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List of massacres in Canada

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This is a list of events in Canada for which one of the commonly accepted names includes the word massacres. Massacre is defined in the Oxford English Dictionary as "the indiscriminate and brutal slaughter of people or (less commonly) animals; carnage, butchery, slaughter in numbers". It also states that the term is used "in the names of certain massacres of history". Thomas W. Gallant definition of Massacres; deliberate slaughter of a large number of people in a violent way, especially when they cannot defend themselves.[1][2] The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in Canada and its predecessors. Some events in which numerous individuals were wounded are also included.

List

Name Date Location Dead / Injured / Captives Mechanism of injury Perpetrator suicide Notes
Lachine massacre August 5, 1689 Lachine, Quebec est. 24 to 250 First Nations violence na Total population of Lachine estimated at 375. Part of King George's War
Port-la-Joye Massacre July 11, 1746 Port-la-Joye, Île Saint-Jean. The location now known as Hillsborough River (Prince Edward Island). 34 / 0 First Nations violence na Acadian and Mi'kmaqs killed 34 unarmed British (27 soldiers and 7 sailors). Part of King George's War
Grand-Pré Massacre February 10, 1747 Grand-Pré, Nova Scotia 67 / 0 / 40 Military and allies na Acadian and Mi'kmaqs took est. 40 prisoners after attack. Part of King George's War
Dartmouth Massacre May 13, 1751 Dartmouth, Nova Scotia bet. 7 and 20 / 0 / bet. 6 and 14 First Nations violence na One of seven raids by Mi'kmaqs on British and New England forces, usually very violence with deaths and scalpings. Part of Father Le Loutre's War
St. Francis Massacre October 4, 1759 Odanak, Quebec 30–200 / unk / bet. 7 and 20 Military and allies na Raid by Robert Rogers' Rangers, which was pursued and depleted before crossing back into New England. Part of French and Indian War
Bloody Falls Massacre July 17, 1771 The location now known as Kugluk/Bloody Falls Territorial Park near Kugluktuk, Nunavut 20 First Nations violence na Alleged massacre between indigenous peoples
Chilcotin War April 30, 1864 Bute Inlet, British Columbia 19 First Nations violence na Massacre of road workers in a series of attacks by indigenous peoples
Cypress Hills massacre June 1, 1873 Cypress Hills, Saskatchewan 23 Civilian violence na Mass murder perpetrated by American bison and wolf hunters, and American and Canadian whisky traders and cargo haulers, against a camp of Assiniboine people. One of the main contributing reasons for the formation of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.
Black Donnellys massacre February 4, 1880 Lucan Biddulph, Ontario 5 Civilian violence na Murder of five members of the Donnelly family by an armed mob, after which their farm was burned down. The event was the culmination of long-standing conflict between the family and other residents, none of the mob were ever convicted.
Frog Lake Massacre April 2, 1885 Frog Lake, Alberta 9 Military na part of the North-West Rebellion
Canadian Pacific Air Lines Flight 108 September 9, 1949 Sault-au-Cochon, Quebec 23 Explosives No Time bomb onboard DC-3 airliner plotted by Albert Guay to murder his spouse for the insurance payout.
Shell Lake murders August 15, 1967 Shell Lake, Saskatchewan 9 Mass murder of nine members of the Peterson family on their farm, targeted randomly by Victor Ernest Hoffman.
Buffalo Narrows axe slayings January 30, 1969[3] Buffalo Narrows, Saskatchewan 7 Axe Seven members of the Pederson family were murdered with an axe in their beds by Frederick Moses McCallum.[4]
Dale Nelson murders September 4, 1970 Creston, British Columbia 8 Perpetrator engaged in cannibalism, necrophilia, and pedophilia
Kettle Valley shooting August 28, 1972 Kettle Valley, British Columbia 6 Long gun No After absconding from a secure psychiatric hospital, 27-year-old William Bernard Lepine (also called William McConnell) killed 6 people and injured 3 others using a .22-calibre rifle and a .30-calibre rifle. Attacks occurred at four different locations in the Kettle Valley on a single day. Located and apprehended by police the next day. At trial, was found Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity on six counts of murder. Psychiatric evidence indicated that he suffered from schizophrenia with nihilistic delusions and believed he was chosen to save the world from a nuclear holocaust by killing the victims.[5][6][7][8]"
Blue Bird Café Fire September 1, 1972 Montreal, Quebec 37 Arson A fire was started in a stairwell of the building by 3 men.[9][10]
St. Pius X High School shooting October 27, 1975 Ottawa, Ontario 2 Long gun Five injured, 1 killed prior to school incident
Wells Gray Provincial Park Family Murders August 2, 1982 Wells Gray Provincial Park, British Columbia 6 Three generations of a family were murdered by David Shearing 18 km (11.2 mi) North of Clearwater, British Columbia
National Assembly shootings May 8, 1984 Quebec City, Quebec 3 Stolen military No 3 killed and 13 wounded in an attack on the Quebec National Assembly.
