Chromalveolate

Chromalveolates
	Clockwise from top-left: a haptophyte, some diatoms, an oomycete, a cryptomonad, and Macrocystis, a phaeophyte
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
(unranked):	Bikonta
Kingdom:	Chromalveolate; Cavalier-Smith 1998
Phyla
	Heterokontophyta; Haptophyta; Cryptophyta; Alveolata (superphylum) Ciliophora; Apicomplexa; Dinoflagellata; ;

Chromalveolata is a eukaryote supergroup first proposed by Thomas Cavalier-Smith as a refinement of his kingdom Chromista, which was first proposed in 1981.

The origin of the Chromalveolata was thought to be a secondary endosymbiosis between a bikont (cell with two flagella) and a red alga.^[1] This union led to plastids containing chlorophyll c. In Cavalier-Smith's classification, the Chromalveolata was one of the six major groups within the eukaryotes.^[2]

The classification has been challenged.^[3]^[4]

References

↑ Keeling P.J. (2009). "Chromalveolates and the evolution of plastids by secondary endosymbiosis". J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 56 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2008.00371.x. PMID 19335769. S2CID 34259721.
↑ Adl, Sina M. & al (2005), "The new higher level classification of eukaryotes with emphasis on the taxonomy of protists", Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 52 (5): 399–451, doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.00053.x, PMID 16248873, S2CID 8060916
↑ Burki, Fabien; Shalchian-Tabrizi, Kamran & Pawlowski, Jan (2008), "Phylogenomics reveals a new 'megagroup' including most photosynthetic eukaryotes", Biology Letters, 4 (4): 366–369, doi:10.1098/rsbl.2008.0224, PMC 2610160, PMID 18522922
↑ Kim, E; Graham, LE (Jul 2008). "EEF2 analysis challenges the monophyly of Archaeplastida and Chromalveolata". PLOS ONE. 3 (7): e2621. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002621. PMC 2440802. PMID 18612431.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[pmid19335769-1] Keeling P.J. (2009). "Chromalveolates and the evolution of plastids by secondary endosymbiosis". J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 56 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2008.00371.x. PMID 19335769. S2CID 34259721.

[Adl2005-2] Adl, Sina M. & al (2005), "The new higher level classification of eukaryotes with emphasis on the taxonomy of protists", Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 52 (5): 399–451, doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2005.00053.x, PMID 16248873, S2CID 8060916

[Burki2008a-3] Burki, Fabien; Shalchian-Tabrizi, Kamran & Pawlowski, Jan (2008), "Phylogenomics reveals a new 'megagroup' including most photosynthetic eukaryotes", Biology Letters, 4 (4): 366–369, doi:10.1098/rsbl.2008.0224, PMC 2610160, PMID 18522922

[KimGraham2008-4] Kim, E; Graham, LE (Jul 2008). "EEF2 analysis challenges the monophyly of Archaeplastida and Chromalveolata". PLOS ONE. 3 (7): e2621. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002621. PMC 2440802. PMID 18612431.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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