The astrophysics laboratory was a lab dedicated to the study of astrophysics, found aboard Federation starships during the 23rd and 24th centuries.
In 2267, Captain James T. Kirk ordered Commander Spock to check with the electromagnetic section of the USS Enterprise's astrophysics lab to get an estimate of the total energy being expended against the ship by Vaal. (TOS: "The Apple")
In 2368, Captain Jean-Luc Picard told the winners of the primary school science fair, Marissa Flores, Jay Gordon Graas, and Paterson Supra that he was going to take them on a tour of the USS Enterprise, including the hydroponics and astrophysics laboratories. (TNG: "Disaster")
Dr. Beverly Crusher tried to save seven living tissue samples from her sickbay on the Enterprise-D, which was due to undergo a baryon sweep, which killed living lifeforms. Captain Picard told her to arrange with Geordi La Forge to beam a stasis unit from the ship's astrophysics lab to the Arkaria Base to save the tissue samples. (TNG: "Starship Mine")