Lennoxville massacre March 24, 1985 Lennoxville, Quebec 5 Long gun, hand guns No Part of the Quebec Biker war, 4 convicted of first degree murder
Air India Flight 182 June 23, 1985 Atlantic Ocean (WSW of Ireland) 329, of which 268 were Canadians Explosives No Airline bombing of flight originating in Canada, as well as a second failed attack were part of terror plot. Suspects were eventually tried in Canada, one convicted.
Drinking Party Killings July 29, 1988 Calgary, Alberta 4 Long gun No Russell Rafuse entered a North West Calgary residence and shot 5 people at a party, killing 4.[11][12]
École Polytechnique massacre December 6, 1989 Montreal, Quebec 15 Long gun Yes Perpetrator killed 14 women and injured 14, before taking his own life. School Shooting.
Ontario Glove Factory murders February 3, 1992 Waterloo, Ontario 3 Long gun Patrick Dombroskie shot and killed boss and co-workers.
Sydney River McDonald's murders May 7, 1992 Sydney, Nova Scotia 3 Long gun 1 disabled
Concordia University massacre August 24, 1992 Montreal, Quebec 4 / 1 Hand gun No School Shooting, 4 killed, 1 injured[13]
Giant Mine bombing September 18, 1992 Yellowknife, Northwest Territories 9 Explosives No 48-year-old striking gold miner set explosives inside the mine, which killed nine strikebreaking workers.
Mark Chahal massacre April 6, 1996 Vernon, B.C. 9 Estranged husband murdered wedding party.
OC Transpo massacre April 6, 1999 Ottawa, Ontario 5 Long gun Yes A former OC Transpo employee shot six people, killing four, in a shooting spree at OC Transpo's St. Laurent Boulevard garage, before killing himself. An inquest into the shooting revealed that the shooter had been the subject of bullying.[14][15]
W. R. Myers High School April 28, 1999 Taber, Alberta 1 School Shooting. 1 other injured.
Cruse family murders June 14, 2002 Grimsby, Ontario 5 Hand gun Yes Ex-boyfriend Peter Kiss, 30, of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, travelled from U.S. with a .45-calibre Glock pistol and killed his ex-girlfriend, her parents, her 6-year-old child, and himself.[16]
Penticton Reserve Shooting October 30, 2004 Penticton Indian Reservation 3 Long gun Attempted After drinking 35 beers and snorting cocaine, Dustin Paul shot five friends and relatives while they were all partying at a campsite, killing three of them before slitting his own throat. Claiming in court that he heard a voice telling him to do it, Paul lived to be convicted of three counts of second-degree murder and two counts of attempted murder, and was sentenced to life in prison with the possibility of parole after 16 years.[17][18]
Mayerthorpe tragedy March 3, 2005 Mayerthorpe, Alberta 5 Long gun Yes James Roszko shot and killed 4 RCMP officers during a property seizure of his farm, he later turned the gun on himself.
Aurora Massacre March 5, 2006 Aurora, Ontario 3 Blunt force John LaFleche of Aurora, Ontario, beat his two children to death in their beds with a baseball bat ""to spare them from becoming wards of the Children's Aid Society"" after he murdered their mother earlier that day because he had heard her speaking sexually on the phone with another man.[19]
Shedden massacre April 8, 2006 Shedden, Ontario 8 Multiple firearms na Gang killing of own gang members.
Richardson family murders April 22, 2006 Medicine Hat, Alberta 3 Shooting No 12-year-old girl and her 23-year-old boyfriend killed girl's parents and 8-year-old brother.
Dawson College shooting September 13, 2006 Montreal, Quebec 2 Long gun School Shooting.
Surrey Six murders October 19, 2007 Surrey, British Columbia 6 No Members of a drug gang executed a rival dealer and three of his associates, as well as two innocent bystanders. The resulting violence eventually culminated in the 2009 Vancouver gang war.[20][21]"
Claresholm highway massacre December 15, 2011 Claresholm, Alberta 4 Yes 21-year-old man shot and killed his ex-girlfriend and two young men who were passengers in the same vehicle. The man also shot the female driver, before taking his own life.[22]
Eaton Centre Shooting June 2, 2012 Toronto, Canada 2 No Gang member open fires in the mall food court as an act of revenge for a former stabbing, killing 2 and injuring 6 others.[23]
Danzig Street shooting July 16, 2012 Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario 2 Hand gun No Mass gang shooting at a block party that left 2 dead and 23 injured.[24]
Les Racines de vie Montessori April 5, 2013 Gatineau, Quebec 2 Hand gun Yes ** Not a massacre by the definition shown at beginning of article. School Shooting. Daycare worker killed, shooter committed suicide.[25]"
2014 Calgary stabbing April 14, 2014 Calgary, Alberta 5 Knife No 22-year old Matthew de Grood fatally stabbed five people at a party. He was subsequently found Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder on 5 counts of First Degree Murder.[26]
2014 Nanaimo Shooting April 30, 2014 Nanaimo, British Columbia 2 Long gun A former employee opened fire with a shotgun at a Western Forest Products mill, killing two employees and wounding two others.
