte in cui suggerisce concretamente seminari, corsi, agenzie letterarie ormai datate ed ovviamente Americane.
La lettura di questa opera ti arricchisce di tante consapevolezze e conoscenze, e ti lascia in dono il desiderio di scrivere, leggere, rileggere e scrivere ancora e ancora e ancora.
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