Moncton shooting June 4, 2014 Moncton, New Brunswick 3 Long gun No 24-year-old from Moncton, shot five armed officers from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), killing three and severely injuring two.[27]
2014 Edmonton killings December 29, 2014 Edmonton, Alberta 8 Yes 53-year-old Phu Lam shot and killed 7 in one Edmonton residence, then went to a home in south Edmonton where he killed Cyndi Duong because he found he was raising a child that was not biologically his own. Phu Lam was found the next day after committing suicide in Fort Saskatchewan.
La Loche shootings January 22, 2016 La Loche, Saskatchewan 4 / 7 Long gun No A 17-year-old student, whose identity is protected by youth justice publication ban, convicted of killing two of his cousins at their home, then going to La Loche Community School and continued firing, killing a teacher and an assistant, and wounding seven others. School Shooting.[28]
Scarborough crossbow attack August 25, 2016 Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario 3 Crossbow No 35-year-old Brett Ryan[29] killed 3 people and wounded 2 others with a crossbow before being apprehended by police.
Quebec City mosque shooting January 29, 2017 Quebec City, Quebec 6 Handgun No Alexandre Bissonnette (a former University of Laval student) killed 6 people and wounded 18 others at the Islamic Cultural Centre of Quebec City.[30]
Toronto van attack April 23, 2018 North York, Toronto, Ontario 10 Vehicle No Single driver, Alek Minassian killed 10 people and wounded 15 others in a vehicle-ramming attack at Yonge Street, North York City Centre.[31]
Danforth shooting July 22, 2018 Greektown, Toronto 3 (including the gunman) Hand gun Yes The 29-year-old gunman, Faisal Hussain, shot 10 people before fatally shooting himself. An 18-year-old woman was pronounced dead after she was taken to the hospital from gunshot wounds, and a critically injured 10-year-old girl was also pronounced dead after being taken to hospital.[32]"
Fredericton shooting August 10, 2018 Fredericton, New Brunswick 4 Long gun No 48-year-old accused, Matthew Vincent Raymond, shot 4 people, 2 civilians Bobbie-Lee Wright and Donnie Robichaud, along with officers Robb Costello and Sara Burns.[33]
Salmon Arm Church of Christ shooting April 14, 2019 Salmon Arm, British Columbia 1 / 1 / 0 Shooting No Matrix Savage Gathergood, 25, was charged with first-degree murder of Gordon Parmenter, aggravated assault and disguise with intent to commit an indictable offence in connection with the shooting on April 15.[34]
Penticton shootings April 15, 2019 Penticton, British Columbia 4 Long gun No Four people killed in three different locations by a man reported to have used a rifle, and who immediately turned himself in to police.[35]
2019 Northern British Columbia murders July 14-19, 2019 British Columbia 3 Long gun Yes An Australian and an American tourist were found dead. Five days later, another man was found dead.[36] On July 23, the RCMP initiated a country-wide manhunt for the two outstanding suspects.[37] On August 7, two bodies, later identified as the suspects, were found in dense brush near the Nelson River in Manitoba. Autopsies and press conference reported death by suicide.[38]
2019 Markham home massacre July 28, 2019 Markham, Ontario 4 Knife No 23-year-old Menhaz Zaman is charged after allegedly killing four family members by cutting their throats in a Markham home.[39]
2020 Nova Scotia shootings April 18-19, 2020 Multiple locations in Nova Scotia 14 (including the gunman) Unknown firearms Unknown 51-year-old Gabriel Wortman, shot and killed at least 10 people, including a Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officer Heidi Stevenson, and later died himself.[40][41] [42]

See also

References

  1. ^ Gallant, Thomas W. (2001). "review of Levene, Roberts The Massacre in History". Crime, History & Societies. 5 (1).
  2. ^ "massacre." Dictionary.com Unabridged. Random House, Inc. December 23, 2014.
  3. ^ "Seven murder counts laid in northern axe deaths". The Phoenix. January 31, 1968. Retrieved March 10, 2016.
  4. ^ "Generations of grief: Family still reeling 50 years after little-known mass axe murder". Bridget Yard · CBC News. February 2, 2019. Retrieved February 5, 2019.
  5. ^ "Arrow Lakes News, September 05, 2012". Issuu. Retrieved March 6, 2018.
  6. ^ "The Bulletin - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved March 6, 2018.
  7. ^ "Ottawa Citizen - Google News Archivsuche". news.google.com. Retrieved March 6, 2018.
  8. ^ "The Calgary Herald - Google News Archivsuche". news.google.com. Retrieved March 6, 2018.
  9. ^ "40 years later – Montreal commemorates victims of the Blue Bird fire". Global News. Retrieved November 11, 2018.
  10. ^ "Out of the Blue - Disasters of the Century - History Television". July 19, 2011. Archived from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved November 11, 2018.
  11. ^ "Mass Killings in Canada".
  12. ^ "Calgary's worst mass murders".
  13. ^ BOVSUN, MARA. "Crazy professor Valery Fabrikant kills 4 in Concordia University rampage - NY Daily News". nydailynews.com. Retrieved November 11, 2018.
  14. ^ "Gunman opens fire in Ottawa, killing five". CBC News. April 6, 1999. Retrieved October 15, 2010.
  15. ^ "Workplace mistrust persists, 10 years after OC Transpo shooting: driver". CBC News. April 6, 2009. Retrieved October 15, 2010.
  16. ^ "Tragedy in Grimsby". Niagara This Week. June 25, 2012. Retrieved October 3, 2016.
  17. ^ Fong, Petti. "Penticton murderer recalls hearing voices". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  18. ^ "Killer to serve at least 16 years for shootings on B.C. reserve". CBC News. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  19. ^ "Man who killed wife, 2 kids with bat sentenced to life | the Star".
  20. ^ "Surrey Six murder trial: 6 shot with heads covered". CBC News. Retrieved November 23, 2018.
  21. ^ "Drug war on another border: Canada". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 23, 2018.
  22. ^ The Canadian Press (December 15, 2012). "Claresholm Highway Murders: Anniversary Of Roadside Shooting That Claimed 4 Lives". Huffpost Alberta. The Huffington Post. Retrieved July 5, 2016.
  23. ^ Dec 19, Jasmin Seputis · Posted; December 20, 2018 10:38 PM ET | Last Updated; 2018. "Defence argues Eaton Centre shooter was suffering from PTSD | CBC News". CBC. Retrieved February 10, 2019. {{cite web}}: |last3= has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  24. ^ Rush, Curtis; Poisson, Jayme; Powell, Betsy (November 8, 2012). "Danzig St. shooting: First-degree murder charges laid in July shootings". Toronto Star. Toronto Star Newspapers Limited. Archived from the original on February 27, 2018. Retrieved June 4, 2017.
  25. ^ "Daycare worker shot in Gatineau identified as French man, 38". Retrieved February 20, 2018.
  26. ^ "Matthew de Grood found not criminally responsible in Brentwood murders". Global News. Retrieved March 6, 2018.
  27. ^ "Moncton shootings: 3 RCMP officers dead, 2 wounded". CBC. Retrieved October 24, 2015.
  28. ^ https://globalnews.ca/news/6110038/adult-sentence-upheld-in-la-loche-school-shooter-appeal/
  29. ^ "Man charged in Toronto crossbow killings is a convicted bank robber". cbc.ca. CBC. Retrieved August 26, 2016.
  30. ^ "6 dead, 2 arrested after shooting at Quebec City mosque". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. January 20, 2017. Retrieved January 30, 2017.
  31. ^ "9 dead, 16 injured after van strikes pedestrians in North York". CBC News. April 23, 2018. Retrieved April 23, 2018.
  32. ^ "Three dead, including shooter, 12 injured in Toronto mass shooting".
  33. ^ "Accused Fredericton shooter Matthew Raymond will stand trial Sept. 30".
  34. ^ "25-year-old charged with murder after deadly shooting at Salmon Arm church". CBC. April 15, 2019. Archived from the original on May 22, 2019. Retrieved January 26, 2020.
  35. ^ "Penticton shootings: Live updates and what we know so far | Vancouver Sun". April 17, 2019.
  36. ^ "2 murders, a death, and 2 disappearances in a remote, wild part of Canada could all be connected, police say".
  37. ^ News; Canada (July 29, 2019). "Ten days, four provinces: How two B.C. fugitives continue to evade RCMP | National Post". Retrieved July 30, 2019. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  38. ^ Glowacki, Laura (August 7, 2019). "Bodies found in northern Manitoba believed to be 2 B.C. fugitives: RCMP". CBC News. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
  39. ^ "Four bodies found in Markham, Ont., home; one man in custody".
  40. ^ https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/rcmp-weapon-lockdown-portapique-1.5537598
  41. ^ https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/19/world/canada/nova-scotia-shooting-gabriel-wortman.html
  42. ^ https://nationalpost.com/pmn/news-pmn/canada-news-pmn/newsalert-const-heidi-stevenson-identified-as-rcmp-officer-killed-in-shooting/amp
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